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[German Version] I. General – II. Antiquity – III. Late Antiquity to the Modern Period – IV. Present I. General Cyprus, Gk Κύπρος/“copper island,” is a state in the eastern Mediterranean that occupies the island by the same name located c. 100 km off the coast of Syria and 65 km off the coast of Turkey. In the north lies the Pentadaktilos mountain range reaching an altitude of 1024 m; to the south extends the central fertile plain, the Messaria, the chief agricultural region of …