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Xanthippe
(5,253 words)
(Ξανθίππη/
Xanthíppē; Latin
Xanthippe)
A. Historical dimension The ancient sources offer a very superficial and distorted picture of X., the wife of the Athenian philosopher Socrates, whose name indicates an aristocratic lineage. She was probably somewhat younger than her husband, by whom she had (at least) one son, Lamprocles. She stood by Socrates' side in the city prison before his execution (Pl. Phd. 60 a). Antisthenes calls X. the "most irksome" or "most difficult" woman (
c
halepōtátē) ever to walk the earth past, present or future (Xen. Symp. 2,10). The anecdote…
Date:
2016-02-22
Drusus
(2,249 words)
(
Nero Claudius Drusus, called
Drusus 'the Elder' [
Maior]; Greek Δροῦσος/
Droûsos)
A. Historical dimension The Roman general D. (38–9 BC), stepson of Augustus, was born the son of Tiberius Claudius Nero and Livia Drusilla. While still pregnant with him, Livia married Octavian, the future Augustus. D. was brought up as a son of the
princeps in the embryonic Imperial household together with his elder brother Tiberius. In 16 BC, he married Antonia Minor, a daughter of Mark Antony's. The union produced the children Germanicus, Livilla and the future emperor Claudius. D.' glorious m…
Date:
2016-02-22
Claudius
(4,929 words)
(
Tiberius Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus; Greek Κλαύδιος/
Klaúdios)
A. Historical dimension C. (10 BC–AD 54), the fourth Roman emperor of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, was born Tiberius C. Drusus at Lugdunum (modern Lyon), the youngest son of Drusus Maior and Antonia Minor, brother to Germanicus in Lugdunum (Lyon). His family kept him from public sight because of physical and (slight) mental impairment following either a nervous affliction or premature birth. As a young man, he devoted himsel…
Date:
2016-02-22
