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Abū l-Qāsim ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥasan ibn Hibat Allāh Ibn ʿAsākir Date of Birth: 13 September 1105 Place of Birth: Damascus Date of Death: 25 January 1176 Place of Death: Damascus Biography Abū l-Qāsim ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥasan Ibn ʿAsākir is the most notable figure of the Sunnī ʿAsākir family, whose members occupied prestigious scholarly positions in Damascus for more than two centuries (11th-13th centuries). Ibn ʿAsākir was born in 1105. He started his pursuit of religious education at a very young age, accompanying his father and elder brother to the teaching circles …

, the name of the members of the Banū ʿAsākir family, eminent figures who for almost two centuries, from 470 to 660/1077-1261, held an important position in the history of the town of Damascus and produced a dynasty of S̲h̲āfiʿī scholars. Among the most illustrious members of this remarkable family it is fitting to mention al-Ḥasan b. Hibat Allāh, who was born in 470/1077 and died at Damascus in 519/1125. A grammarian and juris-consult of note, he allied himself by marriage to the family of the Banū Kurās̲h̲ī, which traced its ancestry back to the Umayyads and which included numerous ḳāḍīs …

, nom des membres de la famille des Banū ʿAsākir, notables qui, pendant près de deux siècles, de 470 à 660/1077-1261, tinrent dans l’histoire de la ville de Damas une place importante et donnèrent une véritable dynastie de savants s̲h̲āfiʿites. Parmi les plus illustres personnages de cette remarquable famille, il convient de citer al-Ḥasan b. Hibat Allāh, né en 470/1077 et mort à Damas en 519/1125. Grammairien et jurisconsulte de valeur, il s’allia par le mariage à la famille des Banū Kurās̲h̲ī qui remontait aux Umayyades et qui compta un grand nombre de ḳāḍīs et de savants, dont l’hist…

, the name of several Arab authors, of whom the following are the best known. 1. The historian of Damascus, ʿAlī b. al-Ḥasan b. Hibat Allāh Abu ’l-Ḳāsim T̲h̲iḳat al-Dīn al-S̲h̲āfīʿī born in Muḥarram 499 = Sept. 1105 in Damascus, studied in Bag̲h̲dād and the principal cities of Persia, became professor at the Madrasa al-Nūriya in his native city and died on the 11th Rad̲j̲ab = 25th January 1176. In his principal work, the Taʾrīk̲h̲ Madīnat Dimas̲h̲ḳ, he collected, after the fashion of the Taʾrīk̲h̲ Bag̲h̲dād of al-Ḵh̲aṭīb al-Bag̲h̲dādī, the biographies of all the men who had ever…

The Ibn ʿAsākir family (Banū ʿAsākir) was prominent in mediaeval Damascus. It produced several notable Shāfiʿī scholars who occupied prestigious scholarly and judicial positions in Damascus and Syria and shaped intellectual and religious life there between the fifth/eleventh and eighth/fourteenth centuries. Even though each male member of the family was known by the name of Ibn ʿAsākir (along with an honorific peculiar to each), the reference when used on its own in mediaeval literature refers inva…

In Band XIV: Antropogeographie, Teil 1, Gesamt- und Ländergeographie, Stadt- und Regionalgeographie previous section IBN ABĪ ṮĀBIT AL-A'RAĞ Abū Zakarīyāʾ'Abdal'azīz b. 'Imrān b. 'Abdal'azīz Ibn Abī Ṯābit az-Zuhrī al-Madīnī, Historiker und Traditionarier – als solcher galt er als schwach – war auch dichterisch begabt. Ibn an-Nadīm (S. 108) bezeichnet ihn als Verfasser von Büchern, von denen er jedoch nur das K. al-Aḥlāf namentlich nennt. Zahlreiche Zitate von 'Umar b. Šabba und Ibrāhīm al-Ḥarbī lassen vermuten, daß sie auf ein Werk über Medina von Ibn Abī …

[see ibn ʿasākir ].

[Voir Ibn ʿAsākir ].

