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[German version] (Παλαίφατος/ Palaíphatos, 'the one who tells old stories'). Passed down to us under this pseudonym was the collection Περὶ ἀπίστων/ Perì apístōn ( On Incredible Things) containing 52 short chapters about the same number of myths. The Suda records under P. four people with this name. The first is an epic poet from Athens, author of a cosmogony; the second comes, according to Suda, from Paros or Priene (Πριηνεύς/ Priēneús probably incorrect instead of Παριανεύς/ Parianeús, i.e. 'from Parion': the encyclopaedia therefore fluctuates perhaps between the island…

Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari) [German version] A. From Monasteries to Humanism (CT) The Carolingian Period in Bavaria is distinguished by an effort to transmit and spread Latin culture. This is born out by the remains of the old libraries and scriptoria of the episcopal seats (e.g., St. Emmeram, Freising, Prüfening near Regensburg, Passau, Salzburg) and monasteries where pagan as well as Christian authors are documented: Vergil, Horace, Lucan, Sallust, Ovid, Persius, Statius, Terence, Cicero, and Cato [26. 116…

[German version] (Πεισῖνος; Peisînos). author of an Heracleia, allegedly ‘stolen’ by  Peisander [6] (Clem. Al. Strom. 6,2,25,2). Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari) Bibliography PEG I, 164.

[German version] (Νικαίνετος; Nikaínetos) of Samos or Abdera in Thrace (Ath. 13,590b; Steph. Byz. 6,7 s.v. Ἄβδηρα calls him an ‘Abderite’), 2nd half of 3rd cent. BC; he may indeed have come from Abdera, but lived on Samos, Menodotus of Samos describing him as an ‘epichoric poet, who often demonstrated his love for the history of this region’ (Ath. 15,673b = FGrH 541 F 1 preserves a sympotic epigram of N. on the Carian custom of wearing garlands of plaited lýgos, a kind of wicker, at banquets, cf. [2; 3]). We know of the following works of N.: 1) Lýrkos (in hexameters); the preserved fragment …

[German version] Epic poet from Argos, mentioned by Ath. 1,13b in a catalogue listing the authors of poems ‘On fishing (Ἁλιευτικά). The form of his name, given in the Athenaeus MSS as Καικλον and by the Suda (3,1596) as Κικίλιο, derives from a conjecture by Meineke. Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari) Bibliography 1 SH 237 2 G. Thiele, s.v. C., RE, 11, 1496-1497.

[German version] ἐπιμερισμοί ( epimerismoí) are ‘subdivisions’ (Apollonius Dyscolus, Syntaxis 491,13 Schneider-Uhlig; Lat. partitiones,  Priscianus) ‘of verses or sentences into words’ (this is the sense, in which Sext. Emp. Adv. Math. 1,159-168 in the 2nd cent. AD used μερισμός; merismós): each word was analyzed grammatically and prosodically, and sometimes also semantically. It is a teaching aid of the Byzantine School (Tzetzes on Hes. Op. 285); in the 11th-12th cents., it was referred to as schedographia (‘writing of didactic pieces’, σχέδη ( schédē), of uncertain etymolo…

[German version] Author of a treatise ‘On comic and tragic Attic idioms’ (Περὶ λέξεων Ἀττικῶν καὶ κωμικῶν καὶ τραγικών (Steph. Byz. s.v. Νίκαια), probably mentioned in Erotian, Vocum Hippocraticarum coll. 24,3 Nachmanson (the MS Text Θέρσις was corrected by Meineke as Ἐπιθέρσης; Nachmanson suggests the abbreviation Θέρσης). If he was indeed identical with the grammarian from Nicaea, he would be the father of the orator Aemilianus (cf. Sen. Controv. 10,5,25); because he is mentioned in Plut. De def…

[German version] (Θεόλυτος; Theólytos) from Methymna (on Lesbos). Undatable author of Bakchikà épē ('Bacchic Songs') on the love of the sea god Glaucus [1] for Ariadne (three hexameters in Ath. 7,296a-b). Perhaps identical with the author of the Hôroi ('Annals'; cf. schol. Apoll. Rhod. 1,623-626) mentioned in Ath. 11,470b. Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari) Bibliography 1 CollAlex fr. 1 2 FHG 4, 515 3 E. Diehl, s. v. T., RE 5 A, 2033 4 M. Fantuzzi, Epici ellenistici, in: K. Ziegler, L'epos ellenistico, 1988, LXXXVIf.

