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(1939-1968), teacher, social critic, folklorist, translator, and short story writer. A version of this article is available in print Volume IV, Fascicle 1, pp. 110-111 BEHRANGĪ, ṢAMAD, teacher, social critic, folklorist, translator, and short story writer. Born in mid-1939 into a lower-class Turkish-speaking family in Tabrīz, Behrangī completed elementary school and three years of secondary school and then attended the local teacher training school for grade schools, from which he received a certificate in 1957. Later, …

(The blind owl), the chef d’ɶuvre of Ṣādeq Hedāyat (1903-51) and one of the first major modernist Persian novels. A version of this article is available in print Volume IV, Fascicle 5, pp. 509-511 BŪF-E KŪR (The blind owl), the chef d’ɶuvre of Ṣādeq Hedāyat (1281-1330 Š./1903-51) and one of the first major modernist Persian novels. Būf-e kūr was first distributed from Bombay in a stenciled edition in the author’s hand at his expense in late 1315 Š./1936 or early 1937. Hedāyat had presumably finished writing the novel during residence of less than a year there. Būf-e kūr was serialized in a …

(1830-1875), a translator of Ḥāfeẓ. Some of his metered and rhymed translations replicate, or at least giving the impression of, Persian monorhyme patterns. A version of this article is available in print Volume IV, Fascicle 3, pp. 236 BICKNELL, HERMAN (1830-75), a translator of Ḥāfeẓ. Born at Herne Hill, Surrey, England, on 2 April 1830, Bicknell was educated at Paris, Hannover, and London’s University College and St. Bartholomew’s Hospital. After taking a medical degree at the Royal College of Surgeons in 1854, he served in the ar…

(Hedāyat, Ṣādeq), the eminent fiction writer (1903-1951), who had a vast influence on the next generation of Persian writers. A version of this article is available in print Volume XII, Fascicle 2, pp. 121-135 HEDAYAT, SADEQ (Hedāyat, Ṣādeq), the eminent fiction writer (b. Tehran, 28 Bahman 1281 Š./17 February 1903; d. Paris, 19 Farvardin 1330 Š./9 April 1951), had a vast influence on the next generation of Persian writers. HEDAYAT, SADEQ i. LIFE AND WORK Sadeq Hedayat (Figure 1) was the youngest child of Hedā-yatqoli Khan Eʿteżād-al-Molk, the notable literary historia…