, Abu ’l-Farad̲j̲ ʿAlī b. al-Ḥusayn al-Kātib , secretary of the chancery, man of letters, poet and physician, a native of Rayy but educated at Nis̲h̲āpūr, where he was introduced to Greek science. He belonged at first to the dīwān of ʿAḍud al-Dawla, for whom he wrote a number of letters; he appears at Arrad̲j̲ān in 354/965 during the visit of al-Mutanabbi, and he seems to have remained in the service of the Buwayhids until his death, probably in 410/1019 rather than 420/1029. In addition to a Dīwān , which is in part preserved in later anthologies, he was the …

, Abū Bakr Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan b. Fūrak al-Anṣārī al-Iṣbahānī , As̲h̲ʿarite theologian and traditionist, was born about 330/941, perhaps in Ispahan. In ʿIrāḳ, both at Basra and at Baghdad, he studied As̲h̲ʿarite kalām under Abu ’l-Ḥasan al-Bāhilī along with al-Bāḳillānī [ q.v.] and al-Isfarāʾinī [ q.v.], and also traditions under ʿAbd Allāh b. Ḏj̲aʿfar al-Iṣbahānī. From ʿIrāḳ he went to Rayy, then to Nis̲h̲āpūr, where a madrasa was built for him beside the k̲h̲ānḳāh of the ṣūfī al-Būs̲h̲and̲j̲ī. He was in Nīs̲h̲āpūr before the death of the ṣūfī Abū ʿUt̲h̲mān …

, Abū l-Farad̲j̲ ʿAlī b. al-Ḥusayn al-Kātib, secrétaire de chancellerie, homme de lettres, poète et médecin, originaire de Rayy, mais élevé à Nīs̲h̲āpūr, où il s’était initié à la science grecque. Il appartint d’abord au dīwān de ʿAḍud al-dawla, pour qui il écrivit un certain nombre de correspondances; on le trouve à Arrad̲j̲ān en 354/965, au moment de la visite d’al-Mutanabbī, et il semble ¶ être resté au service des Buwayhides jusqu’à sa mort, survenue sans doute plutôt en 410/1019 qu’en 420/1029. En plus d’un Dīwān en partie conservé dans des anthologies postérieures, il est …

, al-Ḥusayn b. Muṭayr b. Mukammil al-Asadī , Arabic poet of the 2nd/8th century. A mawlā of the Banū Asad (following the manumission or the mukātaba [ q.v.] of his grandfather Mukammil), he was a native of al-T̲h̲aʿlabiyya [ q.v.]; from there he seems to have travelled around in the Arabian peninsula and to have gone in particular to Medina, where he appears on one occasion with the governor of the town; he may even have had the opportunity of reciting poems before al-Walīd b. Yazīd; but his fortune dates from his stay in the Yemen, where he entered the entourage of Maʿn b. Zāʾida [ q.v.], governor …

, Zain al-Dīn Abu ’l-Ḥusain Yaḥyā b. [ʿAbd al-]Muʿṭī b. ʿAbd al-Nūr al-Zawāwī al-Mag̲h̲ribī, known as Ibn Muʿṭī, was born in 564 (1168-9), He studied grammar and law in Algiers with Abū Mūsā al-Ḏj̲azūlī and then went to the east. He spent a very long time in Damascus, where he studied under the traditionist Ibn ʿAsāḳir and then taught grammar there. To earn a livelihood he also acted as a s̲h̲āhid. When the Aiyūbid al-Malik al-Kāmil visited the Syrian capital, he invited him to follow him to Egypt and appointed him professor of literature at the ʿAmr mosque in Cairo. Here he died on Monday the 30th …

, the author of a work on the Raids ( mag̲h̲āzī [ q.v.]), used by such later authors as Ibn Sayyid al-Nās and al-D̲h̲ahabī. His given name was Muḥammad. His kunya is variously given as Abū ʿAbd Allāh or Abū Aḥmad, and his grandfather’s name as Saʿīd or ʿAbd al-Raḥmān. Born in Damascus in 150/767, he died there on Thursday, 25 Rabīʿ II 233/8 December 847 (or in D̲h̲u ’l-Ḥid̲j̲d̲j̲a 232/July-August 847, or in 234/848), having been the tax collector for the G̲h̲ūṭa under al-Maʾmūn. As a historian, he stand…

, ʿAbīd/ʿUbayd al-D̲j̲urhumī , sage and antiquary, frequently cited as a relater of quasi-historical traditions. The form of his name is not certain. The manuscripts appear to vacillate between ʿAbīd and ʿUbayd. ʿUmayr occurs by mistake (Ibn al-At̲h̲īr, Usd al-g̲h̲āba , Būlāḳ 1286, iii, 351; Ibn Ḥad̲j̲ar, Iṣāba , Calcutta 1856-73, iii, 201). The form S̲h̲arya is confirmed by the metre (cf. O. Löfgren, Ein Hamdānī-Fund , Uppsala Universitets Årsskrift , vii (1935), 24; al-Hamdānī, Iklīl , ed. O. Löfgren, Uppsala 1954, 6). However, Ibn Ḥad̲j̲ar advoc…

