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§ 788. Farīd al-Dīn M. b. Abī Barakāt al-jauharī al-Naisābūrī.

Jawāhir-nāmah, composed in 592/1196 for Sulṭān Abū ’l-Fatḥ Masʿūd b. ṣadr al-s̲h̲ahīd Ūlūzīrah: D̲h̲arīʿah v p. 283 no. 1334 (no mss. mentioned).

§ 789. Aḥmad b. Yūsuf al-Tīfās̲h̲ī died in 651/1253 (according to Ḥ. K̲h̲.). For a medical work of his, see pl. ii § 371.

Azhār al-afkār fī jawāhir al-aḥjār, an Arabic work dealing with 25 jewels, composed in 640/1242 (see Brockelmann i 495, Sptbd. i 904, Ency. Isl. under Tīfās̲h̲ī (Ruska), H. Ritter Istanbuler Mitteilungen 3, p. 4).

Persian translation (anonymous): K̲h̲awāṣṣ al-aḥjār (beg. al-Ḥ. l. Fāṭir al-arḍ wa-’l-samāʾ), in thirty bābs: Ivanow 1616 (28 foll. Early 19th cent.).

§ 790. K̲h̲wājah Naṣīr¹ al-Dīn M. b. M. b. al-Ḥasan al-Ṭūsī died at Bag̲h̲dād in 672/1274 (see pl. ii § 10).

Tansūq-nāmah² i Īl-k̲h̲ānī (beg. al-Ḥ. l. Fāṭir al-ṣanāʾiʿ u Mubdiʿ al-badāʾiʿ), composed by order of Hūlāgū (d. 663/1265) and divided into four maqālats ((1) dar kaifīyat i mufradātī kih jumlah i maʿdinīyāt … az-ān tarakkub mī s̲h̲awad, (2) dar jawāhirī kih az jumlah i ḥajar bās̲h̲ad …, (3) dar anwāʿ i filizzāt i sabʿah …, (4) dar anwāʿ i ʿiṭr u maʿājīn u dārūhā i nafīs): Ḥ. K̲h̲. ii p. 299 (under Tas̲h̲awwuq-nāmah sic.)), D̲h̲arīʿah iv p. 458, Āyā Ṣōfyah 3605 (1) (foll. 1–100. ah 748/1347–8. See Ritter Istanbuler Mitteilungen 3 p. 5), 3612 (ah 835/1431. See Ritter loc. cit.), Bāyazīd 2542 ¶ bis (foll. 124–67. 15th cent. See Ritter loc. cit.)³, Browne Suppt. 1490 (3) (foll. 48–66, presumably therefore a fragment only or an abridgment. ah 969/1561–2 (?)), Coll. P. 29 (3) = Houtum-Schindler 50 (3) (apparently Maqālat i faṣls 1–3 only, defective at both ends), P. 34 (2) (Muqaddimah and chapters on the precious stones beginning with the turquoise and pearl and ending with amber, 23 pp.), Glasgow (an eptiome of Maqālats ii and iii. ah 1040/1630–1. See jras. 1906 p. 597), Mis̲h̲kāt iii/1 p. 210 no. 177 (ah 1067/1657), Rieu Suppt. 157 (transcribed from a defective and disarranged ms. 17th cent.), Leyden iii p. 220 no. 1291 (undated, but not later than 17th cent., since the ms. belonged to Warner), Blochet ii 832 front fly-leaves (?) (perhaps an abridgment), Brelvi-Dhabhar p. 78 no. 1 (dar maʿrifat i jawāhir u maʿdin [sic], “composed by one Mahmad al-Tusi, at the request of his King”. 10 foll., evidently therefore a fragment only or an epitome), Leningrad Univ. 1110 (Romaskewicz p. 5). Majlis i 706 (ah 1342/1923–4).

Another recension or possibly a similar work (in which Ṭūsī’s name seems not to occur, but in one ms. at least (Ivanow 1615) a certan Niẓāmī appears as the author) written for an Īl-K̲h̲ān:

Tangsūq⁴-nāmah i Īl-K̲h̲ānī (beg. Minnat K̲h̲udāy taʿālā rā kih hamah jahān rā … mar pāds̲h̲āh i rūy i zamīn … Sabab i taḥrīr i īn kitāb ān-ast kih az pāds̲h̲āh i jahān baʿd az ān-kih īn bandah i kamīnah (Ivanow 1615 here inserts Niẓāmī) rā dar silk i dīgar bandagān i dargāh … āwardah būd farmān rasīd kih s̲h̲arḥ i jawāhir … bi-nawīs), in four bābs ((1) dar jawāhir u dīgar sang- pārahā-yi kānī (41 jewels in Dāmād Ibrāhīm 862, but 43 in Ivanow 1615), (2) dar dīgar tangsūqhā (10 in number, raug̲h̲an i balasān, māhī i saqanqūr, etc.), (3) dar ʿiṭrhā (8 in number), (4) dar gauharhā-yi gudāk̲h̲tanī (10 in D.I. 862, but 11 in Ivanow 1615)): Ḥamīdīyah 1447 (ah 753/1352. See Ritter Istanbuler Mitteilungen 3, p. 7), Browne Coll. p. 30 = Houtum-Schindler 51 (begins abruptly in the account of the pearl. ah 973/1566), Dāmād Ibrāhīm 862 foll. 69–161 (16th cent. See Ritter loc. cit.), Ivanow 1615 (breaks off in the account of the second metal (silver). No doxology. Beg. Sabab i taḥrīr etc. Late 17th cent.).

