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[German version] [1] From Syracuse, poet, member of Symmachus' circle of friends, 4th cent. AD A poet with a knowledge of Greek and Latin literature, author and Roman senator from Syracuse, who (from about 310 AD until after 400), with Ausonius, was a member of the rhetor  Q. Aurelius Symmachus' circle of friends. Like them, N. believed that for the continuation of traditional culture it was sufficient to continue the tradition of the classical heritage. He avoided any confrontation with  Christianity. In his …

[German version] L. C. Gallus Vecilius Crispinus Mansuanius Marcellinus Numisius Sabinus. Senator whose career is known from an inscription from Antioch [5] in Pisidia (CIL III 6813 = ILS 1038). Quaestor in the province of Pontus-Bithynia, people's tribune, praetor, curator viarum Clodiae, Cassiae, Ciminiae, Traianae novae, praef. frumenti dandi, legatus legionum I Italicae et II Traianae, proconsul Sardiniae ( c. AD 111), praetorian imperial legate of Galatia, Pisidia c. AD 113-115; suffect consul probably in 116 [1. 9-35] or even not until 117, VIIvir epulonum; first known…

Roman family name (Etruscan Latini), a derivation from the ethnicon Latinus. I. Republican period [German version] [I 1] L., T. According to the legend, Jupiter told L. during the Latin War to instruct the consuls to have the Ludi Romani repeated According to Livy (2,36,2-8), who sets the legend that was originally probably not fixed in time in 491 BC, Jupiter told L. in a dream during the Latin War that he should instruct the consuls to have the ludi Romani ( ludi ) repeated; L. finally obeyed these instructions after initially ignoring them twice and…

[German version] [1] Vipsania, married to Tiberius from 16-12 BC Vipsania, daughter of M. Vipsanius Agrippa with Caecilia Attica (Nep. Att. 19,4). Born c. 33 BC, married to Tiberius from 16-12 (Suet. Tib. 7,2 f.), whom she bore Drusus Caesar in 15 (Drusus the Younger). Married C. Asinius Gallus after her divorce from Tiberius (Tac. Ann. 1,12; stemma RE 9 A 1232). Died in AD 20 (Tac. Ann. 3,19,3). Kienast, Dietmar (Neu-Esting) Bibliography Raepsat-Charlier 1, no. 811. [German version] [2] Vipsania (A. maior), wife of Germanicus Vipsania (A. maior), daughter of M. Vipsanius Agrip…

[German version] [1] Proconsul of the province of Lycia-Pamphylia in the 2nd cent. AD Proconsul of the province of Lycia-Pamphylia, no earlier than under Marcus [2] Aurelius and Lucius Verus. Identification is not possible. PIR2 P 1064. Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [2] Friend of the poet Martialis [1] from Umbria P., for whom also the praenomen Aulus is transmitted. A friend of the poet Martialis [1], he was from Umbria and rose to primipilus. On the possibilities for identification cf. PIR2 P 1069. In an inscription from Sarsina [1. 264], however, [Au]lus can hardly be res…

Oscan praenomen ( Egnatius [I 3]). Attested as a Roman nomen gentile from the 2nd cent. BC. The most important holder is the seven-time consul M. [I 1]; the prominent Imperial-period Spanish bearer of the name, M. [II 3], is probably a descendant of family members of that Marius. I. Republican Period [German version] [I 1] M., C. Seven-time consul, victor over Jugurtha and over the Cimbri and Teutoni, opponent of Sulla The seven-time consul; victor over Jugurtha and over the Cimbri and Teutoni. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] A. The rise to political prominence Born c. 157 BC…

[German version] Cn. Marcius R. Rufinus. Equestrian who began his career as the centurio of a legion, then became primus pilus of the legio III Gallica in Syria, tribune among the vigiles, the cohortes urbanae and the praetorians in Rome; primus pilus for the second time with the legio III Cyrenaica in Arabia. He then transferred into a procuratorial career: procurator of Syria (Coele?), praefect of the two Italic fleets, praepositus annonae probably during the Parthian War in AD 198; finally praefect of the vigiles in 205-207 with the title of eminentissimus vir. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bib…

Name of a Roman plebeian family (Schulze 169). I. Republican time [German version] [I 1] F., C. Roman envoy 438 BC in Fidenae Roman envoy, killed by the Fidenates in 438 BC (statue on the Rostra, Cic. Phil. 9,5; Liv. 4,17,2). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) II. Imperial period [German version] [II 1] C.F. Fabius Maximus Optatus Senator from Cartennae, end of 2nd/ beginning of 3rd cent. AD Senator, probably from Cartennae, who certainly attained the praetorship and had a legatio in Baetica, probably at the end of the 2nd/beginning of the 3rd cents. AD. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography Le Gl…

[German version] L. Marcia Hostilia Crispina Moecia Cornelia. Daughter of Laberius [II 3] Maximus, cos. II AD 103, and second wife of C. Bruttius [II 4] Praesens, cos. II in 139. L. accompanied her husband to Africa during his time as proconsul there (CIL VIII 110); her estates were near Amiternum and Trebula Mutuesca (Raepsaet-Charlier, no. 478). PIR2 L 15. Eck, Werner (Cologne)

[German version] Wife of Tettius Africanus, praefectus Aegypti in the year AD 82; probably the sister or the daughter of Funisulanus Vettonianus. PIR2 F 571. Eck, Werner (Cologne)

