Ehrlich, Ludwik Keywords: International law | Legal history | Mots clefs: Droit international | Histoire du droit | ABSTRACT Ludwik Ehrlich explains that the science of international law is a positive science, which means that it deals with facts and not with inferences drawn from a priori accepted principle. The phenomena studied by the science of international law are the facts related to the establishment and application of the rules of international law. The author presents the science of international law by …

T. Oliver, Covey Keywords: International law | Legal history | Law of treaties | Mots clefs: Droit international | Histoire du droit | Droit des traités | ABSTRACT Covey T. Oliver begins his course on the Contemporary Problems of the Treaty Law with a presentation of the treaties and the law of treaties in public international law as it appeared in 1955. He then studies the contemporary problems of the treaty law in relation to national law and international law. He then examines the effects of the treaties on developments…

Goyau, Georges Keywords: Holy See | International law | Catholicism | Mots clefs: Saint-Siège | Droit international | Catholicisme | ABSTRACT In this course, Georges Goyau studies the relations between the Catholic Church and international law. After a first chapter devoted to the primitive Church, the evangelical counsels of non-resistance to evil, and the Augustinian doctrine of just war, the author presents the initiatives of the medieval Church in the field of war. The author then focuses on the international ro…

A. Fatouros, Arghyrios Keywords: Energy | Legal regime | International law | State contracts | Energy Charter Treaty (Lisbon, 17 December 1994) | Mots clefs: Energie | Régime juridique | Droit international | Contrats d'Etat | Traité de la charte de l'énergie (Lisbonne, 17 décembre 1994) | ABSTRACT Arghyrios A. Fatouros, Professor Emeritus of the University of Athens, presents his course on the international legal framework for energy as an experiment. He aims to determine whether and to what extent it is possible to account in terms of law, …

Dr. A. Verdross, le Keywords: Aliens | International law | Mots clefs: Etrangers | Droit international | ABSTRACT After a presentation of the sources and the system of the international law of foreigners, the author examines the issue of the entry of foreigners. The author then presents the general rules on the treatment of foreigners who have entered the territory of the State, and analyzes the special rules on the treatment of foreigners in the economic field. Après une présentation des sources et du système du droit international des étrangers, l'auteur étudie la ques…

Scelle, Georges Keywords: Peace | International law | Mots clefs: Paix | Droit international | ABSTRACT Georges Scelle begins his systematic course on the General Rules of the Law of Peace with a methodological introduction devoted to the postulates of classical international law and to the objections addressed to the postulates of classical international law by realistic criticism. The first part of the course is devoted to the elements of the international legal order: international society, subject of law, a…

Higgins, Rosalyn Keywords: Expropriation | International law | Mots clefs: Expropriation et nationalisation | Droit international | ABSTRACT In this course, Rosalyn Higgins explores recent developments (during writing of the course) in international law with respect to expropriation by the State. In the previous several years, there have been important debates on the issue of compensation for foreign owners. After an examination of the legal concepts concerned by expropriation by the State (particularly the conce…

Thirlway, Hugh Keywords: International law | Mots clefs: Droit international | ABSTRACT Professor Thirlway, Visiting Professor at the University of Bristol, examines in this course how and why it is that international law is different from all other national systems of law. Professor Thirlway starts by describing the reality of international law, and then focuses on the concept of the sources of international law (treaties, customs, and general principles of law). The author then lists some major concepts o…

Landheer, B. Keywords: Sociology | International law | Mots clefs: Sociologie | Droit international | ABSTRACT After a few remarks on the fundamental concepts of sociology, B. Landheer studies the evolution of sociological thinking related to international society and international law. He then focuses on the relations between formal and non-formal structure in international society. He discusses the impact of social change on international society. Finally, the author discusses the likely evolution of group fo…

Simma, Bruno Keywords: Bilateralism | International obligations | International law | United Nations | Charter | International community | Constitutionalism | Mots clefs: Bilatéralisme | Obligations internationales | Droit international | Nations Unies | Charte | Communauté internationale | Constitutionnalisme | ABSTRACT Earlier, traditional international law was left entirely in the hands of sovereign States, predicated on their bilateral legal relations. However, now, community interest has permeated the body of international law. In …

