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(Φαίαξ; Phaíax). [German version] [1] Ancestor of the Phaeaces Mythical ancestor of the Phaeaces, father of Alcinous [1] and Locrus [3] (Diod. Sic. 4,72,2; differenly: Hom. Od. 7,54ff.; Nausithous [1]). Käppel, Lutz (Kiel) [German version] [2] Mythical naval officer of Theseus Mythical naval officer of Theseus, together with Nausithous [3] (Plut. Theseus 17). Käppel, Lutz (Kiel) Bibliography Deubner, 225. [German version] [3] Athenian politician, 5th cent. BC Athenian, son of Eresistratus, Acharnian (Aeschin. 3,138; ostraka [3. 78 no. 152]); from a prominent fa…

(Χαρικλῆς; Chariklês). [German version] [1] Athenian politician, late 5th cent. BC Athenian from the phyle of Oeneis; son of Apollodorus. As a democrat in 415 BC he investigated the Mutilation of the Herms with Peisander (Andoc. 1,36), and in 414/13 was strategos in the Peloponnesian campaign (Thuc. 7,20;26; Diod. Sic. 13,9,2). However, in 411 he followed Peisander over to the ‘Four hundred’ (Lys. 13,73f.). In 404 played a significant role in the oligarchy of the ‘Thirty’ (Xen. Hell. 2,3,2; Mem. 1,2,31; Andoc. 1,101; Aristot. Pol. 1305…

(Πεισίστρατος; Peisístratos). [German version] [1] Companion of Telemachus Son of Nestor [1], ruler of Pylos, and of Eurydice. He accompanied Telemachus, who was of the same age, to Sparta (Hom. Od. 3,400-483; 15,44ff.; Paus. 4,1,4). Waldner, Katharina (Berlin) [German version] [2] Son of Peisistratus [1] Son of P. [1], grandson of Nestor [1]. He as the only one of the Nelids, does not go to Athens when they are driven out of Messenia by the Heraclids (Paus. 2,18,8f.; Hdt. 5,65). Waldner, Katharina (Berlin) Bibliography J. Andrée-Hanslik, s.v. P., RE 19, 155f. [German version] [3] Athen…

(Πατροκλῆς; Patroklês). [German version] [1] Athenian office holder, end of the 5th cent. BC Athenian, árchōn basileús in (404/)403 BC; a relative of Isocrates, who defended him (Isoc. Or. 18,5). Kinzl, Konrad (Peterborough) Bibliography Develin, 94 Nr. 1  Traill, PAA 768600. [German version] [2] Accuser of Demosthenes An Athenian from Phlya; his accusation of paranomia (Paranomon graphe) against Demosthenes [2] (Dem. Or. 18,5) was unanimously rejected and cost him a fine of 500 drachmas. Kinzl, Konrad (Peterborough) Bibliography Traill, PAA 768710. [German version] [3] Gree…

(Μενέστρατος; Menéstratos). [German version] [1] A son of Niobe One of the sons of Niobe (Hellanicus FGrH 4 F 21 with commentary by Jacoby). Käppel, Lutz (Kiel) [German version] [2] Sacrifices himself for his lover Cleostratus M. of Thespiae, who sacrifices himself for his lover Cleostratus, by volunteering to take his place and be thrown to the dragon that on Zeus's instructions is fed a young man each year. Barbs on his armour kill the monster (Paus. 2,26,7f.) Käppel, Lutz (Kiel) [German version] [3] Athenian, denounced in 415 BC Athenian, one of 18 denounced by Teucer in connexio…

(Διόγνητος; Diógnētos). [German version] [1] Athenian, victor at the Dionysia in 415 BC Athenian, son of Niceratus, from Cyantidae; brother of Nicias and Eucrates [2], father of Diomnestus. Winner at the Dionysia in 415 BC (Pl. Grg. 472a), afterwards exiled; in Athens in 404-03. Intervened in 403 with Pausanias on behalf of Nicias' sons. Died c. 396 (Lys. 18,4; 9f.; 21; And. 1,47). Perhaps identical with the person named by Traill (PAA 327535, 327540). Traill, PAA 327820; Davies 10808. Kinzl, Konrad (Peterborough) [German version] [2] Nauarch of Antiochus III c. 220 BC As nauarch of An…

