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[English version] Dieser Ort ist auf folgenden Karten verzeichnet: Boiotia, Boiotoi (Σκῶλος). Siedlung in Boiotia (Hom. Il. 2,498: kṓmē), südl. vom h. Neochorakion, nördl. des Asopos [2] (Paus. 9,4,4; Funde von myk. bis röm. Zeit [2; 4; 5; 6; 7], anders [1; 8]; Verlagerung 395 v. Chr.: [3]). S. lag im Gebiet von Thebai, zeitweilig auch von Plataiai (Strab. 9,2,23 f.; als pólis nur bei Steph. Byz. s. v. Σ.). S. gehörte einem von Thebai abhängigen Bezirk des Boiotischen Bundes an, seine Bevölkerung wurde 431 nach Thebai evakuiert (Hell. Oxyrh. 19,3,387; 20…

[English version] (Τευμησσός). Ort bzw. Berg in Boiotia (Hom. h. ad Apollinem 224), h. Mesovuni; ca. 7 km nö von Thebai [2] ([2. 212-217]; anders [4. 96-98]: ca. 4 km sö hiervon bei der Gemarkung Soula am h. Paliobouna) am Weg nach Chalkis [1] (Paus. 9,19,1); Heiligtum der Athena Telchinia ohne Kultbild [3] bezeugt; vgl. Strab. 9,2,24; Steph. Byz. s. v. T., weitere Quellen bei [1]. Fell, Martin Bibliography 1 C. Fiehn, s. v. T., RE 5 A, 1134 f. 2 Fossey 3 Schachter, Bd. 1, 129; Bd. 3, 40 4 P. W. Wallace, Strabo's Description of Boiotia, 1979.

[English version] (Τιλφώσ(σ)ιον, Τιλφούσιον/ Tilphúsion). Der Nordteil (bis über 1000 m H) des östl. Helikon [1] zw. Haliartos und Koroneia. Nordöstl. von Alalkomenai [1] an der Kuppe Petra (ant. T.) ein die wichtigste mittelgriech. West-Ost-Route kontrollierender Engpaß. Hier die Quelle Tilphusa [1. Bd. 2, 222-224; Bd. 3, 60-62] und das Grab des Teiresias (Athen. 2,41e; Apollod. 3,7,3) [1. Bd. 3, 38 f.], desgleichen ein im 3. Heiligen Krieg umkämpftes Kastell (Demosth. or. 19,141; 19,148). Am T. Heiligtümer des Apollon Tilphossios [1. Bd. 1, 76 f.] und der Praxidíkai (Praxi…

[English version] (Τράφεια). Polis in Boiotia (Nik. Ther. 887-889), für ihr Zuchtvieh bekannt (Steph. Byz. s. v. T.), entweder an der Mündung der vereinigten Flüsse Ismenos und Thespios in die SO-Bucht der Hylike, wo es eine ausgedehnte Siedlung gab [1. 244-246], oder auf dem jenseitigen Ufer beim Kastron des h. Hylike [2. 2222]. Fell, Martin Bibliography 1 Fossey 2 E. Kirsten, s. v. T., RE 6 A, 2221-2223.

[English version] Dieser Ort ist auf folgenden Karten verzeichnet: Orakel (Τέγυρα, Τεγύρα). Ort in Boiotia nördl. von Orchomenos [1] an der NW-Bucht der Kopais beim h. Poligira (Name einer Flur und eines Baches) etwa 2 km nördl. vom h. Dionisos (früher Tsamali; [1. 45-50; 3. 323, 325-328; 4. 104-109]; ein älterer Ansatz vermutet T. bei Aspledon, s. [2. 360-373]). Hier siegte Pelopidas 375 v. Chr. über zwei spartanische mórai ( móra [1]). Bei T.: Tempel des Apollon und Orakel (nach den Perserkriegen [1] geschlossen) [5. 75]. Quellen: Plut. …

[English version] Dieser Ort ist auf folgenden Karten verzeichnet: Attika | Bildung | Boiotia, Boiotoi | Getreidehandel, Getreideimport | Makedonia, Makedones | Mykenische Kultur und Archäologie | Pompeius (Τάναγρα). Stadt in Ost-Boiotia auf dem östl. Ausläufer des Kerykeion-Gebirges nördl. der Mündung des Laris in den Asopos [2], ca. 4,5 km sö des h. T. (ehemals Vratsi). Die umfangreichen Überreste sind nicht systematisch ergraben [1; 6]. Die myk. Siedlung und die Nekropole bei Vratsi mit vielen aufwendigen Bestattungen n…