¶ § 791. Abū ’l-Qāsim ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAlī b. M. b. Abī Ṭāhir al-Qās̲h̲ānī al-muʾarrik̲h̲ al-ḥāsib is the author of a life of Ūljāytu (pl. i § 342) and of a general history (title Zubdat al-tawārīk̲h̲?) composed in Ūljāytū’s reign (ah 703–16/1304–16) (pl. i § 107).

Jawāhir al-ʿarāʾis wa-aṭāyib al-nafāʾis (beg. Ḥ. i bī-ibtidā u madḥ i bī-intihā K̲h̲āliqī rā) completed at Tabrīz on 1 Muḥarram 700/16 Sept. 1300, dedicated apparently to Tāj al-Dīn Tabrīzī⁵ and divided into two qisms ((1) dar maʿrifat i jawāhir i ḥajarī u maʿdinī …, in a muqaddimah and three maqālahs, (2) dar maʿrifat i ʿiṭr …, in two maqālahs) and a k̲h̲ātimah (dar maʿrifat i ṣanʿat i kās̲h̲garī kih ān-rā g̲h̲uḍārah gūyand): Āyā Ṣōfyah 3614 (60 foll. ah 700/1300, autograph), 3613 (considerably divergent in text. 113 foll. ah 991/1583).

Edition of the k̲h̲ātimah with German translation: Eine persische Beschreibung der Fayence technik von Kaschan aus dem Jahre 700 h/1301 d. Von H. Ritter, J. Ruska und R. Winderlich (in Istanbuler Mitteilungen, 3 (Istanbul 1935) pp. 16–56). Cf.: Eine keramische Werkstatt von Kaschan im 13.–14. Jahrhundert. Von F. Sarre (in Istanbuler Mitteilungen, 3, pp. 57–69).

§ 792. M. b. Manṣūr, i.e. S. Ṣadr al-Dīn M. b. G̲h̲iyāt̲h̲ al-Dīn Manṣūr b. Ṣadr al-Dīn al-Ḥusainī al-Das̲h̲takī al-S̲h̲īrāzī⁶, was born in 828/1425 and was killed by the Bāyandurī Turkumāns on 22 Ramaḍān 903/14 May 1498 (see Rauḍāt al-jannāt iv p. 135^6–8 (in the biography of his son G̲h̲iyāt̲h̲ al-Dīn Manṣūr, for whom see pl. ii § 122); Brockelmann ii pp. 204, Sptbd. ii p. 279; Būhār Arab. Cat. no. 88).

( Jawāhir-nāmah), or (Jawāhir-nāmah i sulṭānī) (beg. St. u sp. i bī-andāzah u q. Ṣāniʿī rā), composed for Abū ’l-Fatḥ K̲h̲alīl Bahādur K̲h̲ān⁷, son of the Sulṭān Abū Naṣr Ḥasan Bahādur K̲h̲an [i.e. Ūzūn Ḥasan of the Āq-quyūnlū, ah 858–82/1454–1478: see Ency. Isl. under Uzun Ḥasan (Minorsky)] and divided into a muqaddimah (on minerals and their origin) and two maqālahs ((1) in twenty bābs on twenty precious stones and a k̲h̲ātimah, (2) in seven bābs and a k̲h̲ātimah, on metals): D̲h̲arīʿah v p. 283, Bodleian 1877 (91 foll. ah 877/1472), 1878 (Muqaddimah and Maqālah i. N.d.), Blochet iv 2376 (ah 889/1484), 2377 (19th cent.), i 805 (late 17th cent.), 806 (defective at both ends. 19th cent.), Āyā Ṣōfyah 3611 (ah 897/1492. See Ritter ¶ Istanbuler Mitteilungen 3, p. 9), Fātiḥ 3568 (ah 916/1511. See Ritter loc.cit.), Flügel ii 1448 (ah 923/1517, Full analysis), Nūr i ʿUt̲h̲mānīyah 7363 (ah 988/1580. See Ritter loc. cit. p. 9), Browne Coll. p. 33 (ends with Bāb 17 of Maqālah i), P. 29 (1) = Houtum-Schindler 50 (1) (transcribed from a jung in the Mas̲h̲had library), P. 31 = Houtum-Schindler 53 (19th cent.), P. 32 (1) (ah 1259/1843), Rieu Suppt. 158 (defective at end. 16th cent.), ii 464b (ah 1206/1791), 465b (early 19th cent.), S̲h̲ahīd ʿAlī 1824 foll. 27–127 (16th cent. See Ritter loc. cit.), Lālah-lī 1706 (circ. ah 1000/ 1592. See Ritter loc. cit.), ʿAlīgaṛh Subḥ. mss. p. 25 nos. 1 (ah 1031/1622), 2 (ah 1234/1819), Ethé 2778 (ah 1071/1661), 2779 (n.d.), Majlis i 711 (ah 1292/1875), Ellis Coll. M. 270 (19th cent.).

