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Pomponia

(291 words)

Author(s): Strothmann, Meret (Bochum)
[German version] [1] Mother of P. Cornelius [I 71] Scipio Africanus Mother of P. Cornelius [I 71] Scipio Africanus, whom she (according to Liv. 26,19,6; Gell. 6,1,1-4) is supposed (in imitation of the history of the birth of Alexander [4] the Great) to have conceived with a snake (= Jupiter). He is also supposed to have given her an account of a dream of his, that he and his elder brother Lucius would take office as aediles, and she was very moved by this (Pol. 10,4,4-5,7); the story is incredible and fallacious (cf. [1. 200 f.]). Perhaps with its help Scipio married …

Postumia

(74 words)

Author(s): Strothmann, Meret (Bochum)
[German version] Last member of the Postumii Albini gens. Born in c. 94, wife of the lawyer Servius Sulpicius Rufus ( cos. in 51). Her children were a son of the same name and a daughter Sulpicia. Cicero mentions P. and her son (Cic. Att. 5,21,9; cf. Shackleton Bailey ad. loc.; Cic. Fam. 4,2,1; 4,2,4; Cic. Phil. 9,5.). Suetonius (Suet. Iul. 50,1) mentions P. among the high-ranking women Caesar seduced. Strothmann, Meret (Bochum)

Fritigern

(180 words)

Author(s): Meier, Mischa (Bielefeld) | Strothmann, Meret (Bochum)
[German version] Dux ( reiks) of the  Tervingi; in AD 376, with the permission of  Valens and under threat from the Huns, he led his tribe as dediticiideditio ) across the Danube to Thrace (Amm. Marc. 31,4,8; Iord. Get. 134), where the Arian won over parts of the indigenous population. After conflicts with the Romans the Goths defeated the Romans on 9 Sept. 378 in the battle of Hadrianople (Amm. Marc. 31,6,3-5; 11,5; 12,8 [1. 133-139]). F., who was not able to take advantage of the victory because his …

Helvia

(195 words)

Author(s): Strothmann, Meret (Bochum) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] [1] Mother of Cicero Mother of Cicero, never mentioned by him, described by his brother as a painstaking housewife (Cic. Fam. 16,26,2), led a blameless life (Plut. Cicero 1,1). Strothmann, Meret (Bochum) [German version] [2] Wife of Seneca the Elder, 1st cent. AD Wife of Seneca the Elder whom she lost in AD 40 (Sen. Dial. 12,2,4; 19,4).  Seneca the Younger, one of her three sons, wrote for her in exile the consolatory discourse Ad Helviam. PIR2 H 78. Strothmann, Meret (Bochum) [German version] [3] Sister-in-law of Seneca the Elder, 1st cent. AD Elder sister of H. [2]. Her…

Duenos inscription

(465 words)

Author(s): Meier, Mischa (Bielefeld) | Strothmann, Meret (Bochum)
[German version] An inscription in archaic Latin on the so-called ‘Vasculum Dresselianum’, a ceramic vessel discovered in Rome, south-east of the Quirinal, in 1880 by H. Dressel. The triangular object with rounded tips and concave sides (length of sides: 10,3-10,5 cm; max. height: 4,5 cm; cf. [1. 55]) has a round opening at each tip. The inscription is on the outer side, written in three lines to be read from right to left (see fig.; other fig. in [1; 2. 134f., 140]; a version of transcription in [3. 70]). The dating of the text ranges from the 7th to the late 3rd cent. BC; ar…

British Usurpation

(197 words)

Author(s): Strothmann, Meret (Bochum)
[German version] Usurpation within the Roman Empire, in Britain (AD 286-296) and in the coastal region of north-west Gaul (AD 286-293). The praefectus classis Britannicae  Carausius, under threat of execution for alleged misappropriation of booty, had himself acclaimed emperor, went to Britain with his fleet, and there and on the channel coast of Gaul ( Gesoriacum) set up the British Usurpation (BU). Rulership and administration followed the Roman model; consolidation of his rule and stimulation of th…

