Caucasian and Central Asian women are currently in a process of constant negotiation and renegotiation of their womanness, finding themselves between a revival of Muslim norms and traditions, a Western capitalist influence, and a recent Soviet history, all with completely different standards of what it means to be both a woman and a citizen.
Soviet times
From the earliest days of rule, the Soviet Communists regarded the inclusion of Central Asian and Caucasian women in their very concept of citize…