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[German version] If understood in the sense of everyday, unreflected experience of the interpretation of texts, hermeneutics existed in antiquity no less than it did later; however, hermeneutics taken as the systematic elaboration of a set of rules to control and guide the interpretation was not created until early modern times [5]. Originally, the semantic field ἑρμηνεύειν ( hermēneúein) means ‘to express, translate’ [17], and only acquires the metaphorical meaning ‘to interpret’ in Plato [12]. Aristotle's Περὶ ἑρμηνείας ( Perì hermēneías, De interpretatione) is a theory of …