Lutatia

(56 words)

Author(s): Strothmann, Meret (Bochum)
[German version] Daughter of Q. Lutatius [3] Catulus ( cos. in 102 BC) and Servilia, sister of Q. Lutatius [4] Catulus ( cos. in 78), she was the first wife of the orator Q. Hortensius [7] Hortalus to whom she remained married until her death in about 55 BC (Cic. De Or. 3,228f.). Strothmann, Meret (Bochum)

Marcia

(1,003 words)

Author(s): Strothmann, Meret (Bochum) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] [1] Possibly daughter of Q. Marcius Philippus (cos. 281 BC) Possibly daughter of Q. Marcius [I 16] Philippus ( cos. 281 BC), wife of M. Atilius [I 21] Regulus, mother of two sons (Sil. Pun. 6,403-409; 576). As a widow she allegedly took revenge on two Carthaginians who had promised to protect her husband (Diod. Sic. 24,12; HRR I 144f. fr. 5). Strothmann, Meret (Bochum) [German version] [2] Grandmother of Caesar According to Suet. Iul. 6,1 from the royal family of the Marcii Reges, grandmother of Caesar.…

Victoria

(690 words)

Author(s): Scherf, Johannes (Tübingen) | Strothmann, Meret (Bochum)
[German version] [1] Roman goddess and personification of victory Roman goddess and personification of victory, etymologically derived from vincere, "to be victorious" [5. 2501]. In contrast to Nike, her Greek counterpart whom she followed closely in her personification and iconography (as winged goddess, often with cornucopia, wreath and palm leaf: [4. 239-269]), V. was worshipped early and independently in her cult as the symbol of victory achieved (mostly militarily, therefore the close connection to Mars, according to CIL III 4412; VII 220; V. in the pompa circensis

Dies imperii

(223 words)

Author(s): Strothmann, Meret (Bochum)
[German version] The day of assuming power, usually also the official recognition of the ruler by the Senate or the army ( Soldier emperors). The exception is  Vespasian: his dies imperii was 1 July 69 AD but the recognition by the Senate came on 21 December 69. The dies imperii is attested, for example, for Caligula in the Acta Arvalium ( quod Imperator appellatus est, Acta Arvalium, CIL VI 32347, 9c 10, see [1]). As in the Hellenistic model, the annually repeated public celebration was the most important after the dies natalis ( Birthday B.) of the   princeps [2. 1137-1145]. The dies imperi…

Fundania

(50 words)

Author(s): Strothmann, Meret (Bochum)
[German version] Daughter of Marcius Fundanius, presumably the second wife of M. Terentius Varro, who dedicated De re rustica, bk. 1 to her in 36 BC (Rust. 1,1,1; 2, praef. 6 with comm. in [1. ad loc.]. Strothmann, Meret (Bochum) Bibliography 1 D. Flach, Gespräche über die Landwirtschaft, 1996 and 1997.

Gesimund

(87 words)

Author(s): Meier, Mischa (Bielefeld) | Strothmann, Meret (Bochum)
[German version] Son of Hunimund the Elder, first Gothi…

Daochus

(157 words)

Author(s): Meier, Mischa (Bielefeld) | Strothmann, Meret (Bochum)
(Δάοχος; Dáochos). [German version] [1] D.I. Tagos of the Thessalian koinon 431-404 BC from Pharsalus, son of Agias, was the   tagos of the Thessalian koinon for 27 years ( c. 431-404 BC?); his tageia was reputedly a time of peace and prosperity (Syll.3 273) [1. 110f.]. Meier, Mischa (Bielefeld) Strothmann, Meret (Bochum) [German version] [2] D. II. Thessalian, envoy of Philip II 338 BC high-ranking Thessalian, grandson of D. [1]. In 338 BC, Philip II sent him together with others to the Thebans to procure support against Athens (Pol. 18,4,4; Dem. Or. 18,211…

