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Zarkaion oros
(41 words)
[German version] (Ζαρκαῖον ὄρος;
Zarkaîon óros). Craggy mountains between Chauon (modern Ḫōy in Iran) and Ecbatana (Diod. 2,13,5), and therefore a chain in the northern Zagrus mountains in Media. Olshausen, Eckart (Stuttgart) Bibliography H. Treidler, s. v. Z.o., RE 9 A, 2328.
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Forum
(8,477 words)
I. Archaeology and urban studies [German version] A. Definition and Function Latin term for market, market place; rarely also the forecourt of a tomb (in the meaning of Greek
drómos, e.g. Cic. Leg. 2,61) or part of a wine press (Varro, Rust. 1,54; Columella 11,2,71). As the mercantile and administrative centre of a Roman city ( Town/City), the forum, which took the form of a large open space framed by buildings, was essentially the equivalent of the Greek agora. A location at the intersection of the
decumanus and
cardo in the city centre is the rule in …
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Corinth, Gulf of
(399 words)
[German version] (Κορινθιακὸς κόλπος;
Korinthiakòs Kólpos). According to Str. 8,2,3, the Gulf of C. (the eastern section of which is today called Gulf of C., the western section ‘Gulf of Patras’ [Πατραϊκὸς κόλπος], was held to begin at the estuary of the Achelous or the Evenus on the coast of central Greece and Araxus (today the Cape of the same name Ἄκρα Ἄραξος) on the Peloponnesian coast, at a width of 10 km and a maximum depth of 133 m. The two coastlines approach each other at Antirrhion and Rhion to within
c. 2 km (ancient reckoning: 5
stadia/ 925 m, Str.
loc. cit.; maximum 7 stadia/1295…
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Apiolae
(64 words)
[German version] Town in Latium, west of
mons Albanus ; exact location unknown (near Bovillae?). A. was destroyed by Tarquinius Priscus (HRR Valerius Antias F 11; Str. 5,3,4: Ἀπίολα;
Apíola; Dion. Hal. Ant. Rom. 3,49,2; Liv. 1,35,7); with the booty from A. he undertook the construction of the Capitoline Temple, and held magnificent games. Olshausen, Eckart (Stuttgart) Bibliography Nissen 2, 2, 1902, 563.
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Indus
(317 words)
(Ἰνδός;
Indós). [German version] [1] The Indus The River Indus. Probably from Old Indian
Sindhu (for the etymology cf. India); the Indian name is better attested as
Sindus in Plin. HN 6,71, than Σίνθος;
Sínthos in Peripl. m.r. 38; 40 and as Σίνδων/Σίνθων;
Síndōn/
Sínthōn in Ptol. 7,1,2 (here a branch of the delta). According to general Greek opinion (with the exception of Megasthenes), the I. is the largest river in India, known to the Greeks since the end of the 6th cent. BC (Scylax in Hdt. 4,44). The lower reaches for instance downstr…
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Amasea
(266 words)
[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Sassanids | Byzantium | | Commerce | Hellenistic states | Asia Minor | Limes | Patricius | Rome (Ἀμάσεια;
Amáseia). City with fortress on the west bank of the Iris (Yeşil İrmak) in Pontus (today Amasya), residence of the Mithridatids ( Mithridates). The fortress lies where the river breaks through a part of the northern Anatolian foothills
c. 250 m above the city; the city and the fortress were enclosed by a Hellenistic defensive wall (still well preserved today). Not mentioning the five monumenta…
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Penestai
(518 words)
[German version] [1] Social class
Penestai (πενέσται/
penéstai, sing. πενέστης/
penéstēs) is probably etymologically related to the word πένης (
pénēs), 'poor'.
Penestai was applied as the collective term for the class of dependent Greeks who formed the economic and military foundation of the aristocracy in the towns of Thessaly (Crannon, Larissa, Pherae). Dionysius [18] of Halicarnassus compared them with the
thétai and
pelátai at Athens (Dion. Hal. Ant. Rom. 2,9); they were thus accorded the social status of dependents or
clientes. Most ancient authors, esp. Theopompus (FG…
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly