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Maʿbar

(3,437 words)

Author(s): Shokoohy, Mehrdad | Shokoohy, Natalie H.
Maʿ bar (Mabar) is the name given by the Muslims to the Coromandel Coast, in Tamil Nadu, India, from at least the sixth/twelfth century, appearing in Muslim chronicles, along with the name of its capital city, Madura, from the beginning of the seventh/thirteenth. The high official, historian, and physician of Īlkhānid Iran Rashīd al-Dīn (c. 645–718/1247–1318) mentions Maʿbar as “the key to India,” with a distance of 300 parasangs (about 1,680 kilometres) from the Malabar port of Kaulam (Quilon or…
Date: 2021-07-19

Nagaur

(3,127 words)

Author(s): Shokoohy, Mehrdad | Shokoohy, Natalie H.
Nagaur (Pers., Nāgūr, located at latitude N 27.2°, longitude E 73.73°), in Rajasthan State, is one of the oldest Muslim strongholds in India, and historically the centre of a district with many towns, including Didwana, Khatu, Ladnun, and Naraina ( Āʾīn-i Akbarī, 1:512). The foundation of the town goes back to the Ghaznavids (386–583/976–1186), its fort having been built by Muḥammad Bāhalīm (or Bahlīm), Multān’s governor under Bahrām Shāh (r. 511–52/1117–57/8; Ṭabaqāt-i Nāṣirī, 1:242). A tombstone of this period in Nagaur records the death of the son of an Ismāʿīlī dāʿī (a high-ranki…
Date: 2022-04-21

KASHMIR

(10,619 words)

Author(s): Weber, Siegfried | Koul, Omkar N. | Shokoohy, Mehrdad
This entry is divided into five articles: i. Introduction. ii. Persian language in Kashmir. iii. Persian language in the state administration. iv. Persian elements in Kashmiri. v. Persian influence on Kashmiri art.A version of this article is available in printVolume XVI, pp. 75-89 KASHMIR. Kashmir lies on the crossroads of important trade routes, where Persian historically was the lingua franca of traders and higher culture. It is the connecting link between Central Asia and the Indian subcontinent on the north-south axis, and, on the e…
Date: 2022-03-23