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[German version] (Edula, Edusa, Edulia). Roman ‘special deity’ ( Indigitamenta), which, according to Varro (antiquitates rerum divinarum 114 Cardauns) was named in Christian Polemic (Tert. Ad nat. 2,11,8: Edula; Aug. Civ. 4,34; 6,9) together with  Potina. According to Varro in Non. 151, E. ( Edusa) supposedly watched over the food for the children. Sacrifices were made to her when children had their first meal. In Donat. Ter. Phorm. 1,1,15, her name is Edulia. According to [1], E. was originally a gens deity. Bloch, René (Berne) Bibliography 1 F. Altheim, Röm. Religionsgesch. 1,…

[German version] (Εὐτέρπη; Eutérpē; cf. τέρπειν; térpein, ‘giver of joy’). One of the nine  Muses, the daughter of Zeus and  Mnemosyne (Hes. Theog. 77; Apollod. 1,13; Orph. H. 76,8; schol. Apoll. Rhod. 3,1 b). Later texts describe flute playing as her particular responsibility (Hor. Carm. 1,1,33; schol. Eur. Rhes. 346; schol. Hes. Theog. 76). According to Apollodorus of Athens (FGrH 244 F 146) and Heraclid. fr. 159 Wehrli, E. was impregnated by Strymon and gave birth to  Rhesus (cf. Apollod. 1,18; sch…

[German version] (Πυγμαῖοι/ Pygmaîoi; from πυγμή/ pygmḗ, 'fist'; hence 'mittens' [1]; Lat. Pygmaei). A dwarf people, generally located by ancient ethnography at the edge of the known world, i.e. in Africa (Aristot. Hist. an. 8,12,597a), India (Ctesias FGrH 688 F 45) and Thrace (Plin. HN 4,44). Pygmy is, however, also a general term for people of unusually short stature (Aristot. Gen. an. 2,8,749a 4-6). Mythology has pygmies originating from Gaea and Poseidon  (Hes. fr. 150,17-18 Merkelbach/West). Herodotus'…

[German version] (μονόκερως/ monókerōs, monoceros, unicornis). The unicorn was irrelevant to Graeco-Roman mythology; and it was not a theme in iconography (it is common, however, in mediaeval book illustration). Accounts of one-horned animals are more frequent, originating primarily from the Indian rhinoceros (Aristot. Hist. an. 2,1, 499b20; Aristot. Part. an. 3,2,663a20; Megasthenes FGrH 715 F 27b;  Ael. NA 3,41; 16,20; Plin. HN 8,76; 11,255). The main source was Ctesias of Cnidus, who was the first to describe in detail a fabulous one-horned wild ass in his Ἰνδικά ( Indiká = FGr…

[German version] (Χρυσηίς; Chrysēís). Etymology ‘girl from  Chryse’ or ‘daughter of Chryses’. The daughter of the Apollo priest Chryses who was captured by  Achilles in Thebes and allotted to Agamemnon as a slave. When Chryses pleaded with Agamemnon to have C. returned, he was refused. On Chryses' prayer Apollo forced the return of C. by sending a plague. Agamemnon then demanded Achilles' captive  Briseis as a substitute and, thus, incurred his anger (Hom. Il. 1). According to schol. Il. 1,392 C. w…

[German version] (Χρυσίππη; Chrysíppē). Danaid who killed her spouse Chrysippus, son of Aegyptus (Apollod. 2,18; Hyg. Fab. 170). Bloch, René (Berne)

[German version] (Δεῖμος; Deîmos). Personification of fear; usually associated with  Phobos. Together with  Eris the pair urge warriors into battle (Hom. Il. 4,440), and harness the horses to  Ares's chariot (Il. 15,119f.).  Antimachus [3] misinterpreted them as the horses of Ares, descended from Thyella (‘storm’) [1]; similarly, in Val. Fl. 3,89 Terror and Pavor are the horses of Mars. According to Hes. Theog. 934, D. and Phobos are the sons of Ares and Cythereia (Aphrodite). In Semus, FGrH 396 F …

[German version] The personification and deification of harmony analogous to the Greek  Homonoia (Cic. Nat. D. 2,61; ThlL, Onom. 2, 555-558 s.v. C.). C. is attested on one of the pocula deorum ( Cucordia. pocolo) [1]. Worship of c. is attested in Rome from the 4th cent. BC. The decisive phases in her history are associated with the search for internal unity (cf. the concordia ordinum). A first temple was allegedly dedicated to her in the northwest corner of the Forum in 367 BC by  Camillus to celebrate the end of the ‘struggle of the orders’ (Plut. Camillus 4…

