While science – institutionalized research on the natural world – is central to modern nation-building, unequal access for women and men to scientific knowledge and professionalization continues to characterize Arab countries. Amira El-Azhary Sonbol (2003) notes that codification and centralization of legal authority distinguishes the citizenship rights of male Egyptians from those of female Egyptians. Such observations might also be extended to “big science,” noting that scientific research acc…