(Νεοκλῆς; Neoklȇs). [German version] [1] Father of the Athenian politician Themistocles The politically inactive father of the Athenian politician and commander Themistocles (Plut. Themistocles 1; [1. 60-66; 69f.]; therefore Themistocles is called a ‘newcomer ’in Hdt. 7,143) ; aristocrat (Nep. Themistocles 1), a member of the Lycomidae family. N.'s wife was possibly non-Athenian. Kinzl, Konrad (Peterborough) Bibliography 1 F.J. Frost, Plutarch's Themistocles, 1980. Davies, 212ff.  Traill, PAA 706445. [German version] [2] Probable son of Themistocles Probably eldest s…

(Μένανδρος; Ménandros). [German version] [1] Joint strategos with Nicias, 414 BC The Athenians M. and Euthydemus [1], who were already in Sicily, were chosen as joint strategoi of Nicias towards the end of 414 BC, during the Sicilian Expedition, to support him until the relief expedition of Demosthenes [1] arrived (413) (Thucyd. 7,16,1; Plut. Nicias 20,2); re-elected 413/12 (Plut. Nicias 20,6-8; Thucyd. 7,69,4; Diod. 13, 13,2). Possibly identical with the M. who fought in Abydus in 409 (Xen. Hell. 1,2,16). He was stratēgós with Tydeus (405/4) in the defeat at Aigos potamoi (X…

(Φείδων; Pheídōn). [German version] [1] Ph. the Corinthian From Corinth, legislator, early 7th cent. BC According to Aristot. Pol. 1265b 12-16, he was one of the 'oldest legislators' who is said to have been the originator of a law in which the number of houses had to equal the number of citizens; it appears therefore to have served to protect the owners of plots of land and to maintain the balance of land ownership ratios ( klḗros ). Like the similar law of Philolaus [1], the law is probably authentic; it was possibly still in use in the time of the Bacchiadae regime (early 7th cent. BC). Hölkeskamp…

[German version] (Μυρρίνη/ Murrhínē). Athenian noblewoman, daughter of Callias [2], mother of five children by Hippias [1] (Thuc. 6,55,1). Born probably no later than 570 BC; year of death and other information unknown; object of ridicule in Aristophanes (Equ. 449). Added by Jacoby to the text of Cleidemus (FGrH 323 F 15) as the daughter of Charmus, the polemarch of c. 557/6 (regarding this and other entanglements [1. 450]). Myrtle; Peisistratus; Peisistratids Kinzl, Konrad (Peterborough) Bibliography 1 Davies 2 PA 10485 3 Traill, PAA, 662355.

(Δημάρατος; Dēmáratos). [German version] [1] Corinthian aristocrat 7th cent. BC Corinthian aristocrat, member of the  Bacchiadae family. D. made his fortune as a merchant around the middle of the 7th cent. BC, mainly through trade with Etruria. When he had to leave Corinth during the rule of  Cypselus he settled in Tarquinii with his followers and married an Etruscan aristocrat. According to ancient tradition the marriage produced two sons, one of whom became the first Etruscan king of Rome,  Tarquinius P…

(Θρασυκλῆς/ Thrasyklês). [German version] [1] Representative of Athens in the Peace of Nicias, 2nd half of the 5th cent. BC Athenian, who in 421/0 BC requested the proxenía for a resident of the Peloponnese (IG I3 80,7) and belonged to those who swore an oath on the truce and the alliance between Sparta and Athens in the so-called Peace of Nicias [1] in 421 (Thuc. 5,19,2; 24,1). In 412/1, T. was strategos along with Strombichides in the campaign to Asia Minor (Thuc. 8,15,1; 17,3; 19,2). Peloponnesian War Kinzl, Konrad (Peterborough) Bibliography Traill, PAA 517180 Develin 157; 141. …

(Πολύευκτος/ Polýeuktos). [German version] [1] Son of the Athenian Themistocles Third son of Themistocles and his first wife Archippe, daughter of Lysander of Alopece (who adopted the second son, Diocles); nothing is known of his life. Kinzl, Konrad (Peterborough) Bibliography Davies, 6669  R. Frost, Plutarch's Themistocles. A Historical Commentary, 1980, ad 32,1  Traill, PAA, 778325. [German version] [2] Athenian rhetor, 2nd half of 4th cent. BC Son of Sostratus of the Sphettus deme, Athenian rhetor of the 2nd half of the 4th cent. BC, in the circle of Demost…