[German version] (Κανδαύλης; Kandaúlēs). According to Hdt. 1.7-12, the last ruler of the Heraclid dynasty in Lydian Sardis. The Greeks also called him Myrsilus after his father Myrsus. C. allowed his faithful retainer  Gyges [1] to see his wife naked so that he would be convinced of her beauty. He was then murdered by Gyges after C.'s wife confronted him with the choice of suicide as an alternative. A dramatic version of this material can be glimpsed from the remnants of the text (TrGF II Adespota …

[German version] (Βότρης; Bótrēs). Son of the Theban Eumelus. When the latter, in B.'s presence, is about to sacrifice a sheep to Apollo, B. eats the animal's brains before it is placed on the altar. Thereupon his father strikes him with a firebrand. Apollo, however, takes pity on him and turns him into the bird, Aeropus (Bee-eater), which broods in an underground nest and continually seeks to fly (Ant. Lib. 18). Bloch, René (Berne)

(Διώρης; Diṓrēs). [German version] [1] Son of Amarynceus Son of  Amarynceus [1]. One of the four leaders of the Epeians from Elis who went to Troy. He was killed by the Thracian Peirous (Hom. Il. 2,622; 4,517; Paus. 5,3,4). Bloch, René (Berne) Bibliography W. Kullmann, Die Quellen der Ilias, Hermes ES 14, 1960, 98 and 162 E. Visser, Homers Katalog der Schiffe, 1997, 569-573. [German version] [2] Father of Automedon Father of  Automedon, chariot driver to Achilles and Patroclus (Hom. Il. 17,429). Bloch, René (Berne) [German version] [3] Son of Priamus Son of Priamus, companion of  Ae…

[German version] (Δημοδίκη; Dēmodíkē). Second wife of the Boeotian king  Athamas and stepmother of Phrixus whom she pursues in unrequited love. Phrixus takes flight for this reason (Pind. fr. 49, Damodika; Schol. Pind. Pyth. 4,288a). Usually she is called  Ino (Apollod. 1,80-84). In another version she is the wife of Cretheus, brother of Athamas. She slanders Phrixus, who will not return her love, before Cretheus, whereupon he demands Phrixus' death from Athamas. However, Phrixus is removed by his mother  Nephele (Hyg. Poet. Astr. 2,20). Bloch, René (Berne) Bibliography P. Angeli B…

[German version] (Εὐφροσύνη; Euphrosýne, ‘cheerfulness’). One of the  Charites (Hes. Theog. 909; Pind. Ol. 14,14; Apollod. 1,13). In Hyg. Poet. Fab. praef. E. is a daughter of Erebos and  Nyx (cf. Gratia in Cic. Nat. D. 3,44). In Orph. H. 3,5 E. is an epithet of Nyx. Bloch, René (Berne) Bibliography K.-H. Tomberg, E. B. Harrison, s.v. Charis, Charites, LIMC 3.1, 191-203.

[German version] (Ἰαπετός; Iapetós). The etymology is uncertain, perhaps ‘the one hurled down’ (on ἰάπτειν; iáptein, ‘to hurl’ [1]). The often postulated connection to OT Japheth, the third son of Noah (Gen. 5,32 et passim), cannot be proven [2; 3]. I. is the titan who was hurled by Zeus into Tartarus along with  Kronos (Hom. Il. 8,479). Son of  Gaia and  Uranus (Hes. Theog. 134). He fathered the sons  Atlas [2],  Menoetius,  Prometheus and Epimetheus with the Oceanid Clymene (Hes. Theog. 507-511). Among others, Asia (Apollod. 1…

(Εὐρυάλη; Euryálē). [German version] [1] One of the Gorgons One of the  Gorgons (Hes. Theog. 276; Pind. Pyth. 12,20; Apollod. 2,40). Bloch, René (Berne) [German version] [2] Mother of Orion Mother of  Orion (Eratosth. Katasterismoi 32; Hyg. Poet. Astr. 2,34; Apollod. 1,25). Bloch, René (Berne)

