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[German Version] Logia/Sayings Source/Q, terms for a second source (abbreviated with the siglum “Q” [for Ger. Quelle = source] since J. Weiß) that is believed to have existed alongside Mark and from which Matthew and Luke drew in the writing of their own Gospels. The postulated existence of such a document, which is neither attested by manuscripts nor mentioned in other sources, thus rests on the premise that the synoptic question can be resolved by the Two-Source Hypothesis. Within this hypothesis, the assumption of a no longer preserved source known to Matthew and Luke in a written Greek version is the most logical consequence: Matthew and Luke have a considerable amount of material in common that is not found in Mark; both with regard to the content and to linguistic features, this material appears to derive from a single source used by both …

[German Version] I. Religious Studies – II. Bible – III. Philosophy I. Religious Studies Memory, in the present context, is the ability to store motor skills, experiences, and learned materialover longer periods; remembrance on the other hand has to do with the use of memory. Individual memory is already ¶ socially conditioned (through language, socialization, cultural setting) and thus has a communicative character. Institutionalization (e.g. feasts, school) and objectivization (e.g. rites [Rite and ritual], texts) serve to stabilize the co…

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[German Version] I. Old Testament – II. Early Judaism – III. New Testament – IV. Historical Theology and Dogmatics – V. Social Ethics I. Old Testament Although English Bibles have generally used kingdom of God to render Heb. מַלְכּוּת/ malkût and Gk βασιλεία/ basileía with a divine subject (genitive), some modern translators prefer instead a purely functional term such as kingship, without spatial or geographical connotations. Such connotations were definitely implicit in the Hebrew expression, which furthermore is used only in the singular for kingship claiming universal sway (Kingship, Divine), as distinct from מַמְלָכָה/ mamlākāh, the domain ruled by an ordinary king (1 Chron 29:30; Ezra 1:1f.). There is very little mention of a kingdom of God in the Hebrew text; it does not appear in the Pentateuch except for the poetic interpolations Exod 15:18; Num 23:21; Deut 33:5. The predicate king applied to God plays an important role in the Psalter (20 occurrences out of 41 in the OT as a whole); here the primordial enthronement of God on his throne towering above Zion marks the beginning of God's everlasting reign (Isa 6:3f.; Ps 93); it was reenacted befo…

[English Version] I. Religionswissenschaftlich Im allg. Sprachgebrauch ist »T.« (lat. transdare, »weiterreichen, übergeben, überliefern«) als ein Festhalten und Bewahren konnotiert; als ein konservierendes Weiterreichen von Sitten, Bräu…

[German Version] I. Religious Studies In general usage, tradition (from Lat. transdare/ tradere, “hand on, transmit”) connotes retention and safeguarding, understood as a conservative handing down of mores, customs, norms, rules, and knowledge. The emphasis is on continuity with the past. Jan Assmann interprets tradition as an exemplary case of “cultural memory,” an enduring cultural construction of identity. In religions appeal to tradition is a prominent element justifying interpretations, practices, clai…