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Die Bibl, des Kapitels im 1751 aufgehobenen Patriarchat besaß einen bedeutenden Bestand überwiegend liturgischer Hss., von denen sich jetzt einzelne in verschiedenen ital. Bibl.en (Cividale, Padua, Udine, Verona) befinden. Bes. genannt sei der Codex Rehdigera-nus, heute in der SBPrK Berlin. P. Vodosek Bibliography Bethmann, L.: Nachrichten über die für die Mon. Germ. hist, benutzten Sammlungen von Handschriften und Urkunden Italiens aus dem Jahre 1854. In: Archiv der Ges. für ältere dt. Geschichtskunde 12. 1874, S. 685–686 Gottlieb, Th.: Über mittelalterliche Bibliotheke…

[German Version] was founded as a Roman colony in 181 bce. An episcopal see was established probably around the middle of the 3rd century. According to legend, the evangelist Mark founded the Christian community and Hermagoras was its first bishop. Soon after Constantine's edict of toleration, a Bishop Theodorus of Aquileia was present at the Council of Arles. He was …

Fortunatianus of Aquileia, a native African according to Jerome’s biographical note (Jer. Vir. ill. 97), most probably was born shortly before 300 CE. At an uncertain date he became bishop of Aquileia; as such he attended the Council of Serdica in 342 or 343 CE (Hil. Poit. CAP B.2.4). Fortunatianus was in contact with some of the most prominent men of his day, especially with Athanasius of Alexandria, whom he accompanied when meeting Emperor Constans (Athan. …

Chromatius was born around 335 or 340 CE (d. 407 CE), probably at Aquileia, a north Italian city on the Adriatic coast. The town was of strategic importance during the later Roman Empire and an important seat of the western church. Legend has it that the apostle Mark came to the city, although the earliest Christian evidence dates from the 3rd century CE. In the course of the 4th century CE, the city became the chief ecclesiastical center for this region, later known as Venetia and Istria…

Turranius Rufinus Concordiae (not Tyrannius, which is an ironical deformation of Jer. Ruf. 1.1) was born in Iulia Concordia about 345 CE (Jer. Ep.. 5.2; Vir. ill. 53; Ruf. 2.2). He belonged to a noble family (Pall. Hist. Laus. 46). Although Rufinus himself does not provide information about his studies, his own works reflect a fine classical education. He likely received instruction in Rome together with Jerome. Around the year 371 CE, Rufinus was already baptized after having been educated by the then presbyter Chromatius of A…

ca 345-412 ad. Italy, Palestine, Egypt. Monk and ecclesiastical writer in Latin. Born in Concordia near Aquileia, Tyrannius Rufinus studied grammar and rhetoric in Rome. One of his fellow students was Jerome, who became a close friend, and, in the course of the Origenist controversy, an even closer enemy. From 373 to 380 Rufinus went to Palestine and Egypt, where he visited monastic communities and studied the Bible and Origen. In 381 he founded a monastery on the Mount of Olives near Jerusalem. In 397 he returned to Rome and in 399 to Aquileia, from where he fled again to escape the Gothic inva…

[German Version] (died before 370). According to Jerome, De viris illustribus 97, Fortunatianus was an African by birth and was bishop of Aquileia during the time of Emperor Constantius II. In 343 he participated in the Western Synod of Sardica (Homoeans). He was probably bringing the condemnation of Athanasius in Milan (355) and the second Sirmian formula of 357, which the exiled Liberius among others thus signed. Jerome, Ep. 10 (CSEL 54, 37) refers to Fortunatianus's Gospel commentaries (spiritualizing and allegorical pieces that concentrate on the meanings of…

[German Version] (II; before 750, Friuli –Jan 11, 802, Cividale), patriarch of Aquileia from c. 782, came to the court of Charlemagne (c. 776) as a famous grammarian, and became a friend of Alcuin. As a theologian he joined Alcuin in fighting Spanish adoptionism, and wrote three books against Felix of Urgel ( Contra Felicem libri tres, c. 800). At the Synod of Cividale in 796/797 he spoke in favor of adding the Filioque to the Niceno-Constantinopolitan Creed. In the mission to the Avars and Slavs (Slavic missions), he stressed the priority of Christian instruct…

[German Version] The oldest extant council protocol (SC 267, 330–82): this synod was called as the Western counterpart of the imperial synod of Constantinople by Emperor Gratian, attended mainly by northern Italian bishops, and presided over by Ambrose of Milan; it condemned the two homoeans Paladius of Ratiaria and Secundianus of Singidunum. The legal foundation of the procedure, which was oriented toward the imperial cognition trial, was, at least indirectly, the fides Niceana, made imperial law on Feb 28, 380 (Nicea, Niceno-Constantinopolitanum). Hermann Josef Sieben Bibliogr…

