Andalusian literature is a term that refers to all types of literary forms written or composed in the areas where Muslims ruled in the Iberian Peninsula, also known as al-Andalus, during the Middle Ages. Muslims entered Spain in 93/711, and left in 898/1492 after they were defeated by Ferdinand and Isabella. Muslim chronicles mention, altogether, a considerable number of literate Andalusian women who apparently were well known for their poetry, wit, and knowledge. Examples of such chronicles are: Ibn Bassām (d. circa 542/1147), al-…