[German version] (Λεσχίδης; Leschídēs). Hellenistic epic poet who participated in the campaigns of king Eumenes [3] II Soter (197-159 BC) and may have praised his Galatian war. L. was a ‘very well-known’ poet and a contemporary of the painter Pythias and the physician Menander (Suda III, 254, 4-5 = SH 503). Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari) Bibliography K. Ziegler, Das hell. Epos, 21966, 17-18.

[German version] (Στασῖνος; Stasînos). Epic poet of unknown date, from Cyprus. According to a widespread tradition lasting until Proclus and Tzetzes, he wrote the Cypria supposedly named after his homeland. According to an anecdote which Pindar may already have known (Pind. fr. 265 Snell-Maehler; but cf. [3.33]), Homer (Homerus [1]) gave the epic to his daughter as a dowry for her marriage to S. (the legend shows that there were problems as to its authorship already in Antiquity). Epic cycle Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari) Bibliography 1 PEG I, 36-64 2 EpGF 28-29 3 M. Davies, The Epic Cyc…

[German version] (Περσῖνος; Persînos). Epic writer of the Hellenistic period, from Ephesus or Miletus. Author of the Orphic Sōtḗria ('Songs for the Rescue'; Orph. T 178, p. 52 Kern). Two sayings have been passed down to us, one about the tyrant Eubulus, the other as a response to the question who is the best poet ( according to the judgment of all poets, he himself is the best poet, according to the others, it is Homer). P. attributed the invention of the hexameter to Linus. Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari) Bibliography SH 666A-666D  U. von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff, Hellenische Dichtung, vol. 1…

[German version] (Εὐλόγιος; Eulógios). Perhaps the person to whom was dedicated the lexicon of Hesychius (6th cent. AD [4; 1. 358]; but [5] dates E. to the period between Theodosius of Alexandria ([4th cent. AD] and Choeroboscus [9th cent. AD]) and who is known through the citations in the Etymologicum Magnum and in the Etymologicum Gudianum. He is also the source of some Homeric epimerisms [2; 3]. E. was a grammarian and his nickname was Scholastikós; he was the author of a didactic book about morphology in ‘Questions and Answers’ (Ἀπορίαι καὶ λύσεις, ‘Difficulties …

[German version] (Μαϊίστας; Maïístas). Author (his name perhaps Egyptian) of the hexametric aretalogy of Sarapis. This forms the second part (l. 29-84) of an inscription (3rd cent. BC) on a column in the Serapeum of Delos, which tells the history of the cult of the god from its inception to the construction of the first temple [1]. The beginning of the inscription (l. 1-28) comprises the prose chronicle of the priest Apollonius II. M.'s text following may be a Greek aretalogy intended for Greeks, o…

[German version] A. Person H. was an antiquarian and grammarian in the second half of the 1st cent. AD (main source for the biography: Suda s.v. Φίλων Βύβλιος, φ 447, where the text, however, is problematic). His original name was Phílōn, the ethnicon Býblios (after the town Byblos in Phoenicia), the praenomen H. perhaps taken over from Herennius Severus Plin. Ep. 4,28 [4]. He was the teacher of  Hermippus of Berytus. Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari) [German version] B. Works (FGrH 790): Historical and antiquarian works: 1) The ‘Phoenician History’ (Φοινικικὴ ἱστορία or Φοινικικ…

[German version] of Damascus, known only from 15 hexameters cited by Stobaeus from his poem ‘Tresses (Πλοκαμῖδες/ Plokamîdes), a song on the beauty of his beloved's hair. Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari) Bibliography SH 558.

[German version] (Κάλλιστος; Kállistos). Author of an epic about the Persian Wars of Emperor  Iulianus, whom he accompanied on his campaigns in his role as domesticus (Socr. 3,21,14-17). He reports how the emperor died having been slain by a daimon. Possibly he is identical with Callistion, the epic poet and assessor of the praefectus praetorio Orientis Sallustius Secundus, to whom Libanius addressed his letters no. 1233 and 1251. Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari) Bibliography O. Seeck, RE Suppl. 4, 864.

