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(?1493-942/1536), Grand Vizier of Süleymān I, known to the chroniclers as ‘Maḳbūl’ (“the favourite”) and ‘Maḳtūl’ (“the executed”), was probably born near Parga, on the coast of Epirus. Enslaved as a child, he was brought up in the “Palace School”, and then attached to the service of Prince Süleymān while he was governor of Maʿnī…

( Ḥakīm-bas̲h̲i̊ ), “Chief of the Physicians”, in the Ottoman Empire the title of the chief Palace physician, who was at the same ¶ time head of the health services of the state: besides being in charge of all the Palace physicians, surgeons, oculists, pharmacists, etc., he exercised supervision over …

, Ḳod̲j̲a, Darwīs̲h̲, d. 904/1498, Ottoman Grand Vizier. Of Albanian origin, he came through the dews̲h̲irme to the Palace School. In 876/1472, as beylerbeyi of Anadolu, he fought under Prince Muṣṭafā, wālī of Konya, against the Aḳḳoyunlu Yūsufča …

(t.), an official of the central administration of the Ottoman Empire; before the tanẓīmāt , he was directly subordinate to the Reʾīs ül-Küttāb ; he made copies of reports written by the latter, and also drafted reports on minor matters; in short, he performed all the clerical duties connected with the office of Reʾīs ül-Küttāb. Moreover, he was present at meetings between the Reʾīs Efendi and ambassadors, and kept official minutes of the proceedings. He, like the Beylikd̲j̲i , held the title of Ḵh̲ w ād̲j̲agānli̊ḳ . The name and origin of this office derives from the Persian word āmad meaning "has come, has been obtained", an endorsement on documents acknowledging receipt of the dues payable to the Reʾīs ül-Küttāb by newly installed military personnel for their tīmārs and ziʿāmets . The person making this endorsement was called the Āmedd̲j̲i , and the administrative bureau where the formalities connected with these documents were completed, Āmedī . The terms …

(Persian plural of d̲j̲ānbāz, see previous article)—the name of a military corps in the Ottoman Empire. It is not known when exactly the corps was founded, although it may have been in the reign of Ork̲h̲ān G̲h̲āzī [ q.v.]. The d̲j̲ānbāzān…

, Adrianople —a city lying at the confluence of the Tund̲j̲a and Arda with the Merič (Maritsa); the capital of the Ottomans after Bursa (Brusa), and now the administrative centre of the vilâyet (province) of the same name and, traditionally, the centre of Turkis̲h̲ (now Eastern) Thrace (Trakya or Pas̲h̲a-eli). Its historical importance derives from the fact that it lies on the main road from Asia Minor to the Balkans, where it is the first important …

, Abu ’l-K̲h̲ayr Muḥammad (874-919/1470-1513), Ottoman prince and eldest …

, eighteenth Ottoman Sultan, was born on 12 S̲h̲awwāl 1024/4 November 1615, the youngest son of Aḥmad I [ q.v.]. He spent all his early life in close confinement, in constant fear of being put to death (as four of his elder brothers were); so that when…

, now Alexandropolis, town on the Aegean coast of Thrace, founded in 1871, after the construction of the branch …

, a family of Ottoman viziers who rose to prominence in the latter half of the 11th/17th century and dominated Ottoman life for much of that period, bringing a halt for some time to the decline of the empire, instituting internal reforms and gaining new conquests. The name derives from the close association of the founder of the family, Köprülü Meḥmed Pas̲h̲a, with the town of Köprü [ q.v.] (then in the sand̲j̲aḳ of Amasya), which, in turn, was later called Vezīr-Köprü through its association ¶

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