I. Bible

Hebrew Bible uses violence (חָמָס/ḥāmās; שׂד/šōd) to denote the illegal use of physical force (Gen 49:5), false ¶ testimony in court (Exod 23:1; Deut 19:16), economic exploitation (Amos 3:10; Zeph 1:9), especially of the poor (Jer 22:3), and assault on God (Job 21:27) or his laws (Ezek 22:26). All violence against human beings is also violence against God (Gen 6:11, 13).

Law (Law and jurisprudence: III) with its fundamental function of settling conflicts and preventing the transg…