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Gospel
(4,111 words)
[German Version] I. Terminology – II. Genre – III. Dogmatics
I. Terminology The Greek noun εὐαγγέλιο…
Source:
Religion Past and Present
Wilder
(525 words)
[German Version]
1. Amos Niven (Sep 18, 1895, Madison, WI – May 1, 1993, Cambridge, MA), New Testament scholar and poet. From 1916 to 1918, Wilder served as a volunteer in the Balkans and France. He studied at Oberlin College, Oxford, Harvard, and Yale, receiving his Ph.D. in 1933; he taught at the Andover Newton Theological Seminary (1933–1943), the University of Chicago (1943–1954), and Harvard (1954–1963). He emphasized the relationship of mythology and symbolism to the historical reality of the p…
Source:
Religion Past and Present
Pergamum
(979 words)
[German Version] (pre-Gk “fortress”), on the Caicus (modern Bakir) in southern Mysia, 26 km from the coast, on a high hill (over 300 m) that drops steeply to the west, north, and east. In the Archaic and Classical periods, Pergamum/Pergamon was a fortress with a small settlement; in the late 6th century bce it came under Persian rule. After liberation by Alexander the Great, it came into the hands of the diadoch Antigonus, then Lysimachus (301–281 bce), who used it as the depository for his treasury of 20,000 talents, under the protection of the castellan Philetaerus. In 282 bce, Philetaerus went over to t…
Source:
Religion Past and Present
Nock, Arthur Darby
(200 words)
[German Version] (Feb 21, 1902, Portsmouth, England – Jan 11, 1963, Cambridge, MA, USA), classical philologist and historian of religion. After studies at Trinity College, Cambridge, he taught at Harvard University from 1930 until his death. His early work on Sallust,
On the Gods and the Universe (1926), aroused ¶ his interest in the history of religions, as became evident later in his contributions to the history of Roman religion in the
Cambridge Ancient History and his
Conversion (1933) and
St. Paul (1936). As a historian, he devoted his attention to inscriptions, papyri,…
Source:
Religion Past and Present
Mark, Secret Gospel of
(380 words)
[German Version] The only existing fragments of the Secret Gospel of Mark are two quotes in a letter of Clement of Alexandria (authenticity is disputed) copied around 1750, which was discovered by Morton Smith in 1958 in Mar Saba Monastery (Sabas Monastery; 18 km southeast of Jerusalem). The letter is a reply to the question of a certain Theodorus concerning the “Secret Gospel” used by the Carpocratians (Carpocrates/Carpocratians). Clement describes this gospel as a forgery of the Secret Gospel authored in Alexandria by Mark himself, which is only ¶ read by those who “are initiated into the great mysteries.” Clement quotes two episodes from the Secret Gospel of Mark: 1. a narrative of the raising of a young man in Bethany inserted after Mark 10:34; 2. an encounter of Jesus in Jericho (after Mark 10:46a) with the sister and mother of the resuscitated man and with Salome. Attached to the resuscitation narrative is an account relating that the resuscitated young man, wearing only a linen cloth, came to Jesus in the night after six days and that Jesus instructed him in “the secret (sg.) of the kingdom of God.” The wording and style of these quotes are consistent with Mark. The resuscitation story is a variant of the raising of Lazarus (John 11), but appears in an older form in which traces of Johannine redaction are lacking. The gospel from …
Source:
Religion Past and Present
John, Gospel of
(1,581 words)
1. Structure and Contents The main body of the Gospel of John comprises two sections: the public ministry of Jesus (2:1–11:54) and the parting discourses and the passion (11:55–19:42). The prologue, with the story of John the Baptist and the calling of the disciples, forms …
Nock
(176 words)
[English Version] Nock,
Arthur Darby (21.2.1902 Portsmouth, England – 11.1.1963 Cambridge, MA, USA), klassischer Philologe und Religionshistoriker, Studium am Trinity College, Cambridge, Prof. an der Harvard Universität von 1930 bis zu seinem Tod. Seine frühe Arbeit über Sallust, »On the Gods and the Universe« (1926), führte ihn zur Religionsgeschichte, was später in seinen Beiträgen zur Gesch. der römischen Religion in der »Cambridge Ancient History« und in seinen Werken »Conversion« (1933) und »St. Paul« (1936) evident wurde. Als Historiker schenkte er seine Aufmerksamkeit den Inschriften, Papyri und Münzen (wichtiges Material in der 2. Aufl. von M.P. Nilssons »Gesch. der griech. Rel.«, Bd.2, 1961). Hauptwerk ist die krit. Ausg. des Corpus Hermeticum (4 Bde., 1945–1954; Hermetik/Hermetica), die er zus. mit Andre´-Jean Festugie`…
Pergamon
(810 words)
[English Version] (vorgriech. »Festung«), im südlichen Mysien am Kaikos, 26 km von der Küste entfernt, auf einem nach Westen, Norden und Osten steil abfallenden Berg (über 300 m hoch) gelegen. P. war in archaischer und klassischer Zeit eine Festung und kleine Siedlung, seit dem späten 6.Jh. v.Chr. unter pers. Oberhoheit. Nach Befreiung durch Alexander den Großen kam es in den Besitz des Diadochen Antigonos, fiel dann an Lysimachos (301–281 v.Chr.), der dort seinen Staatsschatz von 20 000 Talenten unter dem Schutz…