[German version] (Διώνη; Diṓnē, cf. Ζεύς, Διός; Zeús, Diós). Perhaps Zeus' original wife [1], though she was already replaced by  Hera in Mycenaean times (cf. PY Tn 316). A coin from Epirus [2] shows an enthroned D., with Zeus on the verso; in the Zeus sanctuary at  Dodona, she was worshipped alongside Zeus [3].  Aphrodite was also regarded as the daughter of the two (Hom. Il. 5,370; Eur. Hel. 1098; [4]; Theoc. Id. 15,106; 17,36; cf. Pl. Symp. 180d). In Cic. Nat. D. 3,23, D. is the mother of the third V…

(Εὐρυβάτης; Eurybátēs, ‘the long-striding’ [1. 77]). Descriptive name of two heralds. [German version] [1] Herald to Agamemnon Herald to Agamemnon (Hom. Il. 1,320; Ov. Epist. 3,9-10). Together with Talthybius he takes  Briseis from the tent of Achilles and brings her to Agamemnon. He is frequently depicted in this function [1]. Bloch, René (Berne) Bibliography 1 E. Zervoudaki, s.v. Euryalos 1, LIMC 4.1, 95-97. [German version] [2] Quick-witted herald to Odysseus Quick-witted herald to Odysseus, who treasures him despite his ugliness (Hom. Od. 19,244-248; Hom. I…

[German version] (Ἐγκέλαδος; Enkélados, ‘The Raging One’, from κελαδέω; keladéō; EM. s.v. E. 310,35 Gaisford; Hsch. s.v. E.). One of the  giants, son of Tartarus and Ge (Hyg. Fab. praef. 4). He fought against Zeus (Batr. 283), Dionysus (Eur. Cycl.5-9) and─according to the most widely disseminated version─Athene, who threw the island of Sicily or Mt. Aetna on him (Callim. Fr. 1,36; Eur. HF 907-909; Apollod. 1,37; Verg. Aen. 3,578). He is commonly represented in the visual arts [1]. Bloch, René (Berne) Bibliography 1 F. Vian, s.v. E., LIMC 3.1, 742-743. R. Rocca, s.v. E., EV 2, 217-218 F. …

[German version] (from exuere, ‘take off, remove’). In addition to its profane meaning (‘discarded items of clothing, captured weapons, stripped animal hide’), exuviae (cf. ThlL s.v. exuviae) is used to signify the attributes of the gods that are paraded on festive occasions (Plin. HN 7,145; Suet. Aug. 94,6; Apul. Met. 9,4; 11,10; 11,29). In the pompa circensis (festive  procession through the  circus) they were taken on special carts ( tensae) to the   pulvinar (Fest. 500: vehiculum quo exuviae deorum ludicris circensibus in circum ad pulvinar vehuntur). In Val. Max. 1,1,16 (Lac…

[German version] (βασιλίνδα; basilínda). Game in which a child is named king by drawing lots, and then the ‘king’ assigns roles to his playmates which they must act out (Poll. 9,110). It is similar to the game of kings of Cyrus as described by Herodotus, except for the fact that the king is elected there (Hdt. 1,114). The game is different from the ball game in which the winner is called the king and the loser is called the donkey (Poll. 9,106); another (different) children's game is mentioned by Horace (Epist. 1,1,59-60).  Ball games;  Children's games Bloch, René (Berne)

(Δρυόπη; Dryópē). [German version] [1] Nymph, transformed into a tree Name of a nymph. Two widely diverging accounts exist of D.'s metamorphosis. According to Nik. in Antonius Liberalis 32, D. was the daughter of  Dryops and wife of  Andraemon [2]. She took onto her lap Apollo, who had been transformed into a tortoise, and subsequently gave birth to  Amphissus. D. was abducted by the nymphs with whom she played as a girl and to whose world she originally belonged. In her place, a black poplar and a spring…

(Ἔχεκλος; Écheklos). [German version] [1] Son of the Trojan Agenor Son of the Trojan Agenor, killed by Achilles (Hom. Il. 20,474). Paus. 10,27,2 points to a parallel motive in the Iliad parva (18 PEG I) where the son of Achilles, Neoptolemus, kills the father of E. Bloch, René (Berne) Bibliography W. Kullmann, Die Quellen der Ilias, Hermes ES 14, 1960, 354 P. Wathelet, Dictionnaire des Troyens de l'Iliade, vol. 1, 1988, 555f. [German version] [2] Trojan, killed by Patroclus Trojan, killed by Patroclus (Hom. Il. 16,694). Bloch, René (Berne) Bibliography P. Wathelet, Dictionnaire des…

