In Iran and Afghanistan, females generally acquired more power and influence as time went on after marriage and children. From being a relatively powerless girl in her father's household to a relatively powerless young bride, a female gained status as she bore and raised children. When her sons and daughters married, she acquired daughters-in-law, grandchildren, and wider social ties. With years spent in her husband's household caring for him and their children, a mother might gain her husband's trust and affection.

Ideally in Iran, and even more so in Afghanistan, older pa…