Search

[German Version] (baptized Jun 29, 1628, Muniesa, province of Teruel, Spain – Dec. 28/29[?], 1696, Rome) studied from 1646 onward at the Jesuit college of Valencia, where he held a benefice in the Church of San Andrés, and was ordained to the priesthood in 1652. Residing in Rome from 1663, Molinos's role as confessor and spiritual adviser in the style of quietist mysticism made him the focus of a large crowd of followers, which also included cardinals and Pope Innocent XI. His Guía espiritual, a major work of Quietism in which he extolled regular contemplation, inward concentr…

[German Version] (founded as Leucorea). After the division of Wettin Saxony in 1485, in which Leipzig (Leipzig, University) went to the Albertine line, the city of Wittenberg developed into the official residence of the Ernestine line and hence the capital of Electoral Saxony. On Oct 18, 1502, under the elector Frederick the Wise the University of Wittenberg was founded as the official university of electoral Saxony. It was granted imperial privileges on Jul 6, 1502; papal privileges were not gran…

[German Version] (Jun 1, 1673, Ösdorf – May 27, 1722, Greenwich, England) studied in Halle from c. 1693 and became the informatory at the Waldeckian court in Arolsen. Involved in Waldeck's Pietism dispute (1699/1700), he lost his office in 1700 because of spiritualist and separatist tendencies. After a stay once again with A.H. Francke in Halle, he went to London in …

[German Version] 1. Johann Jakob (Feb 24, 1693, Halle – Apr 19, 1735, Giessen). From 1712, Rambach studied in Halle; in 1715 he worked on J.H. Michaelis’s edition of the Biblia Hebraica; from 1719 (together with G.A. Francke), he studied in Jena (esp. under J.F. Buddeus), where in 1720 he gained his M.A.; in 1723 he became assistant in the Halle faculty of theology; in 1726, assistant professor; in 1727, full professor of theology in Halle; in 1731, Dr.theol.; from 1731, professor and general superintendent in Giessen. Ramba…

[German Version] (Feb 17, 1658, Northeim near Göttingen – Mar 16, 1732, Berge Monastery near Magdeburg) studied (1676–1683) in Helmstedt and Kiel (where he lived in the house of C. Kortholt with A.H. Francke) and became associate professor of homiletics there in 1684. In 1685, he became court preacher and consistorial counselor in Meinigen. After a stay with P…

[German Version] (Anthony; 1641, Bacharach – Jan 31, 1697, London). After his studies at Heidelberg (1659–1661) he lived in England and became a member of Queen's College, Oxford, in 1664. In 1665, he became court tutor to the son of the duke of Albemarle and the latter's protégé. In 1671, he was appointed preacher at Savoy Chapel, where he attracted a large congregation and was much sought after as a pastor. In 1689, he became the court chaplain of William III. Horneck was a cofounder of the Reli…

[German Version] (Willem; May, 1627, Utrecht – Aug 2, 1694, The Hague). After studying in Utrecht, Saldenus filled pulpits in Renswoude (1649), Kokkengen (1652), Enkhuizen (1655), Delft (1664) and The Hague (1677). As a pupil of G. Voetius, influenced by W. Ames and English edifying literature, he supported the Puritan wing of the Nadere Reformatie, advocating Sunday observance and catechetical instruction and forbidding card-playing and theater. He wrote many edifying works, which also influenced…

[German Version] (baptized Nov 23, 1631, Utrecht – Feb 6, 1695, Utrecht). After studying in Utrecht, he was chaplain to the embassies in Copenhagen and ¶ Brussels from 1657. From 1662, he was pastor in Sluis, Zeeland. As a student of G. Voetius and significantly influenced by (English and Scottish) Puritanism (Puritans/Puritanism), Koelman became the programmatist and militant defender of the Dutch Nadere Reformatie. He pushed for Sunday observance and for church discipline and opposed church holidays and compulsory wors…

[German Version] (Apr 11, 1675, Bopfingen, Württemberg – Feb 5, 1723, Halle). Following his studies in Altdorf and Halle, Herrnschmidt was Informator at the Paedagogium and at the Gynaeceum of A.H. Francke's foundations from 1700 onward, became adjunct of the theological faculty in 1701, and was deacon in Bopfingen from 1702 to 1712. In 1712, after being awarded a Dr.theol. in Halle, he was appointed superintendent and councilor of the consistory in Idstein (Nassau). He was called back to Halle in 1715 to assist Fra…

[German Version] (anagram of E. Thomson; dates unknown), English merchant in Danzig (Gdansk) and Stade (presence documented from 1599 to 1612). Under the title Güldenes Kleinot der Kinder Gottes (Frankfurt am Main, 1612), he translated the First Booke of the Christian Exercise (1582) of the English ¶ Jesuit Robert Persons (or Parsons), which he knew in a Protestant version by Edmund Bunny ( A Booke of Christian Exercise, 1584). After the edition published in Lüneburg in 1632, which included a third section probably written by J. Gesenius, “Sonthom” (so called f…

[German Version] (Lampertus; Jan 6, 1683, Gardelegen – Feb 21, 1735, Berlin). From his student years in Berlin (where J. Lange was rector), Gedicke was influenced by Pietism, encouraged in particular by C.H. von Canstein and A.H. Francke. After studying at Halle, he was appointed preceptor at Francke's orphanage (to 1708). After brief service as a private tutor in Berlin, in 1709 he was appointed chaplain of the Garrison regiment; in 1710 he took part in the Brabant campaign during the War of the Spanish Succession. In 1713 ¶ he was appointed chaplain of the Wartensleben regiment an…