[German version] (Ἠλεκτρύων; Ēlektrýōn). Tirynthian or Mycenaean hero, son of Perseus and Andromeda, husband of Anaxo, the daughter of  Alcaeus, father of  Alcmene. He lost almost all his sons fighting the Teleboans (Taphians). When the cattle stolen from E. were handed over, he was killed by his son-in-law  Amphitryon. This was the occasion for the latter and Alcmene to emigrate to Thebes (Hes. Sc. 3; 11-12; Apollod. 2,52-56; Hyg. Fab. 244,1; 4; Paus. 2,25,8). Bloch, René (Berne)

(Χρυσόθεμις; Chrysóthemis). [German version] [1] Beloved of Apollo Beloved of Apollo. From their union Parthenus was born, but died as a child and was transformed into a constellation by Apollo (Hyg. Poet. Astr. 2,25). According to Diodorus (5,62,1f.) she was the wife of Staphylus and mother of Molpadia, Parthenus and Rhoeo. The latter bore Appollo's son  Anius. Bloch, René (Berne) [German version] [2] Daughter of Agamemnon and Clytaemnestra Daughter of Agamemnon and Clytaemnestra, sister of Laodice and Iphianassa (Hom. Il. 9,145.287), in Soph. El. 157 of Electr…

(Εὐρυτίων; Eurytíōn). Frequently used name of heroes and  centaurs. [German version] [1] Leader of the centaurs Thessalian centaur; in the house of Peirithous, while drunk on wine, he violates Peirithous' bride  Hippodamia, whereupon the Lapiths disfigure him; this leads to the conflict between  Lapithae and centaurs. The suitor  Antinous [1] holds E.'s fate up before Odysseus as a warning (Hom. Od. 21,295-304). Later too, E. as leader of the centaurs is frequently represented as a terrifying example (Thgn. 1,542). Bloch, René (Berne) [German version] [2] Peloponnesian centaur Pel…

(Δόλιος; Dólios). [German version] [1] Epithet of Hermes ‘The cunning’, epithet of Hermes (Aristoph. Thesm. 1202; Soph. Phil. 133; Cornutus 16). On the road to Pellene there stood a statue of Hermes D. (Paus. 7,27,1). Bloch, René (Berne) [German version] [2] Old slave of Penelope Old slave of  Penelope, who looked after her garden on Ithaca for her (Hom. Od. 4,735-741; 24,222). He put his sons at Odysseus' disposal for the battle with the relatives of the slain suitors (Hom. Od. 24,386-411; 492-501). According to Hom. Od. 17,212; 18,321f. …

[German version] (Ἐρύθεια; Erýtheia). One of the  Hesperids (Hes. fr. 360; Apollod. 2,114). According to schol. Apoll. Rhod. 4,1399, the mythical island E. (‘Red Country’) on which  Geryoneus lived (Hes. Theog. 290) is named after her. According to Paus. 10,17,5 (after him Steph. Byz. s.v. Ε.), E. was Geryoneus' daughter and the mother of  Norax by Hermes. E. was usually thought to be in the area of Gadera or Tartessus (Stesichorus fr. 184 PMGF 1; Pherecydes FGrH 3 F 18b; Ephorus FGrH 70 F 129a; Philistides FGrH 11 F 3; Hdt. 4,8). This view was challenged by Hecataeus (FGrH 1 F 26). Bloch, René …

[German version] From calare -- ‘to call’. a) Slaves who convey orders (Fest. p. 34; differently [1] who equates calatores with nomenclatores on the basis of Plaut. Merc. 852. The latter are slaves who give their masters the names of those passing while away). b) Assistants of the higher priests, almost exclusively freed persons. They are already in evidence on the Forum stele (CIL I2 1). Their task was to prepare the way for the priest by calling and to stop the priest coming into contact with polluted elements or unfavourable omens prior to sacrifices. The…

