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Stylites

(247 words)

Author(s): Hage, Wolfgang
In the spirit of strict asceticism, Syrian monks (Monasticism 4.2), for whom it was part of their lifestyle to live in confined spaces under the open sky, began to live, whether for a span of time or for the rest of their lives, on a platform atop a pillar, there either in a little hut or fully exposed to the elements. They thus became known as Stylites (Gk. stylos, “pillar”). The first to live in this manner was Simeon Stylites the Elder (ca. 390–459), who spent some 40 years on a pillar, eventually some 15 m. (50 ft.) high, on a mountain spur northwest of Aleppo (the pilgrimage center Qalʿat Simʿān).…

Nestorians

(1,289 words)

Author(s): Müller, C. D. G. | Hage, Wolfgang
1. Founding and Expansion The so-called Nestorians, who also called themselves the East Syrians or, from a political standpoint, the Persian church, derived primarily from Christianity on the Tigris. After a treaty with Emperor Jovian (363–64), the final loss to the Romans of the city of Nisibis (modern Nusaybin, Turk.), and the flight of refugees to Edessa, the church continued its development outside the Roman Empire. ¶ There were Christians in the Adiabene by the second century, with an early mission (§3) penetrating southern Mesopotamia and then the Persia…