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Regillus

(42 words)

Author(s): Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum)
[German version] Roman cognomen (diminutive of rex, 'king'); in the Republican era, a byname of the family of the Aemilii (Aemilius [I 35-36]); in the Imperial era, also in other families. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) Bibliography 1 Degrassi, FCIR, 265 2 Kajanto, Cognomina, 316.

Regillus

(38 words)

Author(s): Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum)
[English version] Röm. Cogn. (Diminutiv von rex, “König”), in republikanischer Zeit Beiname in der Familie der Aemilii (Aemilius [I 35-36]); in der Kaiserzeit auch in anderen Familien. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) Bibliography 1 Degrassi, FCIR, 265 2 Kajanto, Cognomina, 316.

Lacus Regillus

(90 words)

Author(s): Bianchetti, Serena (Florence)
[German version] Crater lake (now dry) in agro Tusculano (Liv. 2,19ff.) near Frascati; modern Pantano Secco. In 499 or 496 BC, a battle between Romans and Latini took place there (Liv. l.c.; Dion. Hal. Ant. Rom. 6,3,3, with the rumour that the Dioscuri had caused the Roman victory). The foedus Cassianum , which was agreed afterwards, regulated the return of Rome into the Latin League. Bianchetti, Serena (Florence) Bibliography A. Alföldi, Early Rome and the Latins, 1965, 111-116 M. Pallottino, Origini e storia primitiva di Roma, 1993, 322-323.

Lacus Regillus

(83 words)

Author(s): Bianchetti, Serena (Florenz)
[English version] Vulkansee in agro Tusculano (Liv. 2,19ff.) nahe Frascati; h. (ausgetrocknet) Pantano Secco. Dort fand 499 oder 496 v.Chr. ein Gefecht zw. Römern und Latini statt (Liv. l.c.; Dion. Hal. ant. 6,3,3, mit dem Gerücht, die Dioskuroi hätten den röm. Sieg verursacht). Das daraufhin abgeschlossene foedus Cassianum regelte die Rückkehr Roms in den Latinischen Bund (Latinischer Städtebund). Bianchetti, Serena (Florenz) Bibliography A. Alföldi, Early Rome and the Latins, 1965, 111-116  M. Pallottino, Origini e storia primitiva di Roma, 1993, 322-323.

Regillensis

(47 words)

Author(s): Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum)
[German version] Roman cognomen in the family of the Postumii (Postumius [I 13-15]); tradition has it that it was granted to the first Postumius to bear it for his victory in the battle at Lacus Regillus in 496 BC. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) Bibliography Kajanto, Cognomina, 183.

Regillensis

(40 words)

Author(s): Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum)
[English version] Röm. Cogn. in der Familie der Postumii (Postumius [I 13-15]); nach der Trad. dem ersten Träger Postumius wegen seines Sieges 496 v. Chr. in der Schlacht am Lacus Regillus verliehen. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) Bibliography Kajanto, Cognomina, 183.

Foedus Cassianum

(240 words)

Author(s): Galsterer, Hartmut (Bonn)
[German version] Alliance entered into with the Latins after the victory over them at the Lacus Regillus in 493 BC by the consul Sp.  Cassius [I 19] Vecellinus, which was extended to the Hernici in 486. The document was still preserved at the time of Cicero on a bronze column (the original?) in the Forum (Cic. Balb. 53). The historicity of the text is acknowledged today, as is the early dating, contrary to earlier research [1. 68f.; 2. 299-301]. The main conditions are found in Dion. Hal. Ant. Rom. 6,95: peace …

Foedus Cassianum

(228 words)

Author(s): Galsterer, Hartmut (Bonn)
[English version] Nach dem Sieg über die Latiner am lacus Regillus 493 v.Chr. von dem Consul Sp. Cassius [I 19] Vecellinus geschlossenes Bündnis mit den Latinern, das 486 auf die Herniker ausgedehnt wurde. Das Dokument war noch in Ciceros Zeit auf einer Bronzesäule (der originalen?) am Forum erhalten (Cic. Balb. 53). Die Historizität des Textes wird heute, ebenso wie die Frühdatierung, gegenüber der früheren Forschung anerkannt [1. 68f.; 2. 299-301]. Die hauptsächlichen Bestimmungen finden sich bei Dion. …

Transvectio equitum

(365 words)

