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Servants in husbandry
(3,380 words)
1. DefinitionThe German term
Gesinde (servants in husbandry; from OHG
gisind, “liegeman”) denotes the servants (Knecht) and maids employed (mostly) for pay in agricultural production. Unlike day laborers, they entered into a non-seasonal contract (see 2. below) with a peasant farmer (Peasants) and were integrated into the peasant household (Ganzes Haus).Antje Flüchter2. Social aspectsThe peasant family can be thought of as a potential workforce, whose size and composition depended on the current phase of the family cycle. In early modern Eu…
Date:
2021-08-02
Serfdom
(2,458 words)
1. Definition and prevalenceSerfdom has been defined as the “personal dependence of an individual on another individual under the feudal system” [7. 1761] (Feudal society). For jurists in the first centuries of the early modern period, the prohibition against leaving the seigneur’s territory was the central criterion that distinguished serfdom from personal freedom (Soil bondage) [5. 210]. In Marxist presentations, serfdom has been elevated to an epochal term (the “second serfdom” or refeudalization in contrast to the “first serfdom,” medieval b…
Date:
2021-08-02