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Polemon was a follower of Apollinaris of Laodicea about whose life, place of origin, or ecclesiastical position (if any) nothing is known, except that he is said by Valentinus to have been the teacher of Timotheus of Beirut. He must have been active in the 370s or 380s CE.Maximus the Confessor (Lietzmann, 1904, 274; PG 91.169.D) says that he was well named because he was “hostile (πολέμιος/ polemios) to the word of truth,” and Valentinus, presumably for similar reasons (Raven, 1923, 212n1), calls him Polemios rather than Polemon.The most significant of the fragments of Polemon tha…

Valentinus was a follower of Apollinaris of Laodicea about whom we have no biographical information and who cannot be precisely dated. He writes against his fellow-Apollinarian Timotheus, bishop of Beirut (Timotheus of Beirut), who appears to have been a contemporary and who was alive in 381 CE, when he signed the protocol of the Council of Constantinople (Lietzmann, 1904, 31; Constantinople, 02: First Council of [Second Ecumenical; 381 CE]). Valentinus describes Apollinaris himself, who died so…

Timotheus is a follower of Apollinaris of Laodicea, generally assumed to be the bishop of Beirut who signed the protocol to the Council of Constantinople in 381 CE (Lietzmann, 1904, 31; Constantinople, 02: First Council of [Second Ecumenical; 381 CE]). In his letter to Homonius (see below), he refers to Apollinaris as “thrice blessed,” which seems to imply that it was written after Apollinaris’ death (395 CE at the latest). According to Valentinus he was a pupil of Polemon, with whom he later however fell out theologically. We have no other biographical information about him.According to…