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Romania
(3,157 words)
1. General Features Romania became a separate state in 1859 as a result of the 1848 revolutions, when Moldavia in the east (between the Eastern Carpathian Mountains and the Prut River) and Walachia in the south (between the Transylvanian Alps and the Danube) elected a common prince, with a united national assembly to follow in 1862. In 1866 the two brought in a foreign ruler, Charles of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, who was prince (1866–81) and then king (1881–1914). Independence was consolidated under Charles during the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78, and Romania became a kingdom in 1881. In …