(Μύρων; Mýrōn). [German version] [1] Name of several persons from Sicyon Several persons from Sicyon named M. are mentioned in literature: a) Hdt. 6,126,1: Sicyonian nobleman (7th century BC), son of Andreas, father of Aristonymus, grandfather of the ‘tyrant’ Cleisthenes [1]. b) Paus. 6,19,1f.: the ‘tyrant’ M., victor in the chariot race at Olympia (648 BC), founder of the Sicyonian treasure house (thesauros) at Olympia. c) Nicolas of Damascus, FGrH 90 F 61: one of the three tyrant brothers descended from Orthagoras (evil M., good Isodemus, cunning Cleisthenes) from the ‘ Orthagorides…

[German version] (Θεμιστοκλῆς). Athenian, of the Phrearrhii deme in the Leontis phyle, and of the family of the Lycomidae, b. c. 525 BC, the son of Neocles [1] (Hdt. 7,143 et alibi; Nep. T. 1,1; Plut. T. 1,1 and 4; Aristid. 5,4) and a perhaps non-Athenian mother (cf. Nep. T. 1,1; Plut. T. 1,2); an important politician at the time of the Persian Wars [1]. Mnesiphilus is said to have been the teacher of T., who was reputed to have been headstrong (cf. Thuc. 1,138,3; Nep. T. 1,2; Plut. T. 2) and to set little store by artistic education (Ion …

[German version] (Τιμώνασσα; Timṓnassa). Daughter of a Gorgilus of Argus. At first the wife of the Cypselid Archinus, tyrant of Ambracia. Later the second wife of Peisistratus [4], the father of her two sons Iophon [1] and Hegesistratus [1]  (Aristot. Ath. pol. 17,3). Kinzl, Konrad (Peterborough) Bibliography Davies 11793,VI, p. 449  L. de Libero, Die archaische Tyrannis, 1996, 88.

[German version] (Πεισιστρατίδαι; Peisistratídai). Athenian aristocratic oíkos from Brauron (Plut. Solon 10,3; Pl. Hipparch. 228b), which is said to go back Neleus, son of Zeus, via Nestor [1] of Pylos (Hdt. 5,65; Peisistratus [1] and [2]). Herodotus only refers to the Athenian sons of the tyrant Peisistratus [4] and their offspring as P. (528/7-511/10 BC), whereas later and modern literature often includes all generations: in 669/8 BC, a  Peisistratus [3] is árchōn (Paus. 2,24,7); the name of Hippocrates [1], the father of Peisistratus [4], is remembered because o…

[German version] (Νικίδης/ Nikídēs). Son of Phoenicides, of the dḗmos of Melite (IG I3 422 col. III, 212; 216; 424,17f.; 426 col. II, 75; And. 1,12f.: Nikiades). In 415 BC, he was condemned to death in absentia in a sacrilege case (see Mutilation of the Herms) upon denunciation by Andromachus; his property was sold (IG, ibid.). Alcibiades [3]; Meletus [1] Kinzl, Konrad (Peterborough) Bibliography Davies, 408  Traill, PAA 713050.

(Διότιμος; Diótimos). [German version] [1] Strategos in Corcyra 433/2 BC Athenian, son of Strombichides, from Euonymon (his family is known into the 3rd cent.). Strategos in Corcyra in 433/32 BC (Thuc. 1,45,2; IG I3 364,9); 439-32 nauarchos at Neapolis (Timaeus FGrH 566 F 98); he may have led a legation to Susa (Str. 1,3,1). Perhaps identical with D. in Ath. 10,436e. Kinzl, Konrad (Peterborough) Bibliography Fraser/Matthews (1) Davies, 4386. [German version] [2] Athenian strategos c. 390 BC Athenian strategos. Commander of the Athenian mercenary force near Corinth in 390/…

(Μιλτιάδης; Miltiádēs). From the 7th (Paus. 4,23,10; 8,39,3) to the 4th cent. BC, a name belonging to the family of the Philaïdae in Athens. [German version] [1] M. the Elder Victor in the four-horse chariot race at Olympia, probably in 548 BC. Son of Cypselus (archon 597/6 BC), grandson (?) of the tyrant Cypselus [2] of Corinth, relative ([7. 7]: adoptive son) of Hippocleides (archon 566/5); from the same mother as the three-time Olympian victor Cimon [1]. M. was victor in the four-horse chariot race at Olympia (548?). ‘Dynast’ alongsi…