Edition: Gauhar-nāmah taʾlīf i Muḥammad b. Manṣūr ba- kūs̲h̲is̲h̲ i Minūc̲h̲ihr Sitūdah (in Farhang i Īrān-zamīn iv/3 (a.h.s. 1335/1956–7) pp. 185–302, with some corrections on front of back wrapper).

Extract (Bāb 17 (on lapis lazuli) from Maqālah i) with German translation: Eine persische Beschreibung der Fayence technik von Kaschan aus dem Jahre 700 h/1301d. Von H. Ritter, J. Ruska und R. Winderlich (in Istanbuler Mitteilungen, 3 (Istanbul 1935), pp. 16–56) pp. 49–56.

§ 793. Ḥakīm M. b. al-Mubārak al-Qazwīnī (or in reality, it seems, S̲h̲āh-Muḥammad b. Mubārak-S̲h̲āh⁸ Qazwīnī) has already been mentioned (pl. i § 1094) for his translation of the Majālis al-nafāʾis, which he began at Istānbūl in 927/1521 and dedicated to Sulṭān Salīm.

( Jawāhir-nāmah) (beg. Ḥ. i pāk Pākī rā sazad kih gauhar i pinhān), dedicated to Sulṭān Salīm and divided into a muqaddimah, two maʿdins ((1) in twenty-one chapters called durj, on the jawāhir, (2) in eight mak̲h̲zans, on the filizzāt) and two k̲h̲ātimahs: Blochet iv 2163 (3) (defective at end. ah 1080/ 1669–70), Browne Coll. P. 29 (2) = Houtum-Schindler 50 (2) (breaks off in 16th durj. Modern).

§ 794. M. b.⁹ As̲h̲raf Ḥusainī (or Ḥasanī (Berlin ms.), or Ibn al-Ḥasan (Bānkīpūr ms.)) Rustamdārī.

(Jawāhir-nāmah i Humāyūnī) (beg. Ḥ. i bī-ḥ. u s̲h̲. i bī- ʿadd- Ḥakīmī rā sazad kih ba-mūjab), divided into a muqaddimah and twenty-two or more chapters (twenty-six in the Bānkīpūr ms.) and dedicated to Humāyūn in the reign of his father Bābur after the latter’s conquest of ¶ India [ah 935/1529]: Berlin 51 (1) (ah 1229/1814 (?)), Bānkīpūr xi 1073 (ah 1248/1832), Rieu iii 995b (ah 1268/1852).

§ 795. Zain al-Dīn M. Jāmī.

Muk̲h̲taṣar dar bayān i s̲h̲ināk̲h̲tan i jawāhir (beg. S̲h̲. u sp. u ḥ. i bī-q. mar Dihandah i ʿaql), composed for S̲h̲āh-Ruk̲h̲ Bahādur K̲h̲ān and divided into twelve chapters (the same as in the b.m. Muk̲h̲taṣar az Jawāhir-nāmah (Rieu ii 789b)): Blochet iv 2167 (early 18th cent.), Ellis Coll. M 433 (25 foll. 18th cent.), Browne Coll. P. 32 (2) = Houtum-Schindler 52 (2) (foll. 57–73. ah 1259/1843).

§ 796. S̲h̲. M. ʿAlī “Ḥazīn” Jīlānī died in 1180/1766 (see pl. i § 1150, pl. ii § 786)

Risālah dar c̲h̲igūnagī i marwārīd: ʿAlīgaṛh Subḥ. mss. p. 25 no. 3 (ah 1225/1810).

Edition and translation: The treatise on the nature of pearls of Shaikh Ali Hazin … by Sarfaraz Khan Khatak and O. Spies, Walldorf-Hesson 1954 (18 + 16 pp. Beiträge zur Sprach- und Kulturgeschichte des Orients, Heft 7. See bsoas. XVI/2 (1954) (p. 423).