[English version] (Σόλλιον). Urspr. korinthische Siedlung (Thuk. 2,30,1: πόλισμα; Steph. Byz. s. v. Σ.: πολίχνιον) mit Hafen im Bereich der östl. von Leukas gelegenen Plagia-Halbinsel, nicht lokalisiert (Vorschläge: [1. 21 f.]). Erwähnt nur anläßlich der Einnahme durch die Athener 431 v. Chr., nach der S. dauerhaft Palairos angeschlossen wurde (Thuk. 2,30,1; 5,30,2). Fell, Martin Bibliography 1 M. Schoch, Beitr. zur Top. Akarnaniens in klass. und hell. Zeit, 1997. Chr. Wacker, Palairos, 1999, 47-54.

[English version] (Θούριον). Bergzug (511 m H) in West-Boiotia zw. Lebadeia und Chaironeia; h. Th. In einer Senke am NW-Rand Tempel des Apollon Thurios [1. 383 f.; 2. 43 f.]. Zum Orthopagos (Plut. Sulla 17,4; h. Hagios Demetrios), dem nw Abschnitt des Th., gehört der über Chaironeia aufsteigende Petrachos (Paus. 9,41,6), wo im 1. Mithradatischen Krieg Cornelius [I 90] Sulla über Archelaos [4] siegte (86 v. Chr.; Plut. Sulla 17,4-19,5; Paus. 9,40,7). Fell, Martin Bibliography 1 Fossey 2 Schachter 1. S. Lauffer, Kopais, Bd. 1, 1986, 145-147  J. Camp u. a., A Trophy from th…

[German version] (Γραία/ Graía, Γραῖα/ Graīa). A settlement in Boeotia mentioned in the Homeric catalogue of ships (Il. 2,498), located between Oropus and Tanagra. Its location was probably known as far back as the archaic period but then lost. There were already several identifications in antiquity; possibly located on the Boeotian coast of the Euboean Gulf west of Oropus. References: Str. 9,2,10; Paus. 9,20,1; Steph. Byz. s.v. Γ., s.v. Ὠρωπός. Fell, Martin (Münster) Bibliography H. Beister, Auf der Suche nach dem homer. G. in Böotien, in: E. Olshausen (ed.), Stuttgarter Kolloq…

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Oracles | Boeotia, Boeotians (Ὑηττός; Hyēttós). A city in Boeotia north of the Copais, northeast of Orchomenus, east of modern Loutsi; localized by inscriptions for Septimius Severus and Caracalla (IG VII 2833f.). Settled at least from the archaic to the Byzantine periods, bishop's seat in the 5th and 6th cents. AD. Numerous remains, rich epigraphical material (IG VII and [1]). Member of the Boeotian League, provided two Boeotarchs in the 5th/4th cents. BC together with Orchomenus (Hell. Oxy. 19,3,390: Ὑσιαῖοι/ Hysiaîoi)…

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Punic Wars (Φοινίκη; Phoiníkē). Polis of Epeirotic Chaones near modern Finiq (Albania), on a hill protruding steeply out of the Bistrica Valley and stretching from the north-west to the south-east, c. 5 km north-east of the harbour of Onchesmus that belongs to it, c. 17 km north of Buthrotum. Settlement is evidenced from the 5th cent. BC to the Byzantine period [1. 219ff.]. P. appears in the 4th cent. BC on theōrodókoi lists from Epidaurus (IG IV2 1,95,29) and Argos (SEG 23, 189 I 12). After the fall of the kingdom …

[German version] (Θούριον; Thoúrion). Chain of mountains (511 m high) in western Boeotia between Lebadea and Chaeronea; modern T. In a depression on the northwestern edge there is a temple to Apollo Thourios [1. 383 f.; 2. 43 f.]. Part of the Orthopagus (Plut. Sulla 17,4; modern Agios Demetrios), the northwestern section of the T., and rising above Chaeronea (Paus. 9,41,6) is Petrachus, where Cornelius [I 90] Sulla was victorious over Archelaus [4] in the first of the Mithridatic Wars (86 BC; Plut. Sulla 17,4-19,5; Paus. 9,40,7). Fell, Martin (Münster) Bibliography 1 Fossey 2 Sch…

[German version] (Ἴσος; Ísos). Location uncertain, at the time of Strabo already a desolate area (ἴχνη πόλεως, Str. 9,2,14) near Anthedon in Boeotia. Vestiges at the north-east end of Lake Paralimni can probably be identified as I. ([1. 457f.; 2. 257-261], contrastingly [3. 62f.]). Fell, Martin (Münster) Bibliography 1 F. Noack, Arne, in: MDAI(A) 19, 1894, 405-485 2 Fossey 3 P. W. Wallace, Strabo's Description of Boiotia 1979.