[German version] (Νόννος; Nónnos) from Panopolis (the modern Aḫmīm) in Egypt. There are no biographical records, with the exception of Anth. Pal. 9,198 (possibly a dedication written by the poet himself for his own work [33. 166-168; 23]). It is assumed that the origin of the name, found in Egypt from the 4th cent. AD, was Syrian or Egyptian (‘pure’), but a connection to the Greek familiar diminutive nénnos (‘uncle’ or ‘grandfather’) cannot be excluded. The dating is uncertain: the terminus post quem is taken to be a work by Claudianus [3] (394-397), which was known to N., and the terminus an…

[German version] (Φιλόγελως/ Philógelōs, 'the Lover of Laughter'). The only collection passed down from antiquity of 265 individual Greek jokes (in different recensions; with regard to the MS tradition see [1. 129-146; 8]), compiled between the 3rd [11] and 5th cent. AD. In the MSS, it is attributed to Hierocles and the grammarian Philagrius (not identifiable; hypotheses in [2. IV-V]). Dating indications are the allusion in § 62 to the festival of AD 248 celebrating the foundation of Rome and the m…

[German version] (Τριφιόδωρος/ Triphiódōros, from the theonym Triphys, Graecized as T.; MSS and Byzantine sources: Tryphiódōros). Greek epic poet, 2nd half of 3rd cent. AD (only biographical testimony: Suda s. v. T.), Egyptian by name, probably from Panopolis [1. 4-7]. Author of works including (cf. [1. 15]) the epic Μαραθωνιακά ( Marathoniaka, 'Marathonic Histories' [1. 11 f.]), the mythical epic Hippodámeia and a lipogrammatic (i.e. written with the constraint of the regular omission of selected letters) Odyssey (Ὀδύσσεια λειπογράμματος/ Odýsseia leipográmmatos, cf. …

[German version] (Μενάλκας; Menálkas). Bucolic poet, protagonist of Theoc. 8 alongside Daphnis. Both Hermesianax (fr. 2 and 3 Powell) and Sositheus (fr. 1a-3 Snell) mention his unrequited love for Daphnis. In Vergilius' Bucolica his name appears frequently as the poet's alter ego and as a figure associated with a tragic love story. M. is probably not a historical person. Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari) Bibliography F. Michelazzo, s.v. Menalca, Enciclopedia Virgiliana, 3, 1987, 477-480 (with bibl.).

[German version] (Ἅβρων; Hábrōn). Greek grammarian, a slave of Phrygian origin, taught (and perhaps also studied) first on Rhodes, then in Rome in the 1st half of the 1st cent. AD (Suda α 97 Adler). He was a student of the Aristarchian  Tryphon and dealt with the same topics as the former although he took another position and also criticized the teaching of Aristarchus [4] of Samothrace in regard to pronouns (cf. [1. 1520; 7. 91]). Nine quotations from his work Περὶ ἀντωνυμίας (‘On the pronoun’) ar…

[German version] (Εὐτέκνιος; Eutéknios). The famous Cod. Vindobonensis med. gr. 1 (late 5th cent. AD) with the herbal of Pedanius Dioscorides also contains prose paraphrases on  Nicander's Thēriaká and Alexiphármaka [4; 2; 5]. A remark in a manuscript attributes them to a ‘rhetor’ (σοφιστής; sophistḗs) by the name of E., who is to be dated sometime between the 3rd and 5th cents. AD [3. 34-37]; without any solid proof, the following anonymous paraphrases are also attributed to the same E.: on  Oppianus' [4; 6] Halieutiká (from 3,605) and, from as early as C. Gesner in 1555, on…

[German version] (Λυκέας; Lykéas). Undatable author of épē on the historical and mythical history of his home town of Argus, only known from four quotations in Pausanias (1,13,8; 2,19,5; 2,22,2; 2,23,7) who describes him as ὁ τῶν ἐπιχωρίων ἐξηγητής; ho tôn epichōríōn exēgētḗs (‘The one who explains local traditions’) and uses him as a written source which he compares with oral sources. The poem also told of the death of Pyrrhus (in 272 BC, terminus post quem for the dating.). Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari) Bibliography 1SH 527-530 2FGrH 312 3 C. Bearzot, Storia e storiografia ellenistica …

[German version] of Alexandria (Troad). Lived under Antiochus III of Antioch (222-187 BC) and became the king's ‘friend’ ( phílos, SH 464) when he gave him his poetry. In 197 and 193 he was the Seleucid ambassador at the Roman Senate and in 196 with T. Quinctius Flamininus in Corinth. Grammarian, author of the work ‘On the Style of Democritus’ and ‘On the Poetic Style’ as well as astronomical-mythological poetry ( Phainómena, SH fr. 465-467; in total five hexameters have been passed down, but the allocation is uncertain; cf. [7. 73470], with bibliography). H. is the oldest known aut…

