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Apollinaire, Guillaume

(280 words)

Author(s): Beaupré, Nicolas
Apollinaire, Guillaume (August 26, 1880, Rome – November 9, 1918, Paris), French poet and art critic whose real name was Wilhelm Apollinaris de Kostrowitzky. Not least because of the scandal surrounding his volume of poetry, Alcools, published in 1913, Apollinaire was thought to be one of the most important modern French poets alongside Blaise Cendrars at the outbreak of the war. As a Russian national (his mother was Polish) he was not drafted into the army at the beginning of the war, but he became a volunteer and enlisted with the artillery. At his own …

Rolland, Romain

(602 words)

Author(s): Beaupré, Nicolas
Rolland, Romain ( January 29, 1866, Clamecy [département Nièvre] – December 30, 1944, Vézelay [Département Nièvre]), French writer. Rolland was born in Burgundy to a republican-minded solicitor’s family. In 1886 he passed the entrance examination for the École Normale Supérieure, where he graduated in history and geography. In 1889 he received a grant to attend the École Française in Rome. During his two-year stay in Rome, he made the acquaintance of Malwida von Meysenburg, who introduced him to G…

Barbusse, Henri

(571 words)

Author(s): Beaupré, Nicolas
Barbusse, Henri (March 17, 1872, Asnières near Paris – August 30, 1935, Moscow), French writer. Barbusse is undoubtedly one of France’s most famous war novelists. He moreover embodied the type of the left-wing intellectual wartime activist. His 1916 war novel Le Feu (English: Under Fire, 1917 and 2003) quickly earned him recognition in and outside of France. Henri Barbusse, 1915. Barbusse was a member of the intellectual bourgeoisie. In 1898 he married Helyonne, daughter of the influential poet Catulle Mendès. At that time he was primarily writing poetry…

New Writers, New Literary Genres (1914–1918): The Contribution of Historical Comparatism (France, Germany)

(9,272 words)

Author(s): Beaupré, Nicolas
Beaupré, Nicolas - New Writers, New Literary Genres (1914–1918): The Contribution of Historical Comparatism (France, Germany) Keywords: Literature | Experience of combat | French Army and its combattants | Germany | Culture | Intellectuals and the War | Legacy ‛Warfare and Belligerence’ Pierre Purseigle, Publication Editor: Brill, The Netherlands, 2005 e-ISBN: 9789047407362 DOI: 10.1163/9789047407362.013 © 2005 Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands Beaupré, Nicolas

Alain-Fournier, Henri

(324 words)

Author(s): Beaupré, Nicolas
Alain-Fournier, Henri (October 3, 1886, La Chapelle d’Angillon, Département Cher – September 22, 1914, killed in action near Saint-Rémy), French author whose real name was Henri-Alban Fournier. Along with Charles Péguy, Alain-Fournier is one of the best-known literary figures of the so-called Lost Generation of artists and writers killed in World War I. His parents were primary school teachers in the Berry region. After obtaining his baccalauréat from the Lycée Voltaire, he attended various courses in Paris in preparation for the École Normale Supérieure; howe…