Villani, Ugo Keywords: United Nations | Regional organisations | Peace keeping | Mots clefs: Nations Unies | Organisations régionales | Maintien de la paix | ABSTRACT Professor Ugo Villani, Professor at the University of Bari, starts from the observation that as far as international organizations are concerned, the question of the search for balance between a “universal” dimension and a “regional” dimension was raised immediately at the birth of the first organization intended to guarantee peace between States: the Leagu…

Pinto, Mónica Keywords: United Nations | Security Council | Charter | Use of force | International relations | Self-defence | International Court of Justice | Case-law | Mots clefs: Nations Unies | Conseil de sécurité | Chartre | Force | Relations internationales | Défense légitime | Cour internationale de Justice | Jurisprudence | ABSTRACT The course of Mrs. Monica Pinto, Professor at the University of Buenos Aires, proposes to retrace the history of the characterizations of the use of force in the light of the jurisprudence of international court…

Klein, Pierre Keywords: United Nations | Terrorism | International peace and security | International politics | Use of force | International relations | Human rights | Mots clefs: Nations Unies | Terrorisme | Sécurité internationale | Politique internationale | Force | Relations internationales | Droits de l'homme | ABSTRACT Pierre Klein, Professor at the Université libre de Bruxelles, begins his course by identifying the very notion of terrorism to report on the impact of terrorism on international law. He then takes a step backward and plac…

Daillier, Patrick Keywords: United Nations | Armed conflicts | Intervention | Peacekeeping | Peacebuilding | North Atlantic Treaty Organization | Mots clefs: Nations Unies | Conflits armés | Intervention | Maintien de la paix | Construction de la paix | Organisation du Traité de l'Atlantique Nord | ABSTRACT Multinational peacemaking operations following armed conflicts, the subject of the course of Patrick Daillier, Professor at the University of Paris X - Nanterre, cover a number of different realities under the same name. To prove that this…

Ténékidès, Georges Keywords: United Nations | Racial discrimination | Mots clefs: Nations Unies | Discrimination raciale | ABSTRACT The course of Georges Tenekides, a member of the European Commission of human rights and the UN Committee for elimination of all forms of racial discrimination, is fundamentally the result of his experience in the Committee of United Nations for the elimination of all forms of racial discrimination, supplemented by a critical and multidisciplinary analysis. After the indispensable pr…

Boutros-Ghali, Boutros Keywords: United Nations | Economic development | Peacekeeping | Mots clefs: Nations Unies | Développement économique | Maintien de la paix | ABSTRACT Boutros Boutros-Ghali explains in the introduction of his opening lecture that international law is subject to internal conflicts in three areas: conflict between urgency and duration, between unilateralism and multilateralism, and between positive order and prospective order. Mr. Boutros-Ghali concludes his lecture by explaining that sometimes will…

Liu, Fou-Tchin Keywords: United Nations | International police | Mots clefs: Nations Unies | Police internationale | ABSTRACT In this discourse, Fou-Tchin Liu, Former United Nations Assistant-Secretary-General for Special Political Affairs, draws attention to the importance and limitations of UN peace-keeping operations in a bipolarized world. However, by way of encouragement and conclusion, he points out that the Treaty of Paris of 1783, which has enabled reconciliation between Great Britain and the United State…

Thierry, Hubert Keywords: International Court of Justice | United Nations | Resolutions | Mots clefs: Cour internationale de Justice | Nations Unies | Résolutions | ABSTRACT Hubert Thierry, Professor at the University of Paris X-Nanterre, emphasizes in the introduction to his course that the jurisprudence of the International Court of Justice should be recognized as the authority for judicial interpretation of law on behalf of the international community, and to affirm that this is a privileged source of knowledge of int…

Simma, Bruno Keywords: Bilateralism | International obligations | International law | United Nations | Charter | International community | Constitutionalism | Mots clefs: Bilatéralisme | Obligations internationales | Droit international | Nations Unies | Charte | Communauté internationale | Constitutionnalisme | ABSTRACT Earlier, traditional international law was left entirely in the hands of sovereign States, predicated on their bilateral legal relations. However, now, community interest has permeated the body of international law. In …

Herndl, Kurt Keywords: United Nations | Security Council | Mots clefs: Nations Unies | Conseil de sécurité | ABSTRACT Kurt Herndl, UN Deputy Secretary-General for Human Rights, intends to comment in his course on the role, functions, and procedures of the UN Security Council in the light of his practice, from an essentially pragmatic point of view and taking into account the most recent developments. After some reflections on the collective security system, the author studies the Security Council as a collective b…

Sicilianos, Linos-Alexandre Keywords: United Nations | Security Council | Charter | Use of force | International relations | Collective security | Mots clefs: Nations Unies | Conseil de sécurité | Charte | Force | Relations internationales | Sécurité collective | ABSTRACT In the introduction to his course, Linos-Alexandre Sicilianos, Associate Professor at the University of Athens, notes that the theme of the Security Council's authorization to use force lies at the centre of two contradictory trends that mark contemporary evolution of…

Antonio Pastor Ridruejo, José Keywords: United Nations | Human rights | Mots clefs: Nations Unies | Droits de l homme | ABSTRACT In this course, José Antonio Pastor Ridruejo examines the interplay of politics and law in the special public procedures initiated by the United Nations Commission on Human Rights, through a comprehensive approach of harmoniously integrating the data provided in addition to the legal sciences through political science and the data of international relations. The author thus examines the ins…

Arangio-Ruiz, Gaetano Keywords: United Nations | Judicial competence | International law and domestic law | League of Nations | Public international law | Mots clefs: Droit international public | Nations Unies | Droit international et droit interne | Société des Nations | Compétence étatique | ABSTRACT General Course on Public International Law by Gaetano Arangio-Ruiz, Professor at the University of Rome, focuses on the notion of domestic jurisdiction as a limit to the activity of international legal and political bodies. However, it also t…

Crawford, James Keywords: Obligations of the state | Public international law | Development of international law | Ius cogens | International Law Commission | State responsibility | United Nations | Charter | International Court of Justice | Mots clefs: Obligations des états | Droit international public | Développement du droit international | Jus cogens | Commission du droit international | Responsabilité des Etats | Nations Unies | Charte | Cour internationale de Justice | ABSTRACT The author, director of the Lauterpacht Center for International Law, examines in this…

Bennouna, Mohamed Keywords: United Nations | Economic sanctions | Mots clefs: Nations Unies | Sanctions économiques | ABSTRACT In the introduction to his course, Mohamed Bennouna, Permanent Representative of Morocco to the United Nations, points out that the economic sanction immediately brings us to face a very delicate question of the relationship between security, freedoms and social rights. The problem is that of the head office: What can one do to bring down the master of the house and starve the whole city …

Ermacora, Felix Keywords: United Nations | Ethnic minorities | Minorities | Mots clefs: Nations Unies | Minorités ethniques | ABSTRACT Felix Ermacora, Professor at the University of Vienna, devotes his course to the protection of minorities before the United Nations. After a historical overview of the protection of minorities from the inter-war period, the author presents a dogmatic approach to the problems of minorities before the United Nations: the problem of defining the concept of minority, the problem of the …

Pelichet, Michel Keywords: United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (Vienna, 11 April 1980) | United Nations | Sale | Contracts | Mots clefs: Convention des Nations Unies sur les contrats de vente internationale de marchandises [Vienne, 11 avril 1980] | Nations Unies | Vente | Contrats | ABSTRACT The main subject of the course by Michel Pelichet, Deputy Secretary-General of the Hague Conference on Private International Law, is the study of the 1986 Hague Convention, which is presented as a revision of the 1955 Con…