[German version] (Φιλίννη; Philínn ē). A papyrus fragment (PAmherst 11) contains three hexameters of a magical incantation (ἐπῳδή; epōidḗ) against headaches, attributed to a certain “P. of Thessaly”. This fragment is physically connected to another (PBerolinensis inv. 7504) from the same roll containing a magic spell by a Syrian woman from Gadara against burns of all sorts. Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari) Bibliography 1 SH 900 2 PGM II2, p. 145 3 Pack, No. 1871 (with bibliography) 4 A. Henrichs, Zum Text einiger Zauberpapyri, in: ZPE 6, 1970, 204-209.

[German version] (Σῆμος/ Sêmos) of Delos. Greek antiquarian c. 200 AD. The Suda s. v. Σ. (where ὁ Ἠλεῖος is a corruption [1; 4]) mentions him as a 'scholar' (γραμματικός/ grammatikós) and the author of Δηλιακά/Dēliaká ( Delian history, 8 books; in other sources invariably called Δηλιάς sc. συγγραφή/ Dēliás sc. syngraphḗ) and a work On Delos (FGrH 396 F 1-22, for the most part from Athenaeus). It dealt with cultural and religious antiquities and curiosities on and near Delos, presumably in a periegetic structure. Of his work On Paeans a further fragment (FGrH 396 F 24 =  Ath. 14, 62…

[German version] (Παμπρέπιος/ Pamprépios) of Panopolis in Egypt. The sources on his biography [1. 7-9] are detailed but often tendentious: Suda s.v. Π. = vol. 4, 13,28-15,28 Adler, with excerpts from Malchus (also in Phot. cod. 242); Hesychius = Suda vol. 4,13,25-27 Adler; the horoscope of P. preserved in Rhetorius; Damascius, Vita Isidori (esp. antipathetic). Born in AD 440, P. studied at Alexandria, where he became acquainted with Hermias and came into contact with Neoplatonic circles. Around the…

(Ὀππιανός/ Oppianós). [German version] [1] From Corycus, Author of a didactic poem on fishing O. from Corycus in Cilicia, author, to be distinguished from O. [2], of a didactic poem entitled Ἁλιευτικά/ Halieutiká, 'On Fishing', 3506 verses in 5 books, which is dedicated to Marcus [1] Aurelius and Commodus (177-180 AD). Sources for his biography: vitae in a series of manuscripts; according to which O. was banished by Septimius Severus and received back into Rome by Caracalla (Suda s.v. Ὀ.; Athen. 1,13c). Content: books 1 and 2 …

[German version] (Κόλλουθος; Kóllouthos). A Greek native of Lycopolis in Egypt, who lived during the reign of Anastasius I (AD 491-518). Biography: Suda s.v. Κόλουθος, 3,1951, according to this Cod. Ambrosianus gr. 661; for the form of the name cf. [1, XI-XII]. Epic poet, author of a poem about the Calydonian Boar Hunt ( Kalydōniaká in six bks.), of encomia (hymns of praise) in hexameters and of an epic poem Persiká, which may have dealt with Anastasius's triumphs over the Persians in the year 505 (cf. [4]). His surviving work is a small epic poem in 392 verses, the ‘Rape of Helen…

[German version] (Φορωνίς/Phorōnís). Epic by an anonymous author, 7th/6th cent. BC. It received its name from a hero from Tiryns, Phoroneus, the 'father of all men' (fr. 1 PEG). The frequency of the word πρῶτος/ prȏtos, 'the first', in the fragments indicates the poet's interest in the first beginnings of human life. Fr. 2: the Daktyloi Idaioi discover the art of Hephaestus. Fr. 4: Callithoe [2] is the first to adorn the great statue of the 'Argive' Hera: the epithet is problematic (bibliography in [1. 120]). Paus. 2,15,5 and 2,1…