While lists of the twelve apostles (Mark 3:16–19; Matt 10:2–4; Luke 6:14–16; Acts 1:13; Apostle/Disciple) always mention Bartholomew, there is no mention of him in the canonical texts, thus allowing a number of appropriations of his character. Bartholomew is one of the apostles who has known various receptions, depending on the communities and interests that took possession of him.An Unknown Apostle“Saint Bartholomew was a Galilean, as well as all the other apostles among whom he was placed by Jesus Christ (Christ, Jesus, 01: Survey), and that is all…

[German Version] Diocese in northern Italy. St. Felix is attested as the first bishop of Como (ordained in 386 by Ambrose of Milan). The diocese of Como, originally subject to the metropolitan of Milan, became a suffragan of Aquileia under bishop Agrip(p)inus, probably in 607 and no later than 612. It remained so until 1751. After belonging to Görze, Como returned to Milan at the end of 1789. Abundius, the diocesan patron, was bishop of Como around the middle of …

(Chronicle of the patriarchs of Grado) mid-11th century. Italy. Chronicle of the patriarchs of Aquileia from 569 to 1045, in Latin. This short text, probably by an ecclesiastic from Grado, has no medieval title, inscription or prologue. It covers the time from the escape of the patriarch of Aquileia from Grado in the face of the Longobardic invasion of 569, to the death of the patriarch Orso Orseolo (1018-45). Most of the text is made up of the list of the patriarchs who presided over the Church of Grado in that period. For each ecclesiastic the anonymous auth…

(ca. 345–410 / 411) aus Aquileia, lat. Kirchenschriftsteller, bedeutend vor allem als Übersetzer des Origenes und anderer griech. christlicher Autoren. B. Bader Bibliography Patrologia. Bd. 3. Torino 1978, S. 234–240 Catholicisme hier, aujourd’hui, demain. Bd. 13. Paris 1993, Sp. 205–207.

[German Version] (died before 397), at first an ascetic and itinerant preacher; he appeared in the Trinitarian Controversy as opponent of the Homoean Auxentius of Milan, and as a member of the neo-Nicaean party of his successor Ambrose. Philastrius became bishop of Brescia c. 377. In this capacity, he participated in the rejection of Homoean trends at the Synod of Aquileia (Aquileia, Synod of) in 381. His successor was Gaudentius, whose sermon (21) on Philastrius is the most important source for h…

[German Version] (Ger. Görz) is an archdiocese, a city and province in Friaul, Italy; mentioned after 1001 as a duchy of the reeves of the patriarchate of Aquileia. Around 1500, the duchy came into the possession of the Habsburgs. Gorizia's ecclesiastical affiliation with Venetian Aquileia led to tensions with Austria until Pope Benedict XIV, under pressure from Maria Theresia, dissolved Aquileia and established the archdioceses of Udine for the Venetian segment and Gorizia for the Austrian segmen…

[German Version] (pontificate 579–590), of Gothic ancestry. His pontificate was dominated by conflicts ¶ with the Lombards, against whom he sought an alliance with the Franks when help from the emperor was not forthcoming. Of his actions, the Liber pontificalis records that he donated his own house for the care of the poor and earned respect for building several churches. He tried in vain to end the schism of Aquileia, a product of the still smoldering Three Chapters Controversy. Relations with the Byzantine church…

late 11th-12th century. Italy. Anonymous Latin chronicle often considered a fragment of the so-called editio prima of the Chronicon Altinate, though this remains a subject of debate, as it also circulated in an independent handwritten tradition, as two early manuscripts attest: Vatican, BAV, urb. lat. 440, (from which depend three other codices); and Venice, Seminario Patriarcale di Venezia, ms g. III. 10.The Chronicle is composed in two parts, written by two different hands in the Vatican manuscript. The first part, considered to have been written first, is based on the Chronicon Al…

[Origo civitatum Italie seu Venetiarum] 12th-13th century. Italy. A Latin chronicle which exists in three versions containing elements up to ca 1210 in which the city of Altino near Venice is given some prominence. The original has sometimes been attributed to John the Deacon of Venice, for no good reason. It includes a list of the patriarchs of Aquileia and Grado, and this section, which may be considered a separate document, is sometimes referred to as the Chronicon Gradense. Because the manuscripts have varying inclusions and omissions, the Cessi edition presents three versions of the text separately. The major elements are: the Trojan story and the arrival of Aenea…

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[German Version] (Rufinus of Aquileia; 345 Concordia – 411/412 Messina), Latin writer and translator of theology. Like Jerome he received his education in Rome (359–368); also like Jerome, he was enthusiastic about the asceticism then flourishing in the West. After his baptism in Aquilieia in 370, he traveled to the East (Alexandria, Egypt, and Palestine) to study Eastern theology and visit the monks of Egypt; in 380 he founded a monastery on the Mount of Olives in Jerusalem. During the first Orig…