[German version] (Τευμησσός; Teumēssós). Town or mountain in Boeotia (Hom. h. ad Apollinem 224), modern Mesovouni; about 7 km to the northeast of Thebae [2] ([2. 212-217]; contra [4. 96-98]: about 4 km to the southeast of this near the district of Soula on the modern Paliobouna) on the route to Chalcis [1] (Paus. 9,19,1); evidence of a sanctuary of Athena Telchinia without cult image [3]; cf. Str. 9,2,24; Steph. Byz. s. v. T., further sources in [1]. Fell, Martin (Münster) Bibliography 1 C. Fiehn, s. v. T., RE 5 A, 1134 f. 2 Fossey 3 Schachter, vol. 1, 129; vol. 3, 40 4 P. W. Wallace,…

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Macedonia, Macedones | Boeotia, Boeotians (Αὐλίς; Aulís). Boeotian coastal town on the Euboean Gulf, c. 3 km south of Euripus; with Artemis sanctuary. In the north of A. lies a smaller, in the south, c. 1 km away, a larger bay (βαθὺς λιμήν, bathỳs limḗn). In the epic tradition, the collection point of the Greeks for the journey to Troy and the place where Agamemnon sacrificed his daughter  Iphigenia to Artemis to ensure favourable winds for the journey. In 396 BC, demonstrative starting…

[German version] (Τράφεια; Trápheia). Polis in Boeotia (Nic. Ther. 887-889), known for cattle breeding (Steph. Byz. s. v. T.), either where the combined Rivers Ismenus and Thespius flow into the southeastern bay of Hylice, where there was an extensive settlement [1. 244-246], or on the other bank at the kastron of modern Hylike [2. 2222]. Fell, Martin (Münster) Bibliography 1 Fossey 2 E. Kirsten, s. v. T., RE 6 A, 2221-2223.

[German version] (Πτώιον/ Ptṓion, Πτῷον/ Ptôion, Πτῶν/ Ptôn). Mountain range in north-eastern Boeotia, stretching east of Lake Copais to the Gulf of Euboea (cf. Boeotia, map), height in the east reaching 781 m (Petalás), in the west the main massif at 725 m (Hagia Pelagia). Below this to the west, at the crossing of important pass roads by the powerful spring of Perdikovrysi near Acraephia, was the sanctuary of Apollo Ptoios, whose oracle was said never to lie (Paus. 9,23,7). Ptous was the name of a lo…

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Acarnanians, Acarnania | Grain Trade, Grain Import (Πάλαιρος; Pálairos). City in western Acarnania, to the east of Leucas (Str. 10,2,21) on a mountain spur of the mostly impassable peninsula of Plagia, which at the time P. was at its zenith predominantly belonged to its territory; the name is Illyrian. The citadel in the modern district of Kechropoula (epigraphical identification: [2]) commands the fertile plain of Zaverda (modern P.) to the east and the south. In 431 BC the Corinthian town (πόλισμα/ pólisma) of Sollium and…

[German version] (Κωπαίς; Kōpaís). Northern Boeotian basin, formerly with a lake that had no drain above ground. The rivers  Cephis(s)us [1] (therefore Κηφισίς ( Kēphisís), Hom. Il. 5,709; Paus. 9,24,1) and Melas as well as the streams and revmata from the surrounding mountains flowed into it. It was named after the city of  Copae on the north-eastern shore; the existence of different regional parts named after the main cities along the shore is documented [2. 16]. The area of the C. plain comprised c. 350 km2, the expansion of the lake had strong seasonal variations and did not exceed c. 2…

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Grain Trade, Grain Import | Macedonia, Macedones | Mycenaean culture and archaeology | Pompeius | Attica | Education / Culture | Boeotia, Boeotians (Τάναγρα/ Tánagra). City in east Boeotia on the eastern foothills of the Ceryceum mountains, north of the point where the Laris flowed into the Asopus [2], c. 4,5 km southeast of modern T. (formerly Vratsi). The extensive remains have not been systematically excavated [1; 6]. The Mycenaean settlement and the necropolis near Vratsi, with its many la…