[German version] (Σωτήριχος/ Sōtḗrichos). Epic writer of the 3rd/4th cents. AD from Hyasis (in Libya), lived under Diocletianus (AD 284-305), and, according to Suda s. v. Σ., wrote an encomium to him. Further works: Bassariká or Dionysiaká (4 books), Pantheia of Babylon, Ariadne, Life of Apollonius of Tyana, Python or Alexandriacus (on the storming of Thebes by Alexander [4] the Great) and an epic on his own homeland; Schol. Lycoph. 486 [2. 64111] also mentions Kaledōniaká (on the myth of the Caledonian boar) [2]. Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari) Bibliography 1 FGrH 641 2 M. Ch. G. Müller,…

[German version] (Εὐδαίμων; Eudaímōn). Correspondent of  Libanius (Ep. 167; 255; 633) and his ‘fraternal’ friend for over thirty years (cf. Ep. 108; 132; 164; 315; 632; 826; 1057), from Pelusium in Egypt, born before AD 337 (probably c. 314/24: [2. 279]), died before AD 392. According to the Suda (ε 3407) a ‘grammarian’ (but he may also have taught rhetoric), author of a Τέχνη γραμματική/ Téchnē grammatikḗ (‘Grammar’) and an Ὀνοματικὴ ὀρθογραφία/ Onomatikḕ orthographía (‘Orthography of Names’) (cf. Lib. Ep. 255,7, regarding E.'s opinion on the vocative of Ἡρακλῆς/ Heraklês), which …

[English version] aus Alexandreia (Troas). Lebte unter Antiochos III. von Antiocheia (222-187 v.Chr.) und wurde, als er dem König seine Gedichte schenkte, dessen “Freund” ( phílos, SH 464). 197 und 193 war er seleukidischer Botschafter beim röm. Senat, 196 bei T. Quinctius Flamininus in Korinth. Grammatiker, Verf. des Werkes ‘Über den Stil des Demokritos und ‘Über den poetischen Stil sowie astronomisch-myth. Gedichte ( Phainómena, SH fr. 465-467; insgesamt fünf Hexameter sind überliefert, doch ist die Zuweisung unsicher; vgl. [7. 73470], mit Lit.). H. ist der älteste beka…

[English version] ἐπιμερισμοί sind “Einteilungen” (Apollonios Dyskolos, Syntaxis 491,13 Schneider-Uhlig; lat. partitiones, Priscianus) “von Versen oder Sätzen in Worte” (in diesem Sinne benutzt S. Emp. adv. Math. 1,159-168 im 2. Jh.n.Chr. μερισμός): Jedes Wort wurde grammatisch und prosodisch, manchmal auch semantisch analysiert. Es handelt sich dabei um ein Unterrichtsmittel der byz. Schule (Tzetzes zu Hes. erg. 285), das im 11.-12. Jh. die Bezeichnung schedographia (“das Schreiben von Lehrstücken”, σχέδη, mit ungewisser Etym. [7. 127]) erhielt und in erst…

[English version] von Damaskos, nur durch 15 von Stobaios zitierte Hexameter aus seinem Gedicht ‘Locken (Πλοκαμῖδες) bekannt, einem Gesang auf die Schönheit der Locke seiner Geliebten. Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari) Bibliography SH 558.

Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari) RWG [English version] A. Von den Klöstern zum Humanismus (RWG) Charakteristisch für die karolingische Epoche in B. ist das Bemühen um die Überlieferung und die Verbreitung der lat. Kultur. Zeugnis darüber legen die Überreste der alten Bibliotheken und Skriptorien der Bischofsitze (z.B. St. Emmeran, Freising, Prüfening bei Regensburg, Passau, Salzburg) und der Klöster ab, wo neben christl. auch pagane Autoren bezeugt sind: Vergil, Horaz, Lukan, Sallust, Ovid, Persius, Statius, Terenz…

[English version] (Κάλλιστος). Verf. eines Epos über die Perserkriege des Kaisers Iulianus, den er als domesticus auf seinen Feldzügen begleitete (Sokr. 3,21,14-17). Er erzählte, wie der Kaiser von einem Daimon geschlagen gestorben sei. Möglicherweise ist K. identisch mit Kallistion, dem ep. Dichter und Assessor des praefectus praetorio Orientis Sallustius Secundus, an den die Briefe 1233 und 1251 des Libanios gerichtet sind. Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari) Bibliography O. Seeck, RE Suppl. 4, 864.