Brierly, James-Leslie Keywords: Peace | International law | Mots clefs: Paix | Droit international | ABSTRACT International law, writes James-Leslie Brierly in his introduction to this course, is based on the negation of the idea that the State is the highest form of human society, and states that States are the associates of a higher community, the Civitas maxima. The author begins his course with a presentation of this international community. He then focuses on the state in the international order, on the legal organization of the international comm…

Djuvara, Mircea Keywords: International law | Mots clefs: Droit international | ABSTRACT Mircea Djuvara, in his course given in 1938, notes that the problem of foundation of international positive legal order has always been a dominant problem of the science of international law, but it is back in the news at a point where force seems to direct international life again. The author thus successively studies international positive legal order, the theory of natural law, scientific positivism, critical positiv…

Truyol y Serra, Antonio Keywords: History | International law | Mots clefs: Histoire | Droit international | ABSTRACT To designate the objective of the course, Antonio Truyol Y Serra refers to a concept borrowed from biology: mutation, which he applies here to the international society. The mutation involves the transition from a plurality of international, specific, or regional societies to a single international society on a global scale. After a presentation of the "European System of States", the author exami…

Merle, Marcel Keywords: Public opinion | International law | Mots clefs: Opinion publique | Droit international | ABSTRACT Marcel Merle, Professor at the Pantheon-Sorbonne University, examines, in this course, what influence public opinion actually has on international law. After a study of the mechanisms by which public opinion influences international law (diversity of expression of public opinion and the objectives of pressure exerted by public opinion), the author examines the results (areas influenced and effectiveness of the intervention). Marcel Merle, professeur à…

Stein, Oswald Keywords: Insurances | International law | Social security | Mots clefs: Assurances | Droit international | Sécurité sociale | ABSTRACT People and communities are driven by a desire for safety. Oswald Stein explains that the desire has never been stronger than this day (1927). Humanity has never seemed more anxious to perceive the dangers, to assure its future. As an indication of civilization or a symptom of decadence, what is this fear of the future; this party to escape the blind play of the laws of …

Piero Sereni, Angelo Keywords: Agency | International law | Mots clefs: Représentation | Droit international | ABSTRACT Angelo Piero Serini begins his course with a presentation of the concept of representation and its application in international law. He then presents the constitutive elements of representation in international law and provides some examples. The author also addresses the issue of the legal nature of the representation in international law, its functioning, and its termination. He also focuses on management of affairs in international law. Angelo Pietro Serin…

Quéneudec, Jean-Pierre Keywords: States | Interested party | International law | Mots clefs: Etats | Intéressé | Droit international | ABSTRACT Jean-Pierre Queneudec, Professor at the University of Paris I, notes in the introduction of his course that the concept of a concerned State, which according to the author needs to be demonstrated empirically, is a concept that allows "to revisit" many aspects of contemporary international law. Whether it concerns international organisations law, interstate relations law, tr…

Cross Dillard, Hardy Keywords: International disputes | Diplomacy | International law | Mots clefs: Différends internationaux | Diplomatie | Droit international | ABSTRACT The objective of Hardy Cross Dillard's course on Some Aspects of Law and Diplomacy is to make an inquiry and to elicit more questions than answers. This survey focuses on the role of law and diplomacy in conflict management. The author is induced to make this inquiry by the decision of the United States Supreme Court on racial discrimination. Le cours de Hardy Cross Dillard sur certains aspects du droit et …

Comte Giorgio Balladore Pallieri, le Keywords: Arbitration | International law | Mots clefs: Arbitrage | Droit international | ABSTRACT Giorgio Balladore Pallieri explains in the introduction to his course that practice in recent times (1934) has marked a very pronounced penchant for arbitration, which it prefers in a growing number of cases to the procedure instituted by the State and taking place before ordinary judges. After presentation of general theories relating to international arbitration, the author focuses on private arbitration in international conventions. Giorgio…

Brüe, Erik Keywords: Denmark | Straits | International law | Great Belt | Mots clefs: Danemark | Détroits | Droit international | Grand-Belt | ABSTRACT Erik Brüel begins his study on the topography, the geographical function, and the political history of the straits. He presents the legal regime of the straits before the First World War, and then the position of the Danish Straits during the same war. The author then presents a few features of the development of fact and law in the post-war period, which may have an influence on the regime of straits. Erik Brüel commence son étude par une …