1. The notion of value. In contemporary philosophy, value is defined as: that which is, or makes something, desirable, attractive, worthy of approval, admiration, etc.; that which inspires feelings, judgments or attitudes of esteem, commendation; that which is useful in view of certain ends. Value cannot, it seems, be completely identified with the “good” of classical (and scholastic) philosophy, whether taken materially (bonum) or formally (bonitas). On the one hand, it always implies a relationship to man (or to the spiritual subject in general), while the …