[English version] (Παλαίφατος, “der, der alte Gesch. erzählt”). Unter diesem Pseudonym ist die Slg. Περὶ ἀπίστων (‘Über unglaubliche Dinge) überl., die 52 kurze Kapitel über ebensoviele Mythen enthält. Die Suda verzeichnet unter P. vier Personen dieses Namens. Der erste ist ein epischer Dichter aus Athen, Verf. einer Kosmogonie; der zweite stammt laut Suda aus Paros oder Priene (Πριηνεύς verm. falsch statt Παριανεύς, d.h. “aus Parion”: das Lex. schwankt also vielleicht zw. der Insel Paros und der Stadt Parion am Hellespont), der dritte aus Abydos, der vierte (als grammatikós bezei…

[English version] (Πεισῖνος). Verf. einer Hērákleia, die Peisandros [6] angeblich ‘gestohlen’ haben soll (Clem. Al. strom. 6,2,25,2). Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari) Bibliography PEG I, 164.

[English version] (Εὐδαίμων). Briefpartner des Libanios (epist. 167; 255; 633) und dessen “brüderlicher” Freund über mehr als dreißig Jahre (vgl. epist. 108; 132; 164; 315; 632; 826; 1057), aus Pelusion in Ägypten, vor 337 n.Chr. geb. (wahrscheinlich ca. 314/24: [2. 279]), vor 392 n.Chr. gestorben. Der Suda (ε 3407) zufolge ‘Grammatiker’ (er lehrte jedoch vielleicht auch Rhet.), Verf. einer Τέχνη γραμματική /‘Grammatik und einer Ὀνοματικὴ ὀρθογραφία /‘Orthographie der Namen (vgl. Lib. epist. 255,7…

[English version] (Φιλίννη). Ein Papyrus-Fr. (PAmherst 11) enthält drei Hexameter einer magischen Beschwörung (ἐπῳδή) gegen Kopfschmerzen, die einer gewissen ‘thessal. Ph.’ zugeschrieben werden. Dieses ist physisch verbunden mit einem weiteren Papyrusfr. (PBerolinensis inv. 7504) derselben Rolle, das einen Zauberspruch einer Syrerin aus Gadara gegen jede Art von Verbrennung enthält. Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari) Bibliography 1 SH 900 2 PGM II2, p. 145 3 Pack, Nr. 1871 (mit Lit.) 4 A. Henrichs, Zum Text einiger Zauberpapyri, in: ZPE 6, 1970, 204-209.

[English version] (Μενάλκας). Bukolischer Dichter, zusammen mit Daphnis Protagonist von Theokr. 8. Von seiner nicht erwiderten Liebe zu Daphnis sprechen schon Hermesianax (fr. 2 und 3 Powell) und Sositheos (fr. 1a-3 Snell). Der Name kehrt in Vergilius' Bucolica häufig wieder, gewiß als alter ego des Dichters und auch als Figur, die auf eine tragische Liebesgeschichte verweist. Die Person des M. ist wohl nicht historisch. Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari) Bibliography F. Michelazzo, s.v. Menalca, Enciclopedia Virgiliana, 3, 1987, 477-480 (mit Lit.).

(Ὀππιανός). [English version] [1] aus Korykos, Verf. eines Lehrgedichts über Fischfang O. aus Korykos in Kilikien, von O. [2] zu unterscheidender Verf. eines Lehrgedichts Ἁλιευτικά ( Halieutiká, ‘Über den Fischfang, 3506 V. in 5 B.), das Marcus [1] Aurelius und Commodus gewidmet ist (177-180 n.Chr.). Quellen für die Biographie: Den Hss. vorgeschaltete Viten, nach denen O. von Septimius Severus verbannt und von Caracalla wieder in Rom aufgenommen wurde (Suda s.v. Ὀ.; Athen. 1,13c). Inhalt: B. 1 und 2 beschreiben Arten, vo…

[English version] (Εὐτέκνιος). In dem berühmten Cod. Vindobonensis med. gr. 1 (spätes 5. Jh. n.Chr.), der Pedanius Dioskurides enthält, finden sich auch Prosaparaphrasen zu den Thēriaká und den Alexiphármaka des Nikandros [4; 2; 5]. Der Kolophon weist sie einem ‘Rhetor’ (σοφιστής) E. zu, der in die Zeit zw. dem 3. und 5. Jh. n.Chr. zu datieren ist [3. 34-37]; demselben E. werden deswegen ohne stichhaltigen Beweis auch die in derselben Hs. folgenden anon. Paraphrasen zu den Halieutiká (ab 3,605) des Oppianos [4; 6] und - schon seit C. Gesner 1555 - zu den Ixeutiká des Dionysios [29] […