(Πολυάρατος/ Polyáratos). [German version] [1] Rich Athenian official c. 400 BC Rich ([Demosth.] Or. 40,24) Athenian from Cholargus (IG I3 375,21), first mentioned in 410/409 BC ( ibid., l. 20 f.) as próhedros of the hellēnotamías (Hellenotamiai) Anaetius of Sphettus; then in 405/4 as grammateús (Grammateis) of the boulḗ (IG I3 126,5). P.' wife was a daughter of Menexenus and a sister of Dicaeogenes [1]; her estate was disputed by Dicaeogenes' adoptive son and P., then by P.' son Menexenus, probably the eldest (Isaeus 5; 389 BC). Until the 320s…

(Χαιρέας; Chairéas). [German version] [1] Strategos at Cyzicus, 410 BC Son of Archestratus (Lycomide?) of Athens. In 411/10 BC co- strategos in Samos, sent to Athens on the  Paralus, but was able to return (Thuc. 8,74,1-3; 86,3). In 410 strategos at Cyzicus (Diod. Sic. 13,49,6; 50,7; 51,3). PA 15093. Kinzl, Konrad (Peterborough) Bibliography Davies, 9238 Fraser/Matthews, GPN 2, 1994, 469, no. 3 A. W. Gomme et al., Historical Commentary on Thucydides, 5, 1981, 266-268. [German version] [2] Nauarch of Ptolemy IX, 1st cent. BC Nauarch of Ptolemy IX; perhaps strategos of Cyprus; 88 BC…

[German version] (Μητίοχος; Mētíochos). Eldest son of Miltiades [2], half-brother of Cimon [2]. Commanded one of the five triremes used by Miltiades to flee from the Chersonesus [1] to Athens in 493 BC at the end of the Ionian Revolt. It was the one the Persians seized, but Darius [1] gave him a fief and a wife and children were regarded as full Persians (Hdt. 6,41,2-4; non-Herodotean tradition in Marcellinus, Thucydides Vita 12, but cf. e.g. [1. 302]). Nothing is known of his probably Athenian mother or any siblings. Kinzl, Konrad (Peterborough) Bibliography 1 Davies 2PA 10132 3 Traill, PAA…

[German version] Phoenician from Tyre (Diod. Sic. 14,98) or Citium (Theopomp. FGrH 115 F 103), who murdered the Tyrian usurper of Salamis c. 415 BC (Isoc. Or. 9,26).  Evagoras, who fled to Soli under A., returned in 411 (Isoc. Or. 9,26-32; Diod. Sic. loc. cit.) and restored the Greek monarchy. Kinzl, Konrad (Peterborough) Bibliography H. Berve, Die Tyrannis bei den Griechen, 1967, 341 F. G. Maier, Cyprus and Phoenicia, CAH 62, 312.

(Μεγακλῆς; Megaklês). A name that was increasingly common in the Athenian house of the Alcmaeonids in the 7th-5th cents. BC. [German version] [1] Árchon (632/1? B.C.) according to Plutarch The first historical M. Plutarch (Solon 12,1) designates him by name as the árchōn (632/1?), allegedly responsible for the defeat of the Cylonian revolution ( Cylon [1]) and the subsequent curse of the Alcmaeonids (Hdt. 5,71; Thuc. 1,126). Peisistratids Kinzl, Konrad (Peterborough) Bibliography Develin, 30f. PA 9688 Traill, PAA 636340. [German version] [2] Politican and strongman in 6th-ce…

[German version] (Ταυρέας; Tauréas). As a son of a cousin of Leogoras [1] (whose son, the orator Andocides [1], boasted he was from the “oldest of all the noble houses”, And. 1,47), he belonged to the Athenian nobility. Between 430 and 415 BC he was trounced by Alcibiades [3] in a dispute over a choregia; denounced in the scandal of the Mutilation of the Herms (Herms, Mutilation of the) in 415, he was released when Andocides confessed. At about this time T. already had an adult son. Plato [1] knows of a palaestra belonging to T. (Plat. Charm. 153a). Kinzl, Konrad (Peterborough) Bibliography Davie…

[German version] (Φιλοκτήμων; Philoktḗmōn). According to Isaeus (Or. 6) he was the oldest son of Euctemon from Cephisia, whose great fortune (brothels and bath houses, herds of goats and mules) caused a dispute. P. served as a knight; he died as a trierarch (captain of a trireme) around 370 BC off the coast of Chios. Kinzl, Konrad (Peterborough) Bibliography Davies 15164; vgl. 14093  R.F. Wevers, Isaeus, 1969  W.E. Thompson, Isaeus VI: The Historical Circumstances, in: CR 20, 1970, 1-4.