[German version] [1] Consul ord. in AD 209 Cos. ord. in AD 209. Identical with L. Aurellius Commodus P. (AE 1978, 733 = 1979, 560; RMD 1, 73; SEG 32, 1149). PIR2 P 568. Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [2] Consul suff. in an unknown year Cos. suff. on 13 May of an unknown year (CIL XVI 127); it is possible that there is a connection with the P. who is mentioned in CIL VI 40646 as consul in about AD 212. PIR2 P 567; 569. Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [3] Clodius P. (PIR2 P 570) see Clodius [II 12] Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [4] C. Gabinius Barbarus P. (PIR2 P 566) see Gabinius […

[German version] [1] Daughter of the emperor Vitellius [II 2], 1st cent. AD Daughter of the emperor Vitellius [II 2] who married her to Valerius [II 2] Asiaticus, governor of the province of Belgica in the year AD 69 (Tac. Hist. 1,59,2). After the death of her father, she was spared  by Vespasian and married to a person of high social status. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography Raepsaet-Charlier 640, no. 817. [German version] [2] Township in Latium Township in Latium, assumed to be at modern Civitella, first literary mention in connection with the events around Coriola…

[German version] [1] Vestalin (1st half 1st cent. BC) Vestal in 69 BC at the latest. (Macrob. Sat. 3.13.11). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [2] A. Arria Camilla (2nd half 1st cent. AD) Probably the daughter of L. Arruntius [II 8] Camillus Scribonianus; must have lived into the Trajanic era (Raepsaet-Charlier, no. 103; PIR2 A 1152). Eck, Werner (Cologne)

[German version] M.I.M. f. Volt(inia tribu) Bassus Fabius Valerianus. Senator, who originated from Alba Helviorum in Narbonensis. In AD 156-159 he was in charge of Pannonia inferior as praetorian governor (AE 1976, 542; RMD II 102; 103). Cos. suff. shortly thereafter; curator operum publicorum in 161; consular governor of Moesia inferior; then comes Augustorum during the Parthian War. At the end of his career he was consular governor of Pannonia superior, where he made peace with invading Germanic tribes (Cass. Dio 71,3,1; PIR2 J 4). Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography Kolb, Bauver…

[German version] L.C. Rufus. Proconsul of Bithynia et Pontus shortly before the year AD 49 when he was sentenced by the Senate because of  repetundae (Tac. Ann. 12,22,3) [1. 159ff]. Readmitted into the Senate by Otho (PIR2 C 6). Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography 1 G. Stumpf, Numismatische Unt., 1991.

Common given name of Oscan or Umbrian origin not used by the Roman upper class (abbreviated in inscriptions as Sa. or Sal.), later appears as a nomen gentile; also a slave name. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) I. Republican Era [German version] [I 1] Slave leader (Slave leader) see Tryphon [2]. Bartels, Jens (Bonn) [German version] [I 2] Centurion named only by Plutarch as one of Pompeius' murderers Centurion named only in Plut. Pompeius 78,1 and 79,4 as one of Pompey's murderers. Bartels, Jens (Bonn) [German version] [I 3] Freedman and probable agent of Caesar Freedman probably active as …

[German version] Q. S. Maximus. Son of a senator of the Augustan period, possibly M. Sanquinius, the Master of the Mint (RIC I 2 337; 342). S. became consul on 1 February AD 39 instead of Caligula, perhaps until the end of  June (Cass. Dio 59,13,2); at the same time he may have been a políarchos [2] ( praefectus urbi). CIL X 905 and Tac. Ann. 6,4,3 are also seen as relating to S.; in that case he would have been cos. suff. by c. 21/2, but  cos. II in 39. This reconstruction must, however, remain uncertain. In c. 46 he was legate of the army of Lower Germany; he also died there (Tac. Ann. 11,18,1). Eck, Wer…

[German version] [1] Sex. V. Cerialis Senator, whose family may have originated in the Sabine lands [1. 325-332]. Legionary legate in the Jewish War under Vespasianus; after the conquest of Jerusalem (in AD 70), he was the first senatorial governor to take over the province of Judaea (Palaestina). Probably in the first half of the year 71 he returned to Rome; suffect consul probably in 72 or 73. Recorded 75-78 as consular legate of Moesia (CIL XVI 22; cf. [2. 30, tab. I, Z. 9; 3]) ILS 988 may refer to him. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography 1 Syme RP, vol. 1 2 RMD I, No. 2 3 W. Eck et al., Neu…

[German version] Sex. S. Dexter. Tribune of a praetorian cohort, who in January of AD 69 made an unsuccessful attempt to keep the soldiers from revolting against Galba [2] (Tac. Hist. 1,31,4). He is identical with the procurator et praefectus of the province of Sardinia in 74 [1.80f.]. His name appears again as cos. of 104 and procos. of Asia in 120/121, Sex. S. Dexter Cornelius Priscus [2.154, 210]. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography 1 Pflaum, vol. 1 2 W. Eck, Jahres- und Provinzialfasten der senatorischen Statthalter, in: Chiron 13, 1983, 147-237. Syme, RP 7, 481; 490.

[German version] I Greek (Τίτος/ Títos). [German version] [I 1] Companion of Paul Important 'assistant' and 'partner' of Paul (Paulus [II 2]; 2 Cor 8,23), of unknown origin. Taken by Paul to the Apostles' Convent in Jerusalem as a 'Gentile Christian', he was not compelled to be circumcised there, in spite of the demands of the Judaists (Gal 2:1-3). Paul sent T. to Corinth on several occasions as his negotiator (2 Cor 7:6 f.; 7:13 f.; he also appeared as an independent co-organizer of the collects: 8:6; 8:16 …