In Volume 3: Lexicography; Grammar; Prosody, and Poetics; Rhetoric, Riddles, and Chronograms; Ornate Prose; Proverbs; Tales

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See also the Subsection 1.18 Mixed

§ 165. Mīrzā M. Ismāʿīl, commonly called (ʿurf) Mīrzā Jān, “Ṭapis̲h̲” Dihlawī b. Mīrzā Yūsuf Bēg K̲h̲ān Buk̲h̲ārī, a descendant of S. Jalāl al-Dīn Buk̲h̲ārī (cf. pl. i § 1260), was a soldier by profession. As a young man he served for a time under Jahāndār S̲h̲āh (cf. pl. i § 799) and accompanied him to Benares, where he was seen in 1198/1784 by ʿAlī Ibrāhīm K̲h̲ān (cf. pl. i § 922). Subsequently he went to Bengal and was at Calcutta in 1812. He was the author of an Urdu mat̲h̲nawī entitled Bahār i dānis̲h̲, a translation of the Persian tales of ʿInāyat Allāh. (Editions: Calcutta 1255/1839–40, Bombay 1284/1867°*, Lucknow 1872°.)

[Rieu ii 516a; Sprenger p. 297; de Tassy iii pp. 219–21.] S̲h̲ams al-bayān fī muṣṭalaḥāt i Hindūstān, an alphabetically arranged glossary of Urdu idioms, explained in Persian, with quotations from the poets: Rieu ii 516a (foll. 71. ah 1215/1800). Edition: Murs̲h̲īdābād 1849* (Pp. 73).

Shams al-bayān fī muṣṭalaḥāt i Hindūstān, an alphabetically arranged glossary of Urdu idioms, explained in Persian, with quotations from the poets: Rieu II 516a (foll. 71. a.h. 1215/1800).

Edition: Murshidābād 1849* (pp. 73).

§ 166. M. ʿAlī, surnamed (mulaqqab bi-) Ṣadr Amīn,¹ b. S. Aḥmad ʿAlī K̲h̲ān al-Qabāʾī al-Badāyūnī.

¶ Nuk̲h̲bat al-lug̲h̲āt (beg. Sitāyis̲h̲ u niyāyis̲h̲ mar K̲h̲āliqī rā kih afrād), a dictionary of the Urdu language as spoken in Badāyūn, Barēlī and S̲h̲āhjahānpūr with Persian explanations and the Arabic equivalents, completed in 1250/1834–5 and presented to Richard Carr Glyn, Sessions Judge of Meerut: Rieu iii 997 ( ah 1251/1835).

§ 167. Auḥad al-Dīn [Aḥmad?] Bilgrāmī studied Arabic literature and composition under S̲h̲. Aḥmad al-Yamanī al-S̲h̲irwānī, who died in 1256/1840 (see pl. i § 308). He is doubtless the same person as Auḥad b. Aḥmad Bilgrāmī, who translated one hundred tales from the Arabian Nights ( pl. iii § 808 (12) (c) infra).

[Raḥman ʿAlī p. 30.]

Nafāʾis al-lug̲h̲āt, an Urdu-Persian² dictionary completed on 7 Rajab 1253/7 October 1837 in the reign of M. ʿAlī S̲h̲āh, King of Oudh: Lucknow 1257/1841 (2 vols. Āṣafīyah iii p. 620); 1281/1864–5 (Āṣaf. ibid.); 1884° (Pp. 636); Cawnpore 1869° (Pp. 490); 1878° (Pp. 636); 1905* (Pp. 636).

§ 168. Muntak̲h̲ab al-nafāʾis, a vocabulary of Urdu words with their equivalents in Persian and Arabic, based on the Nafāʾis al-lug̲h̲āt of Auḥad al-Dīn Bilgrāmī, by Maḥbūb ʿAlī Rāmpūrī: [India] 1264/1848* (pp. 172); Cawnpore 1286/1869* (Niẓāmī Pr. pp. 129); 1291/1874* (Niẓāmī Pr. pp. 172); Lucknow 1303/1885–6 (Āṣafīyah ii p. 1462, Karatay p. 20).

§ 169. Muḥammad (properly G̲h̲ulām-Muḥammad) Mahdī “Wāṣif” b. M. ʿĀrif al-Dīn K̲h̲ān has already been mentioned (§ 61 supra) as the author of the Persian dictionary Dalīl al-s̲h̲uʿarāʾ.

Dalīl i Sāṭiʿ an Urdu-Persian dictionary: Madrās ii 669.³

Edition: Madrās 1268–77/1851–60* (Pp. 454).

§ 170. Ḥakīm S. Ḍāmin ʿAlī “Jalāl” b. Ḥakīm Aṣg̲h̲ar ʿAlī, an Urdu poet, who was born in 1250/1834 at Lucknow and who died in 1909, wrote four Urdu dīwāns and several works relating to Urdu linguistics and other subjects. One of these, entitled Tanqīḥ al-lug̲h̲āt (Lucknow 1873°*, 1875*), is a list of popular orthographical mistakes in Persian and Arabic words.

[Garcin de Tassy ii p. 79; Ram Babu Saksena History of Urdu literature pp. 192–5; T. Grahame Bailey History of Urdu literature p. 77.]

¶ Ganjīnah i zabān i Urdū, or Guls̲h̲an i faiḍ (a chronogram = 1290/1873), an Urdu-Persian dictionary: Lucknow 1297/1880° (Pp. 800).

next chapter: 1.10 Hindī-Persian