(Πολέμαρχος/ Polémarchos). [German version] [1] Metic (resident foreigner) in Athens, brother of the orator Lysias Wealthy métoikos in Athens, son of Cephalus [2] and brother of the orator Lysias [1], who unsuccessfully brought Eratosthenes [1], the main culprit amongst the Thirty Tyrants ( triákonta ) of the murder of P., to trial (Lys. Or. 12). Kinzl, Konrad (Peterborough) Bibliography Traill, PAA 776500. [German version] [2] P. of Cyzicus Greek astronomer, c. 380-370 BC Astronomer who, between 380 BC and 370 BC, worked as the student of Eudoxus [1] and as teacher …

(Φρύνων; Phrýnōn). [German version] [1] Olympic victor Victor at Olympia. Moretti [1. no. 58] dates his victory (in the pankration rather than the stadion) [2. 213: A 68] to the 36th Games = 636 BC. According to ancient tradition he died in 607/6 in a duel with  Pittacus of Mytilene over the ownership of  Sigeum. His activities as an oikistḗs (founder of a colony) suggests an aristocratic origin ([3. 63], otherwise [4. 160 note 59]). Decker, Wolfgang (Cologne) Bibliography 1 L. Moretti, Olympionikai, 1957 2 D.G. Kyle, Athletics in Ancient Athens, 21993 3 H.W. Pleket, Zur Soziologie…

(Χαρικλῆς). [English version] [1] Athenischer Politiker, Ende 5. Jh. v.Chr. Athener aus der Phyle Oineis, Sohn des Apollodoros. Als Demokrat untersuchte er 415 v.Chr. mit Peisandros den Hermokopidenfrevel (And. 1,36) und war 414/13 Strategos der Peloponneskampagne (Thuk. 7,20;26; Diod. 13,9,2). Folgte aber Peisandros im J. 411 zu den “Vierhundert” (Lys. 13,73f.). Im J. 404 bei den oligarchischen “Dreißig” bedeutend (Xen. hell. 2,3,2; mem. 1,2,31; And. 1,101; Aristot. pol. 1305b26); wird 403 verbannt und kehrt später zurück (Isokr. or. 16,42; PA 15407). Kinzl, Konrad (Peterbo…

(Δημόστρατος). [English version] [1] Athener, Demagoge, 415 v.Chr. Athener, unsicher, aus welchem Demos, Buzyge (Aristoph. Lys. 397 mit schol.; Aristeid. 3,51). “Demagoge” (Plut. Nik. 12,6), der 415 v.Chr. die Bevollmächtigung der Strategen der sizilischen Expedition als autokrátores beantragte (Plut. Alk. 18,3; Aristoph. Lys. 391; ohne Namen Thuk. 6,25,1) sowie die Anwerbung zakynthischer Hopliten (Aristoph. Lys. 393 mit schol.). Kinzl, Konrad (Peterborough) Bibliography Traill, PAA 319245; Develin, 149; Davies, 3276(B)(4). [English version] [2] D.P...anus Von Fro…

[English version] (Μυρρίνη). Adelige Athenerin, Tochter des Kallias [2], Mutter von fünf Kindern des Hippias [1] (Thuk. 6,55,1). Geb. kaum nach 570 v.Chr., Todesjahr oder sonstiges unbekannt; bei Aristophanes (Equ. 449) Gegenstand des Spottes. Von Jacoby in den Text von Kleidemos (FGrH 323 F 15) eingefügt als Tochter des Charmos, des Polemarchen von ca. 557/6 (zu dieser und anderen Verwirrungen [1. 450]). Peisistratos; Peisistratidai Kinzl, Konrad (Peterborough) Bibliography 1 Davies 2 PA 10485 3 Traill, PAA, 662355.