§ 797. Dr. Johann L. Schlimmer (see pl. ii § 532).

Maʿdin-s̲h̲ināsī, translated in 1271/1854–5 from the French original: Maʿārif ii 220.

§ 798. Appendix

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Jauhar al-jawāhir al-ʿalīyah fī asrār al-ṣanʿah al-ilāhīyah (beg. Wa-baʿd c̲h̲unīn gūyad rāqim i īn naqs̲h̲ i barāʿat- s̲h̲iʿār … Rūḥ Allāh b. ʿAbd Allāh al-Qazwīnī … dar-īn kitāb i Jauharī al-k̲h̲iṭāb al-mausūm bi-Jauhar …), in seventeen k̲h̲azīnahs, by R.A. b. ʿA.A. al-Q., who cites Aḥmad b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz Jauharī: Asʿad 1980 (24 foll. Later than 1000/1591–2. See Ritter Istanbuler Mitteilungen 3 p. 11).

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Jawāhir-namah: Lindesiana p. 167 no. 745b (ah 1134/1722).

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Muntak̲h̲ab i Jawāhir-nāmah, without preface or author’s name beginning with a table of contents and divided into fifteen bābs (firstly almās and lastly zumurrud) telling of the mines, the properties, colour and value of each stone: Ethé 2792 (2) (n.d.).

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(Muntak̲h̲ab (or Muk̲h̲taṣar) i Jawāhir-nāmah) (beg. (of Bodleian 1879) al- Ḥ. l…. . a. b. mī-gūyad Aḥmad b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz i Jauharī kih īn risālah īst muntak̲h̲hab az Jawāhir-nāmah i aṣli, but the usual beginning is Bi-dān-kih īn muk̲h̲taṣarīst (or muntak̲h̲abīst) az Jawāhir-nāmah or the like, without ¶ mention of the epitomator’s name), an abridgment (by Aḥmad b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz Jauharī according to the Bodleian ms.) of a work on precious stones (probably that composed by Zain al-Dīn M. Jāmī for S̲h̲āh-Ruk̲h̲ Bahādur K̲h̲ān), divided into twelve bābs, (diamond, yāqūt, ruby, emerald, pearl, turquoise, bezoar, amber, lapis lazuli, coral, cornelian and jasper) and telling of their mines, their properties and supposed influences, their value (in florins), etc., with frequent reference to the European (Farangī) jewellers: Rieu ii 789b, (17th cent.), Ethé 2780 (Aḥmad S̲h̲āh’s reign, i.e. 1161–7/1748–54), Ivanow 1619 (ah 1175–1761–2), 1617 (late 18th cent.), 1618 (defective at end (10 bābs only). Late 18th cent.), Bodleian 1879 (n.d.). The following mss. at Istānbūl are recorded by Ritter, Instanbuler Mitteilungen 3, p. 10: S̲h̲ahīd ʿAlī 1824 foll. 7–26 (more modern than the transcript of M. b. Manṣūr’s work on foll. 27–127), Wahbī 1461, Rawān Kos̲h̲kü 1652, Nūr i ʿUt̲h̲mānīyah 4970 (a somewhat divergent recension. ah 1096/ 1685).

Turkish translation: Kamānkas̲h̲ (Scutari) 445 foll. 1–13 (see Ritter loc. cit.).

A Kapūrt’halah ms., Risālah i s̲h̲ināk̲h̲t i jawāhir i maʿdinī u kānī mausūm bah Jawāhir-nāmah, (beg. C̲h̲unīn mas̲h̲hūr as kih almās kih dar miyān i mardum muntas̲h̲ir ast az zamān i Iskandar ast. ah 1160/1747. See ocm. iii/4 (Aug. 1927) p. 7) treats of the same jewels in the same order, but with the addition of mus̲h̲k and bullūr at the end and without any mention of bābs, the account of each jewel being normally introduced by Bi-dān-kih. The values are likewise given in florins.

Edition of the Kapūrt’halah text: Jawāhir-nāmah (in ocm. iv/4 (Lahore, Aug. 1928) pp. 112–32. Editor: M. S̲h̲afīʿ).

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Nusk̲h̲ah i maskah i sīmāb u nis̲h̲ānīdan i fiḍḍah i ān (bi-y-ārad sīmāb c̲h̲ahār dām etc.): Ethé 2788 (foll. 336–40).

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(Risālah dar maʿrifat i jawāhir) (beg. Fihrist i abwāb dar maʿrifat i jawāhir u fāʾidah i ān Bāb i awwal dar maʿrifat i marwārīd), in twenty-one bābs (not twenty, as the fihrist states): Ethé 1762 (25).

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Taqwīm al-jawāhir, on the nature and properties of precious stones, attributed to Naṣīr al-Dīn Ṭūsī: Jaipūr 1909* (35 pp.).

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