Much of the documented information in English about women's rights in early twentieth-century Afghanistan emphasizes state-imposed changes to women's legal and social status in Afghan society. Most of these reforms were initiated between 1919 and 1929, during the reign of King Amān Allāh: the constitution was changed to guarantee equal rights for women and men; female students were sent to pursue higher education in Turkey; and the Anjuman-i Ḥimāyat-i-Niswān (Association for the protection of wo…