[English version] (Μέλτας). Name nur von Pausanias (2,19,2) genannt: Sohn des (“Königs”; Plut. mor. 89e) Lakedas, 10. Nachfahre des Medon, des Enkels des Temenos, letzter Argeierkönig (meist mit dem namentlich nicht gen. letzten Temenidenkönig bei Diod. 7,13,2 identifiziert). Unhistor. Gestalt, weder Sohn des bei Hdt. 6,127,3 genannten Leokedes oder Sohn des Pheidon (ca. 1. H. 6. Jh.v.Chr.) noch der Magistrat ( basileús) Melantas ca. 450 v.Chr. (ML 42, Z. 43). Kinzl, Konrad (Peterborough) Bibliography T. Kelly, History of Argos, 1976, 107f.  M. Wörrle, Unt. zur Verfassungsg…

(Διόδοτος). [English version] [1] Autor des Volksbeschlusses über das Schicksal der Mytilenaier 428/7 v. Chr. 428/7 v.Chr. Autor des psḗphisma (“Volksbeschluß”) über das Schicksal der Mytilenaier. D. hielt eine Rede gegen Kleon (Thuk. 3,41-49,1). Traill, PAA 328540. Kinzl, Konrad (Peterborough) Bibliography B. Manuwald, Der Trug des D., in: Hermes 107, 1979, 407-422  C. Orwin, in: American Political Science Review 78, 1984, 485-494  W.C. West III, (Bibliogr.), in: P.A. Stadter (Hrsg.), Speeches in Thuc., 1973, 156f. [English version] [2] Satrap von Baktrien und Sogdiane …

(Πολυκράτης). [English version] [1] Tyrann von Samos 540-522 v. Chr. Sohn des Aiakes [1], Tyrann von Samos gegen 540 bis 522 v. Chr., anfangs mit den Brüdern Pantagnostos und Syloson; den ersten tötete, den zweiten vertrieb er (Hdt. 3,39). Den Pyramiden vergleichbare Großbauten nennt Aristoteles [6] ‘die Werke des P.’ (Aristot. pol. 1313b 24); Herodot hebt in Samos drei Bauten als die größten unter denen der Griechen hervor: Heratempel, Hafenmole und die Wasserleitung des Architekten Eupalinos (Hdt. 3,60)…

[English version] (Πεισιστρατίδαι). Athenischer Adels- oíkos aus Brauron (Plut. Solon 10,3; Plat. Hipparch. 228b), der über Nestor [1] von Pylos auf den Zeussohn Neleus zurückgehen soll (Hdt. 5,65; Peisistratos [1] und [2]). Herodot bezeichnet nur die athen. Söhne des Tyrannen Peisistratos [4] und deren Nachkommen als P. (528/7-511/10 v.Chr.), die spätere und die mod. Lit. oft alle Generationen: 669/8 v.Chr. ist ein Peisistratos [3] árchōn (Paus. 2,24,7); an den Namen des Hippokrates [1], des Vaters des Peisistratos [4], erinnert man sich wegen dessen (wohl …

[English version] (Νικίδης). Sohn des Phoinikides, aus dem dḗmos Melite (IG I3 422 col. III, 212; 216; 424,17f.; 426 col. II, 75; And. 1,12f.: Nikiades). 415 v.Chr. im Mysterienprozeß (s. Hermokopidenfrevel) auf Andromachos' Denunziation in Abwesenheit zum Tod verurteilt; Verkauf des Besitzes (IG, ebd.). Alkibiades [3]; Meletos [1] Kinzl, Konrad (Peterborough) Bibliography Davies, 408  Traill, PAA 713050.

(Ἄνδρων). [English version] [1] Einer der 400 (Ende 5. Jh. v. Chr.) Aus Gargettos, Sohn eines Androtion und Vater des Atthidographen Androtion (FGrH 324), mit sophistischen Interessen (Plat. Gorg. 487C; Prot. 315C). Über eine Schuldenaffäre Demosth. or. 22,33 u.ö. Wohl identisch mit A., einem der 400 (500: [1]), Autor eines Psephisma gegen Antiphon [4] 411 v. Chr. (Krateros FGrH 342 F5). Kinzl, Konrad (Peterborough) Bibliography 1 G. Pesely, in: Illinois Class. Stud. 20, 1995, 66-76. Davies, 913  Traill, PAA 129265, 129130  P. Harding, Androtion and the Atthis, 1994, 14 f. …

