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Aristobulus
(1,172 words)
(Ἀριστόβουλος;
Aristóboulos). [German version] [1] Judas A. I., High Priest 104-103 BC Judas A. I, son and successor of John Hyrcanus, High Priest in 104-103 BC, had his mother and brother incarcerated or killed to secure his rule. This and his philhellenic leanings determined his negative image in Jewish tradition. The claim of Josephus that he took on the title of king is thrown into doubt by (rare) coins with the Hebrew legend: ‘Judas the High Priest and the Council of Elders of the Jews’. During his ca…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Leonnatus
(276 words)
[German version] (Λεόννατος;
Leónnatos). L., who was born around 356 BC to the royal house of Lyncestis ( Lyncus), may have been the son of a certain Anteas. In 336 he took part in the prosecution of the murderer of Philippus II. As one of his
hetairoi, L. was sent by Alexander [4] the Great with a message of solace to the family of Dari…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Antipater
(2,083 words)
[German version] [1] Macedonian commander (320-319 BC) Son of Iolaus, 399/398 BC, was certainly already active militarily and diplomatically under Philippus and under his father Amyntas and brothers. He was especially connected with Alexander [4] and secured his throne after the murder of Philippus. During Alexander's invasion in Asia he remained with half of the Macedonian army as governor of Europe. He monitored Greece and sent mercenaries and Macedonian contingents during the first year of the …
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Brill’s New Pauly
Asander
(328 words)
(Ἀσάνδρος;
Asándros) [German version] [1] Macedonian satrap of Lydia (334-331 BC) Son of a certain Philotas, probably related to Parmenion, under Alexander [4] the Great t…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Eurydice
(660 words)
(Εὐρυδίκη;
Eurydíkē). [German version] [1] Frequently occurring name of Greek heroines Frequently occurring name of Greek heroines, initially that of the wife of Aeneas in the Cypria (Paus. 10,26,1; catalogue [1. 193]). The best-known is the wife of Orpheus; the myth is told by Vergilius (Georg. 4,453-527) and Ovidius (Met. 10,1-147; 11,1-66) in the form that has since become canonical: E. died of a snakebite on the day of her marriage; through the power of his songs Orpheus was able to persuade the ru…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Dropides
(91 words)
[German version] (Δρωπίδης;
Drōpídēs). From an aristocratic Athenian family (an ancestor with the same name was an archon in 645/4 BC and related to Solon); according to Curtius 3,13,15, he was one of the three Athenian emissaries to Darius [3] captured by Parmenion after the battle of Issus (in 333). The account in Arrian An. 3,24,4, needs to be corrected in some details where it deviates from Curtius [1. 1, 233f.] but reports credibly that Alexander [4] had him arrested. His fate is unknown. Badian, Ernst (Cambridge, MA) …
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Brill’s New Pauly
Meleager
(1,879 words)
(Μελέαγρος/
Meléagros, Lat.
Meleager). [German version] [1] Hero from the pre-Trojan period, Argonaut Mythological hero. Hero from the generation before the Trojan War, from Calydon [3], the capital city of the Aetolians. As one the Argonauts ( Argonautae) M. participated in the funereal games for Pelias (Stesich. PMG 179; Diod. 4,48,4). As the brother of Deianeira he is also linked with the Hercules cycle (Bacchyl. 5,170-175; Pind. fr. 70b). First and foremost, however, he is associated with the local legend of Calydon. In the archaic period there were two variations of the myth. According to one of these, M., the son of Ares, was killed by Apollo while fighting…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Antigonus
(1,768 words)
(Ἀντίγονος;
Antígonos). [German version] [1] Monophthalmus Diadoch (‘The One-eyed’), 382-301 BC. Hetairos of Philippus and Alexander [4], married to Stratonice, was the father of Demetrius. During Alexander's invasion of Asia, commander of the Greek hoplites, satrap of Greater Phrygia from 333 until Alexander's death [323]. He defeated rebels and remnants of Persian troops, he gained Lycao…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Menander
(3,637 words)
(Μένανδρος;
Ménandros). [German version] [1] Joint strategos with Nicias, 414 BC The Athenians M. and Euthydemus [1], who were already in Sicily, were chosen as joint
strategoi of Nicias towards the end of 414 BC, during the Sicilian Expedition, to support him until the relief expedition of Demosthenes [1] arrived (413) (Thucyd. 7,16,1; Plut. Nicias 20,2); re-elected 413/12 (Plut. Nicias 20,6-8; Thucyd. 7,69,4; Diod. 13, 13,2). Possibly identical with the M. who fought in Abydus in 409 (Xen. Hell. 1,2,16). He was
stratēgós with Tydeus (405/4) in the defeat at Aigos potamoi (Xen. Hell. 2,1,16; 26; Plu…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Aristander
(169 words)
[German version] [1] Visionary from Telmessus (4th cent. BC) Visionary from Telmessus, in the service first of Philippus, then of Alexander [4] the Great; hero of many anecdotes which only report on successful predictions; no further references after the death of Cleitus. Prophecies of the future success of some of the Diadochi have turned out to be fabrications. …
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Brill’s New Pauly
Neoptolemus
(2,308 words)
(Νεοπτόλεμος;
Neoptólemos). [German version] [1] Son of Achilles and Deidamia The son of Achilles [1] and Deidamia, the daughter of king Lycomedes [1] of Scyros. Rare but explainable variants of the mother's name are Pyrrha (Heliodorus 3,2 = Anth. Pal. 9,485,8) and Iphigenia (Duris of Samos FGrH 76 F 88; on this FGrH 2 C 130). Homer only knows the name N., and Pyrrhus probably only becomes more common in the 4th cent. (first Theopompus FGrH 115 F 355) because of dynastic considerations of the Epirote king…
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Demarchus
(98 words)
(Δήμαρχος;
Dḗmarchos). [German version] [1] Lycian, honoured in Samos Son of Taron, Lycian, rewarded with citizenship and privileges of honour for his services to the Samians (at the time of their banning) and to Phila on Samos (Syll.3 333). Badian, Ernst (Cambridge, MA) [German version] [2] Syracusan strategos c. 400 BC Syracusan
strategos, who in 411 BC, as one of the followers of the exiled Hermocrates, commanded the Syracusan fleet in the Aegean (Thuc. 8,85,3; Xen. Hell. 1,1,29) and was removed in 405/4 by Dionysius I as a political rival (Diod. Sic. 13,96,3). Meister, Klaus (Berli…
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Abdalonymus
(57 words)
[German version] Impoverished offspring of a king of Sidon, put in the place of Straton as city-king by Alexander [4] and outfitted richly. Embellished in Curt. 4,2,15-26 and Diod. Sic. 17,47 as a philosophical novella. He is probably the person for whom the Alexander Sarcophagus was made. Badian, Ernst (Cambridge, MA) Bibliography Berve II no. 1.
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Meno
(805 words)
(Μένων;
Ménōn). [German version] [1] Recipient of Athenian citizenship according to Demosthenes For his support for the Athenians in their attack on Eion [1] on the Strymon, M. of Pharsalus was, according to Demosthenes (Or. 13,23), awarded
…
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