Gundiok

(112 words)

Author(s): Meier, Mischa (Bielefeld) | Strothmann, Meret (Bochum)
[German version] (Gundovech). King of the Burgundians in AD 457-470, from the family of  Athanaric [1. 44], married a sister of Ricimer (Malalas 374-75; Johannes Antiochenus fr. 209), his sons are Gundobad, Godigisclus, Chilperic and Godomer (Greg. Tur. Franc. 2,28). As an ally of Theoderic II he attacked in 455 with his brother Chilperic I the Suebians in Gaul and settled there after the victory of Theoderic in 457. In 463 he was magister utriusque militiae (per Gallias); in the same year he informed Pope Hilarius about the irregular administration of the bishop of  Vienna (Hilarius Epist. 9 Thiel). PLRE 2,523f. (Gundiocus). Meier, Mischa (Bielefeld) Strothmann, Meret (Bochum) Bibliography …

Flaccus

(255 words)

Author(s): Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) | Albiani, Maria Grazia (Bologna) | Meier, Mischa (Bielefeld) | Strothmann, Meret (Bochum)
Roman cognomen (‘floppy-eared’), probably originally an individual cognomen, in the Republican period especially widespread in the senatorial families of the Fulvii, Norbani and Valerii, and in the Imperial period also among numerous other families. Nickname of the poet Q.  Horatius F. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [1] Statilius F. Writer of epigrams Writer of epigrams. The cognomen F. is often mentioned in combination with the nomen Statilius (Στατύλλιος Φλάκκος; Statýllios Phlákkos). He lived at the beginning of the 1st cent. AD, if the Latin ver…

Iunia

(552 words)

Author(s): Strothmann, Meret (Bochum)
[German version] [1] Daughter of D. Iunius [I 30] Silanus and Servilia Daughter of D. Iunius [I 30] Silanus and Servilia, the niece of Cato, wife of M. Aemilius [I 12] Lepidus (Cic. Phil. 13,8; Vell. Pat. 2,88,1). In 30 BC she was accused of knowing of her eldest son's attack on Octavian, but was acquitted (App. B Civ. 4,50). Strothmann, Meret (Bochum) [German version] [2] I. Tertia Sister of I. [1], half-sister of M. Iunius [I 10] Brutus (Suet. Iul. 50,2; Cic. Brut. 3,3; also known as I. Tertulla: Cic. Att. 14,202; 15,…

Euricus, Euric

(323 words)

Author(s): Meier, Mischa (Bielefeld) | Strothmann, Meret (Bochum)
[German version] (also Eurichus, Euarix). King of the Visigoths in AD 466-484, son of Theoderic I, succeeded to the throne after the murder of his brother Theoderic II (Iord. Get. 190; Hydatius Lemiensis 237). E.'s reign was marked by the constant endeavour to expand the area of his kingdom (originally Aquitania II, Novempopulana and parts of Narbonensis I) and to weaken the dependence on Rome, which is clear from the termination of the   foedus with the Romans. From 468 he advanced against the Suebi and in the following years conquered almost the e…

Isidorus

(2,455 words)

Author(s): Strothmann, Meret (Bochum) | Oelsner, Joachim (Leipzig) | Eck, Werner (Cologne) | Rist, Josef (Würzburg) | Johne, Klaus-Peter (Berlin) | Et al.
(Ἰσίδωρος; Isídōros). [German version] [1] Pirate captain, defeated by Lucullus at Tenedus in 72 BC Pirate captain who organized the Cilician pirates in the area around Crete, was besieged in 78 BC by P. Servilius Isauricus (Flor. 1,41,3), later entered the service of Mithridates and in 72 was defeated by Lucullus in the naval battle of Tenedos at the entrance to the Dardanelles (App. Mithr. 77, Memnon 42,2 = FHG 3,548) and killed (Plut. Lucullus 12.2). Strothmann, Meret (Bochum) [German version] …
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