(Φείδων). [English version] [1] Ph. “der Korinther” von Korinth, Gesetzgeber, frühes 7. Jh. v. Chr. nach Aristot. pol. 1265b 12-16 einer der “ältesten Gesetzgeber”, soll der Urheber einer Regelung gewesen sein, nach der die Zahl der “Häuser” und der Bürger gleich sein mußte; sie scheint also dem Schutz der Besitzer von Landlosen und der Stabilisierung der Grundbesitzverhältnisse gedient zu haben ( klḗros ). Wie das ähnliche Gesetz des Philolaos [1] dürfte das Gesetz authentisch sein; es gehört vielleicht noch in die Zeit des Regimes der Bakchiadai (frühes 7. Jh.v.Chr.). Hölkeskamp,…

(Φρύνων). [English version] [1] Olympiasieger Olympiasieger. Moretti [1. Nr. 58] datiert seinen Sieg (eher im Pankration als im Stadion) [2. 213: A 68] in die 36. Ol. = 636 v.Chr. Ant. Überl. zufolge starb er 607/6 im Zweikampf mit Pittakos von Mytilene um den Besitz von Sigeion. Die Tätigkeit als oikistḗs (Koloniegründer) legt aristokratische Herkunft nahe ([3. 63], anders [4. 160 Anm. 59]). Decker, Wolfgang (Köln) Bibliography 1 L. Moretti, Olympionikai, 1957 2 D.G. Kyle, Athletics in Ancient Athens, 21993 3 H.W. Pleket, Zur Soziologie des ant. Sports, in: MededRom, n…

(Διότιμος). [English version] [1] Strategos in Kerkyra 433/2 v. Chr. Athener, Sohn des Strombichides, von Euonymon (Familie bis ins 3. Jh. bekannt). Strategos in Kerkyra 433/32 v.Chr. (Thuk. 1,45,2; IG I3 364,9); 439-32 Nauarch bei Neapolis (Timaios FGrH 566 F 98); führte evtl. eine Gesandtschaft nach Susa (Strab. 1,3,1). Vielleicht identisch mit D. bei Athen. 10,436e. Kinzl, Konrad (Peterborough) Bibliography Fraser/Matthews (1)  Davies, 4386. [English version] [2] Athenischer Stratege um 390 v. Chr. Athenischer Stratege. 390/89 v.Chr. Befehlshaber des athenischen S…

(Πεισίστρατος). [English version] [1] Begleiter des Telemachos Sohn des Nestor [1], des Herrschers von Pylos, und der Eurydike. Er begleitet den gleichaltrigen Telemachos nach Sparta (Hom. Od. 3,400-483; 15,44ff.; Paus. 4,1,4). Waldner, Katharina (Berlin) [English version] [2] Sohn des Peisistratos [1] Sohn des P. [1], Enkel Nestors [1]. Er geht als einziger der Neliden nicht nach Athen, als diese von den Herakliden aus Messenien vertrieben werden (Paus. 2,18,8f.; Hdt. 5,65). Waldner, Katharina (Berlin) Bibliography J. Andrée-Hanslik, s.v. P., RE 19, 155f. [English version] [3…

[English version] (Πεισίαναξ). Athener, Alkmaionide (Alkmaionidai), Bruder der Isodike, die um 480 v.Chr. Kimon [2] heiratete. P. stiftete die um 460 auf der Nordseite der athen. Agora beim panathenaiischen Weg errichtete Stoa Peisianakteios, deren Fundamente nördlich der h. Hadrianu-Straße teilweise freigelegt sind. Vier große Bildtafeln (z.B. Marathonschlacht: [1]) zierten diese später als Stoa Poikile bekannte Halle. Kinzl, Konrad (Peterborough) Bibliography 1 E. Harrison, The South Frieze of the Nike Temple and the Marathon Painting in the Painted St…

(Φαίαξ). [English version] [1] Stammvater der Phaiakes Myth. Stammvater der Phaiakes, Vater des Alkinoos [1] und des Lokros [3] (Diod. 4,72,2; anders Hom. Od. 7,54ff.; Nausithoos [1]). Käppel, Lutz (Kiel) [English version] [2] myth. Schiffsoffizier des Theseus Myth. Schiffsoffizier des Theseus, zusammen mit Nausithoos [3] (Plut. Theseus 17). Käppel, Lutz (Kiel) Bibliography Deubner, 225. [English version] [3] Athen. Politiker, 5. Jh. v. Chr. Athener, Sohn des Eresistratos, Acharner (Aischin. 3,138; Ostraka [3. 78 Nr. 152]); aus vornehmer Familie und etwa gl…

