Islamic scientific discourse on female sexuality draws upon a multitude of earlier scientific and quasi-scientific views, but it also developed its own particular set of conceptions consonant with the larger cultural trends and social and religious norms in Muslim societies.

Islamic medicine relied on Greek humoral medicine as the theoretical framework for understanding the workings of the body and explaining its functions and pathologies. The humoral system was based on the correlation between the four elements (water, air, fire, and…