Author(s): Siebert, Anne Viola (Hannover)
[German version] Parade of the iuventus of Roman equites on 15 July. Its route led from the Temple of Mars to the Porta Capena, the Temple of Castor and Pollux, and up to the Temple of Iuppiter Optimus Maximus on the  Capitolium (sources: Liv. 9,46,15; Vir. ill. 32,2). There are mythical/cultic and constitutional versions of the origins of this institution, whose beginnings can be traced to the 4th cent. BC. The first is connected with the help given by the Dioscuri in the battle between the Romans and …

Satricum

(276 words)

Author(s): Morciano, Maria Milvia (Florence)
[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Coloniae | Latini, Latium City in Latium on the road from Antium to Velitrae, near modern Borgo Montello to the northeast of Anzio. Traces of settlement from the 10th century BC on. In the 7th/6th century BC an Etruscan foundation. In the 5th/4th century BC S. was a settlement of the  Volsci, who participated in the battle of Lacus Regillus on the side of the Latini (Dion. Hal. ant.  5,61,3). S. was destroyed twice in the course of the Roman-Latin …

Satricum

(236 words)

Author(s): Morciano, Maria Milvia; Ü:H.D.
[English version] Dieser Ort ist auf folgenden Karten verzeichnet: Coloniae | Latini, Latium Stadt in Latium an der Straße von Antium nach Velitrae, beim h. Borgo Montello nordöstl. von Anzio. Siedlungsspuren seit dem 10. Jh. v. Chr. Im 7./6. Jh. v. Chr. etr. Stadtgründung. Im 5./4. Jh. v. Chr. war S. eine Siedlung der Volsci, die auf seiten der Latini an der Schlacht beim Lacus Regillus teilnahmen (Dion. Hal. ant. 5,61,3). S. wurde in den röm.-latinischen Auseinandersetzungen zwei Mal zerstört - im J. 377 (…

Epicrates

(390 words)

Author(s): Schmitz, Winfried (Bielefeld) | Stein-Hölkeskamp, Elke (Cologne) | Günther, Linda-Marie (Munich) | Bäbler, Balbina (Göttingen)
(Ἐπικράτης; Epikrátēs). [German version] [1] Democratic Athenian c. 400 BC Athenian who fought with the democrats against the oligarchy in 403 BC. In 397 he and  Cephalus advocated collaboration with Persia and a clean, quick break with Sparta, even at the risk of a new war (Hell. Oxy. 10, 1-2 Chambers). After Conon's victory in the Aegean in 394, he accompanied Phormisius to the Persian king as emissary of Athens. On his return he was accused of corruption but acquitted. In 392/1 he went to Sparta as an …

Latin Wars

(582 words)

Author(s): Eder, Walter (Berlin)
[German version] is the term for the military conflicts between Rome and the Latin League ( Latini D.) - of which Rome was not a member - and between Rome and individual Latin towns that sporadically occurred from the beginning of the Republic (about 510 BC) to the dissolution of the League by Rome in 338 BC. The first Latin War can be considered as an attempt of the Latins to end Rome's dominant position. Rome had become the dominant power among the Latins under its kings Servius Tullius [I 4] and Tarquinius [12] Superbus (cf. Liv. 1,52) and made it …

Epikrates

(372 words)

Author(s): Schmitz, Winfried (Bielefeld) | Stein-Hölkeskamp, Elke (Köln) | Günther, Linda-Marie (München) | Bäbler, Balbina (Göttingen)
(Ἐπικράτης). [English version] [1] Demokrat. Athener um 400 v. Chr. Athener. Kämpfte 403 v.Chr. auf seiten der Demokraten gegen die Oligarchie. 397 setzte er sich mit Kephalos für eine Zusammenarbeit mit Persien und einen raschen Bruch mit Sparta ein, auch auf die Gefahr eines neuen Krieges hin (Hell. Oxyrh. 10, 1-2 Chambers). Nach Konons Sieg in der Ägäis 394 mit Phormisios als Gesandter Athens beim persischen König. Nach seiner Rückkehr wegen Bestechlichkeit angeklagt, aber freigesprochen. 392/1 als Ges…

Transvectio equitum

(315 words)

