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Transcription Systems: EFEO System (French)

(1,689 words)

Author(s): Christine LAMARRE
The EFEO romanization scheme was widely used to transcribe Chinese in non-English-speaking parts of Europe in the early 20th century. Its name is taken from an academic institution originally based in French Indochina, the École Française d’Extrême-Orient (French School of Far Eastern Studies). The EFEO has hosted renowned scholars such as Paul Pelliot (1878–1945), Henri Maspero (1883–1945), and Paul Demiéville (1894–1979); its missions included archaeological exploration, collection of manuscri…
Date: 2017-03-02

Lánqīng Guānhuà 藍青官話 and Non-standard Varieties of Standard Mandarin

(2,400 words)

Author(s): Christine LAMARRE
Non-standard varieties of Standard Mandarin are a byproduct of the long and strenuous process that led to the emergence of a codified standard language in China. Even after the issue of the variety to be chosen as the ‘standard’ for the national language was settled, for a large number of its speakers this variety of Chinese was a second language. Interference from the native language naturally gave birth in some areas to local varieties diverging to some extent from the new standard. One of these non-standard varieties was called Lánqīng Guānhuà 藍青官話, literally 'blue-green Mandarin'…
Date: 2017-03-02