[English version] (Φορωνίς). Epos eines anon. Verf., 7./6. Jh. v.Chr., erhielt seinen Namen nach dem Heros aus Tiryns, Phoroneus, dem ‘Vater aller Menschen’ (fr. 1 PEG). Die Häufigkeit des Wortes πρῶτος ( prṓtos, “der erste”) in den Fr. weist auf das Interesse des Dichters an den ersten Anfängen des menschlichen Lebens hin. Fr. 2: Die Daktyloi Idaioi entdecken die Kunst des Hephaistos. Fr. 4: Kallithoë [2] schmückt als erste die große Statue der “argivischen” Hera: der Beiname ist problematisch (Lit. bei [1. 120]). Auf die Ph…

[English version] A. Person H. war Antiquar und Grammatiker der 2. H. des 1. Jh. n.Chr. (Hauptquelle für die Biographie: Suda s.v. Φίλων Βύβλιος, φ 447, wo der Text jedoch problematisch ist). Sein ursprünglicher Name war Phílōn, das Ethnikon Býblios (nach der Stadt Byblos/Phönizien), das Praenomen H. vielleicht von Herennius Severus Plin. epist. 4,28 übernommen [4]. Er war Lehrer des Hermippos von Berytos. Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari) [English version] B. Werke (FGrH 790): Histor.-antiquarische Werke: 1) Die ‘phöniz. Gesch. (Φοινικικὴ ἱστορία oder Φοινικικά), nach …

[English version] (Κόλλουθος). Ägypt. Grieche aus Lykopolis, lebte in der Regierungszeit von Anastasios I. (491-518 n.Chr.). Biographie: Suda s.v. Κόλουθος, 3,1951, hiernach Cod. Ambrosianus gr. 661; zur Namensform vgl. [1, XI-XII]. Epiker, Verf. eines Gedichts über die Jagd auf den kalydonischen Eber ( Kalydōniaká in 6 B.), von hexametrischen Enkomien (Lobliedern) und eines Epos Persiká, das vielleicht von den Persersiegen des Anastasios des J. 505 handelte (vgl. [4]). Überliefert ist ein Kleinepos in 392 Versen, der ‘Raub der Helena (Ἁρπαγὴ Ἑλένης, von Kardina…

[English version] (Μαϊίστας). Verf. (vielleicht ägypt. Namens) der hexametrischen Sarapis-Aretalogie. Diese bildet den zweiten Teil (Z. 29-84) einer Inschr. (3. Jh.v.Chr.) auf einer Säule im Serapeion von Delos, welche die Gesch. des Kultes des Gottes von den Anfängen bis zum Bau des ersten Tempels enthält [1]. Zu Beginn der Inschr. (Z. 1-28) steht die Prosachronik des Priesters Apollonios II. Bei dem nachfolgenden Text des M. kann es sich um eine griech. und für Griechen bestimmte Aretalogie oder…

[English version] (Φιλόγελως, “der Lachfreund”). Die einzige aus der Ant. überl. Sammlung von 265 einzelnen griech. Witzen (in verschiedenen Rezensionen; zur hsl. Trad. [1. 129-146; 8]), zusammengestellt zw. dem 3. [11] und 5. Jh.n.Chr. In den Mss. wird sie Hierokles und dem Grammatiker Philagrios zugeschrieben (nicht identifizierbar; Hypothesen bei [2. IV-V]). Datierungshinweise geben die röm. Stadtgründungsfeier von 248 n.Chr., worauf § 62 anspielt; Erwähnung des 391 n.Chr. zerstörten Serapeion …

[English version] (Εὐλόγιος). Vielleicht der Adressat der Widmung des Lex. des Hesychios (6. Jh. n.Chr. [4; 1. 358], dagegen [5], der E. in die Zeit zw. Theodosios von Alexandria (4. Jh. n.Chr.) und Choiroboskos (9. Jh. n.Chr.) datiert) und durch die Zitate im Etymologicum Magnum und im Etymologicum Gudianum bekannt ist. Er ist auch Quelle einiger homer. Epimerismen [2; 3]. E. war Grammatiker mit dem Beinamen Scholastikós, Verf. einer Schulschrift über Formenlehre in ‘Fragen und Antworten (Ἀπορίαι καὶ λύσεις, ‘Schwierigkeiten und Lösungen; Etym. m. 638,18)…