[English version] (Πλαγγών). Tochter des athen. stratēgós des J. 389 v.Chr. Pamphilos [1], geb. vor 404. Erste Frau des Mantias [1], dem sie Boiotos (alias Mantitheos) und - außerehelich nach Scheidung und Tod ihrer Nachfolgerin - Pamphilos gebar. Zum Rechtshandel um das Namensrecht zwischen “Mantitheos” und Halbbruder Mantitheos [3] vgl. Demosth. or. 38 und [Demosth.] or. 39f. (ca. 350). Kinzl, Konrad (Peterborough) Bibliography Davies, 365f.  Traill, PAA 774575.

(Πατροκλῆς). [English version] [1] Athen. Amtsträger (Ende 5. Jh. v. Chr.) Athener, im J. (404/)403 v.Chr. árchōn basileús; Verwandter des Isokrates und von ihm verteidigt (Isokr. or. 18,5). Kinzl, Konrad (Peterborough) Bibliography Develin, 94 Nr. 1  Traill, PAA 768600. [English version] [2] Ankläger des Demosthenes Athener aus Phlya; seine Paranomieklage ( paranómōn graphḗ ) gegen Demosthenes [2] (Demosth. or. 18,5) wurde einhellig zurückgewiesen und kostete ihn 500 Drachmen Bußgeld. Kinzl, Konrad (Peterborough) Bibliography Traill, PAA 768710. [English version] [3] g…

(Πολύευκτος). [English version] [1] Sohn des Atheners Themistokles Drittältester Sohn des Themistokles und dessen erster Frau Archippe, der Tochter des Lysandros von Alopeke (der den zweitältesten, Diokles, adoptierte); unbekannten Lebenslaufes. Kinzl, Konrad (Peterborough) Bibliography Davies, 6669  R. Frost, Plutarch's Themistocles. A Historical Commentary, 1980, ad 32,1  Traill, PAA, 778325. [English version] [2] athen. Rhetor, 2. H. 4. Jh. v. Chr. Sohn des Sostratos aus dem Demos Sphettos, athen. Rhetor der 2. H. des 4. Jh. v. Chr. im Umkreis des Dem…

(Δημάρατος). [English version] [1] Korinthischer Aristokrat, 7. Jh.v.Chr. Korinthischer Aristokrat, Angehöriger der Familie der Bakchiadai. D. gelangte um die Mitte des 7. Jh.v.Chr. als Kaufmann bes. durch den Handel mit Etrurien zu Wohlstand. Als er unter der Herrschaft des Kypselos Korinth verlassen mußte, ließ er sich mit seinem Gefolge in Tarquinii nieder und heiratete eine etr. Aristokratin. Antiker Tradition zufolge gingen aus der Ehe zwei Söhne hervor, u.a. der erste etr. König Roms, Tarquinius P…

[English version] Phoiniker aus Tyros (Diod. 14,98) oder Kition (Theop. FGrH 115 F 103), der den tyrischen Usurpator von Salamis ca. 415 v. Chr. ermordete (Isokr. or. 9,26). Der unter A. nach Soloi geflüchtete Euagoras kehrte 411 zurück (Isokr. or. 9,26-32; Diod.l.c.) und stellte die griech. Monarchie wieder her. Kinzl, Konrad (Peterborough) Bibliography H. Berve, Die Tyrannis bei den Griechen, 1967, 341  F. G. Maier, Cyprus and Phoenicia, CAH 62, 312.

(Χαρῖνος). [English version] [1] Gegner Megaras, 5. Jh. v.Chr. Beantragte 433/32 v.Chr. im Sinne des Perikles ein Gesetz zu ewigem Haß und tätiger Feindschaft gegen Megara wegen Ermordung eines Herolds (Plut. Perikles 30,3; mor. 812C-D; PA 15434). Kinzl, Konrad (Peterborough) Bibliography Develin 101  P.M. Fraser, E. Matthews, A Lexicon of Greek personal names, Bd. 2, 1994, 475, Nr. 4. [English version] [2] Athener, ca. 340 v.Chr. Makedonenfreundlicher Athener, ca. 340 v.Chr. (Demosth. or. 58,37f.; Deinarch. 1,63; PA 15437). Kinzl, Konrad (Peterborough) Bibliography P.M. Fra…