[German Version] The initiative to establish a university in Halle goes back to Albert of Brandenburg, who in 1531 obtained the founding privilege from the papal legate cardinal L. Campeggio. Lack of money and the introduction of the Reformation in the archdiocese of Magdeburg forestalled these plans, which were directed against Wittenberg University (Wittenberg, University of). When in 1680 the archdiocese fell to Brandenburg as the Duchy of Magdeburg, the founding plans were revived and were rea…

[English Version] Reitz,  Johann Henrich (24.6.1655 Oberdiebach – 25.11.1720 Wesel), ref. Theologe, Studium in Heidelberg (ab 1675), Bremen (ab 1678), Herborn und Leiden (ab 1679), Rektor in Frankenthal, 1681 Pfarrer in Freinsheim, 1689 Inspektor in Ladenburg, 1694 Pfarrer in Asslar, 1695 Hofprediger und Inspektor in Braunfels. Unter dem Einfluß von B. Ch. Klopfer und H. Horche für den Separatismus und Chiliasmus gewonnen, wurde R. 1697 amtsenthoben. In den folgenden Jahren nur kurzzeitig in Ämtern…

[English Version] 1.  Johannes Kupfermann), (17.9.1546 Wesel – 26.1.1623 Halle/S.). Studium in Marburg (1566) und Jena (1570, M.A. 1573), 1574 Lehrer am Gymnasium in Königsberg, 1577 Prof. für hebr. Sprache, 1578 Prof. für Theol. in Helmstedt (1579 Dr. theol.); 1581 Superintendent in Halle/S., wo er sich für die Ordnung des Kirchenwesens einsetzte und gelegentlich theol. Disputationen abhielt. Eine enge Freundschaft verband ihn mit T. Heshusius, dessen Tochter Anna er 1579 heiratete. Als ein bewußte…

[English Version] (Leucorea). Nach der sächsischen Erbteilung (1485), durch die Leipzig an die albertinische Linie fiel, wurde die U.W. im Zuge des Ausbaus der Stadt W. zur ernestinischen und damit kursächsischen Residenzstadt am 18.10.1502 unter Kurfürst Friedrich (III.) dem Weisen als kursächsische Landesuniversität gegründet. Das kaiserliche Privileg war am 6.7.1502 erteilt worden, das päpstl. datiert erst von 1507, doch lag seit 1503 ein Privileg des Kardinallegaten Raimund Peraudi vor. Die er…

[English Version] Rogall, Georg Friedrich (19.4.1701 Königsberg – 6.4.1733 ebd.), 1725 a.o., 1731 o.Prof. theol. in Königsberg, 1729 Konsistorialrat. Zunächst Anhänger der Königsberger Wolffianer (Ch. Wolff), erlebte R. in Halle (A.H. Francke) eine Bekehrung und wandte sich gegen den Wolffianismus. In der vom preußischen König ausgehenden Reorganisation des ostpreußischen Kirchen- und Schulwesens nach dem Muster des hallischen Pietismus übernahm R. von H. Lysius die führende Rolle gegen Orthodoxie (J.J. Quandt) und Aufklärung. Udo Sträter Bibliography E. Riedesel, Pi…

[English Version] 1.  Johann Jakob (24.2.1693 Halle – 19.4.1735 Gießen), ab 1712 Studium in Halle, 1715 Mitarbeit an der Edition der Biblia Hebraica durch J.H. Michaelis, ab 1719 (gemeinsam mit G.A. Francke) Studium in Jena (v.a. bei J.F. Buddeus), dort 1720 M.A., 1723 Adjunkt der Theol. Fakultät Halle, 1726 a.o. Prof., 1727 o.Prof. der Theol. in Halle, 1731 Dr. theol., ab 1731 Prof. und Generalsuperintendent in Gießen. R. wirkte im Sinne des hallischen Pietismus durch seine Homiletik (Praecepta Homi…

[English Version] Saldenus, Guilielmus (Willem; Mai 1627 Utrecht – 8.2.1694 Den Haag). Nach dem Studium in Utrecht war S. Prediger in Renswoude (1649), Kokkengen (1652), Enkhuizen (1655), Delft (1664) und Den Haag (1677). Als Schüler von G. Voetius, beeinflußt durch W. Amesius und engl. Erbauungsliteratur, vertrat S. die puritanische Richtung der Nadere Reformatie, setzte sich für Sonntagsheiligung und katechetische Unterweisung ein, wandte sich gegen Kartenspielen und Theater und vf. zahlreiche Er…

[English Version] Nösselt, Johann August (2.5.1734 Halle – 11.3.1807 ebd.). Nach der Schulbildung an der Latina der Franckeschen Stiftungen ab 1751 Studium in Halle (bes. unter dem Einfluß von S.J. Baumgarten), 1755 Studienreise durch Deutschland, die Schweiz und Frankreich. Ab 1757 hielt N. in Halle als M.A. Vorlesungen über Philos. und Rhetorik, Kirchengesch. und v.a. NT, hier der hist.-philol. Methode J.A. Ernestis folgend; 1760 a.o., 1764 o. Prof. der Theol. Dogmatisch vollzog N. den Weg von ein…

[English Version] I. Kirchengeschichtlich 1.  Deutschland und Europa a)  Definition Der P. ist eine rel. Erneuerungsbewegung im Protestantismus  (: I.,1.) des späten 17.Jh. und des 18.Jh., neben dem angelsächsischen Puritanismus die bedeutendste rel. Bewegung seit der Reformation. Gleicherweise in der luth. wie in der ref. Kirche entstanden, löste sich der P. von der als totes Gewohnheitschristentum angesehenen, obrigkeitlich regulierten Gestalt des altprot. Kirchentums, drang auf Individualisierung und …