, Abū Bakr Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan b. Fūrak al-Anṣārī al-Iṣbahānī, théologien et traditionniste as̲h̲ʿarite, naquit vers 330/941, peut-être à Ispahan. Il étudia le kalām as̲h̲ʿarite au ʿIrāḳ, à Baṣra et à Bag̲h̲dād, sous la direction d’Abū l-Ḥasan al-Bāhilī, en même temps qu’al-Bāḳillāni [ q.v.] et al-Isfarāyīnī [ q.v.], ainsi que les traditions avec ʿAbd Allāh b. Ḏj̲aʿfar al-Iṣbahānī. Il quitta le ʿIrāḳ pour Rayy, puis pour Nīs̲h̲āpūr, où une madrasa fut construite pour lui près de la k̲h̲ānḳāh du Ṣūfī al-Būs̲h̲and̲j̲ī; il se trouvait à Nīs̲h̲āpūr avant la mort du Ṣūfī Abū…

, al-Ḥusayn b. Muṭayr b. Mukammil al-Asadī, poète arabe du IIe/VIIIe siècle. Mawlā des Banū Asad (à la suite de l’affranchissement ou de la mukātaba [ q.v.] de son grand-père Mukammil), il était originaire d’al-T̲h̲aʿlabiyya [ q.v]; de là, il semble avoir circulé dans la péninsule Arabique et s’être rendu notamment à Médine, où on le trouve une fois auprès du gouverneur de la ville; peut-être même eut-il l’occasion de réciter des vers devant al-Walīd b. Yazīd, mais sa fortune date de son séjour au Yémen, où il s’attacha à Maʿn b. Zāʾida [ q.v.], gouverneur de cette province de 141 à 151/…

, ʿAbīd/ʿUbayd al-Ḏj̲urhumī, sage du passé et transmetteur présumé de légendes historiques. On n’est pas sûr de la forme de son nom: les manuscrits semblent hésiter entre ʿAbīd et ʿUbayd, et l’on trouve aussi, erronément, ʿUmayr (Ibn al-At̲h̲īr, Usd al-g̲h̲āba, Būlāḳ 1286, III, 351; Ibn Ḥad̲j̲ar, Iṣāba, Calcutta 1856-73, III, 201). La forme S̲h̲arya est confirmée par le mètre d’un vers (cf. O. Löfgren, Ein Hamdānī-Fund, Uppsala Universitets Ȧrsskrift, VII (1935), 24; Hamdānī, Iklīl, éd. Löfgren, Uppsala 1954, 6), mais Ibn Ḥad̲j̲ar penche pour S̲h̲ariyya; on trouve ég…

Abū Bakr Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan Ibn Fūrak al-Iṣfahānī (d. 406/1015–6) was an important proponent of the early Ashʿarī school of theology and a Shāfiʿī legal scholar. Judging from his nisba, he was probably from the city of Isfahan. Ibn Fūrak’s theological training began in Baghdad, under the tutelage of a direct disciple of Abū l-Ḥasan al-Ashʿarī (d. 324/935–6), the little known Abū l-Ḥasan al-Bāhilī (fl. fourth/tenth century), who also instructed Abū Isḥāq al-Isfarāyīnī (d. 418/1027) and Abū Bakr al-Bāqillānī (d. 403/1013), …

Abū ʿAbdallāh Muḥammad b. Khafīf b. Isfakshādh (Iskafshādh) al-Ḍabbī al-Shīrāzī (c.268–371/882–982), known as Ibn Khafīf, was a Ṣūfī, ascetic, and prolific writer of Shirazi origin with an Ashʿarī orientation. By virtue of his many encounters with the great masters, his immense achievements, and his long life, he was considered the “seal of Ṣūfism” ( khātam al-ṣūfiyya; Junayd, 38–9). 1. Life His mother was of Nīshāpūrī descent, and his father, mostly absent, served as a Daylamī commander in the army of the Ṣaffārid ʿAmr b. Layth (r. 265–87/879–900) (al-Daylamī, Sīrat, 9) (the Ṣaffā…