In the nineteenth century, Europeans established a variety of schools in the Arab world, many of which were aimed at girls and women. Inspired by a push to world empire and evangelism in their own societies, as well as the education reforms of the Tanzimat in the Ottoman Empire, Europeans embraced missionary education as a method of disseminating their own social, religious, and political hegemony. As a consequence, as European nations began to formally take imperial control over the Arab states…