Author(s): Siebert, Anne Viola
[English version] Parade der iuventus der römischen Ritter am 15. Juli. Ihr Verlauf führte vom Mars-Tempel über die Porta Capena, den Castor- und Pollux-Tempel hinauf zum Tempel des Iuppiter Optimus Maximus auf das Capitolium (Quellen: Liv. 9,46,15; Vir. ill. 32,2). Von der Entstehung dieser Veranstaltung, deren Anfänge in das 4. Jh. v. Chr. zurückzuverfolgen sind, gibt es eine myth.-sakrale und eine staatsrechtliche Version. Die erste steht im Zusammenhang mit der Hilfe der Dioskuroi bei der Schlac…

Tusculum

(668 words)

Author(s): Morciano, Maria Milvia (Florence)
[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Theatre | Tribus | Latini, Latium (modern Tuscolo). Town on the mons Albanus in Latium (Latini with map; Cic. Leg. agr. 2,96; Liv. 2,15,7; Str. 5,3,9: Τούσκλον/ Toúsklon; Diod. Sic. 11,40,5; Dion. Hal. Ant. Rom. 5,76; Cass. Dio 79,21; Ptol. 3,1,61: Τούσκουλον/ Toúskoulon; Steph. Byz. s.v. Τύσκλος). Foundation legends mention Telegonus (Liv. 1,49; Dion. Hal. Ant. Rom. 4,45, but cf. ibid. 1,72) or Latinus [2] Silvius as the founder (Diod. Sic. 7, fr. 4). As a member of the Latin League, T. was among those…

Mamilius

(656 words)

Author(s): Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) | Müller, Christian (Bochum) | Schmitt, Tassilo (Bielefeld)
Latin name of an ancient dynasty from Tusculum (in manuscripts frequently confused with Manilius and Manlius). Because the city was considered a foundation of Telegonus, the son of Odysseus and Circe, the Mamilii, from the early 2nd cent. BC at the latest, traced their lineage to Odysseus, via Mamilia, the daughter of Telegonus (coins: RRC 149; 362; in literature, from the Augustan period: Fest. 116f. L; Liv. 1,49,9; Dion. Hal. Ant. Rom. 4,45,1). In the 5th cent. BC, with M. [I 1] the family was accepted in Ro…

Tibur

(592 words)

Author(s): Vanotti, Gabriella (Novara)
[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Socii (Roman confederation) | Theatre | Tribus | Latini, Latium | Oracles (Τιβούρ/ Tiboúr, Τίβουρα/ Tíboura). City in Latium (Ptol. 3,1,58; Pol. 6,14,8; App. B Civ. 1,65), modern Tivoli, about 27 km to the east-northeast of Rome at the confluence of the Anio and the Empiglione; station on the via Valeria (Str. 5,3,11). Foundation legends are numerous, syntheses of local traditions and Hellenistic influences. One line of tradition traces the origin of the founder Catillus to Arcadia (Cato Ori…

Iuturna

(587 words)

Author(s): Mastrocinque, Attilio (Verona)
[German version] A Roman water nymph, whose name came to be associated with the Latin iuvare (‘to help’, ‘to support’) in popular etymology (Varro Ling. 5,71; Serv. Auct. Aen. 12,139). The ending - turna led to a connection with  Turnus, whose sister she was believed to be (Verg. Aen. 12,146). She is, however, also called Diurna (= the eternal, sc. Sources) (CIL VI 1, 3700). However, the etymology is still uncertain. I. is one of the mistresses of  Jupiter, who made her a goddess and gave her rule over lakes and rivers (Verg. Aen. 12,139-141). The nymph Lara/Tacita…

Mamilius

(579 words)

Author(s): Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) | Müller, Christian (Bochum) | Schmitt, Tassilo (Bielefeld)
Latin. Name der alten Herrscherfamilie aus Tusculum (hsl. häufig mit Manilius und Manlius verwechselt). Da die Stadt als Gründung des Telegonos, des Sohnes des Odysseus und der Kirke, galt, führten sich die Mamilii spätestens seit dem frühen 2. Jh.v.Chr. über Mamilia, die Tochter des Telegonos, auf Odysseus zurück (Mz.: RRC 149; 362; lit. seit augusteischer Zeit: Fest. 116f. L; Liv. 1,49,9; Dion. Hal. ant. 4,45,1). Im 5. Jh.v.Chr. wurde die Familie mit M. [I 1] in Rom aufgenommen, erlangten Angehörige der M. mehrfach das Consulat (M. [5-7]; wohl im 1. Jh. v.Chr. ausgestorben. …
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