There were a significant number of active feminist organizations from the beginning of the twentieth-century to the 1960s in Iran. These included the Women's Freedom Society, founded in 1906 by a group of male and female intellectuals who gathered in secret to discuss the status of women. In 1910, the Anjuman-i Mukhadirāt-i Vatan (National ladies' society) was formed. Its members were active in promoting women's education, and encouraging the use of Iranian-made rather than imported goods. As su…