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Organization of Islamic Cooperation

(1,908 words)

Author(s): T. Jeremy Gunn
The Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) (until 2011, the Organization of the Islamic Conference) has 57 member states (including Syria, which was suspended in 2012), making it the second-largest intergovernmental organization after the United Nations. The member states are mostly Muslim-majority countries throughout the world. India, the country with the third-largest Muslim population, is not a member. The OIC was founded in 1969 in Rabat, Morocco, in response to an arsonist’s attack on A…

Saudi Arabia

(7,137 words)

Author(s): T. Jeremy Gunn
Laws and practices pertaining to religion in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia vary significantly from those of all other states in the world. Because the role of state Islam is so encompassing—extending well beyond written laws and judicial decisions—it is important to emphasize Saudi Arabia’s history in order to better understand the basic elements of law and religion in the Kingdom as they operate in the 21st century. Because Saudi Arabia offers virtually no protections for the individual freedom o…

League of Arab States

(1,514 words)

Author(s): T. Jeremy Gunn
The League of Arab States (Arab League) is an intergovernmental organization consisting of 22 states (including Syria, whose membership was suspended in 2011) that is based in Cairo, Egypt. It was founded by six states in Cairo in 1945, shortly before the end of World War II. Its original members were Egypt, Syria, Lebanon, Transjordan (now Jordan), Iraq, Saudi Arabia, and the Kingdom of Yemen. It now includes all states bordering on the southern and eastern Mediterranean shores, from Morocco to…

Morocco

(4,859 words)

Author(s): Amal Idrissi | T. Jeremy Gunn
I. Social Facts The population of the Kingdom of Morocco is approximately 34 million. Officially, more than 99.9% of Moroccan citizens are Sunni Muslim of the Malikite school of jurisprudence ( madhhab) and the Asharite school of theology ( akeeda). There is a small Moroccan Jewish population (approximately 2,000 persons) and a Shia Muslim population (approximately 400). Officially, there are no Moroccan citizens who are Christian, although there are widely ranging unofficial estimates that between 4,000 and 60,000 Moroccans secretly…