(Δημώνασσα; Dēmṓnassa). [German version] [1] Daughter of the Argive seer Amphiaraus Daughter of the Argive seer  Amphiaraus and  Eriphyle, wife of  Thersander, a son of Polyneices, mother of Tisamenus (Paus. 3,15,8, 9,5,15). On the Cypselus Chest described by Pausanias she is shown standing with her siblings Eurydice and Alcmaeon before the house of Amphiaraus who is mounting the chariot (Paus. 5,17,7) [1]. On a late Corinthian crater that also depicts the departure of Amphiaraus the inscription calls her …

[German version] (Δηιφόντης; Dēiphóntēs). Great-great grandson of Heracles (Heracles-Ctessipus-Thrasyanor-Antimachus-D.). He married  Hyrnetho, daughter of the Heraclid  Temenus. The latter had been awarded Argos in the land lottery after the conquest of the Peloponnese. Temenus' sons, who felt neglected compared with D. and Hyrnetho, had their father killed. As he was dying, Temenus handed over rule to D. and Hyrnetho. But the Temenids did not relinquish their claims to power. For this reason D. m…

(Εὐάδνη; Euádnē, ‘the pleasing one’). [German version] [1] Daughter of Poseidon and Pitane Daughter of Poseidon and Pitane, the daughter of the river god Eurotas, who was brought up by the Arcadian king  Aepytus [1]. She secretly gave birth to Apollo's son  Iamus, the ancestor of the prophetic clan of the Iamidae in Olympia, and abandoned him in a bed of violets (Pind. Ol. 6,28-73) [1; 2]. Bloch, René (Berne) [German version] [2] Wife of Capaneus, with whom she died Daughter of Iphis (Apollod. 3,79) or Phylacus (Hyg. Fab. 243,3; 256). She threw herself on the burning funera…

(Δηιών, Δηιονεύς; Dēiṓn, Dēioneús). [German version] [1] Mythical king of Phocis Son of Aeolus [1] and Enarete the daughter of Deimachus. He was king of Phocis, and married Diomede the daughter of  Xuthus. From this marriage issued Asterodia, Ainetus,  Actor [2],  Phylacus and  Cephalus (Apollod. 1,51; 86; Hyg. Fab. 189,1; Callim. H. 3,209; Str. 10,2,14). The two last names show connections with Attica, as does the name Xuthus. Bloch, René (Berne) Bibliography F. Graf, Greek Mythology, 1993, 127. [German version] [2] A frequent erroneous spelling of Eioneus A frequent erroneous s…

(Εὔνηος; Eúnēos). [German version] [1] Great-grandson of Dionysus, warrior on both fronts in the Trojan War Lemnian ruler, son of Hypsipyle ( Lemnian women) and of Jason (Apollod. 1,115; Hyg. Fab. 15), brother of  Thoas [2], grandson of  Thoas [1] and great-grandson of  Dionysus. In the Trojan War he assisted both the Achaeans and the Trojans. While he was sending wine-laden ships to the former (Hom. Il 7,467-469), he bought freedom for Priamus' son Lycaon who was a prisoner of war (Hom. Il 23,746-747). ─ In Athens there was a ‘musicians' guild’ ( génos musikṓn) by the name of Euneidai …

[German version] (ְךֶלֹמ, molæk, LXX: Μολοχ/ Moloch, Vulg.: Moloch). M. is most probably the name of a Canaanite deity to whom children were supposedly sacrificed. However, it is difficult to determine how M. fit into the Canaanite pantheon (Malik? Milkom? Adad-Milki?). Referring to the Phoenician-Punic term for a sacrifice, mlk/ molk, Eissfeldt interpreted M. not as a god, but as a technical term for the sacrifice of children (or substitutes) [1]. But this view is contradicted by passages in which M. clearly referred to a god (cf. Lv 20:5). The Hebrew Bible explicitly forbids sacri…

(Βροτέας; Brotéas). [German version] [1] Son of Tantalos Son of Tantalus and Euryanassa, brother to Pelops and Niobe, father of the younger Tantalus, who was married with Clytaemnestra before Agamemnon (schol. Eur. Or. 5; Paus. 2,22,3). The Magnetes believed that he had created the oldest rock carving of the Mother of the Gods near Magnesia on the Sipylus (Paus. 3,22,4). In another tradition he was a huntsman who scorned  Artemis and who, after asserting that fire could do him no harm, hurled himself into a fire in a fit of insanity and perished (Apollod. Epit. 2,2). Bloch, René (Berne) …

(Χρομίος; Chromíos). [German version] [1] Brother of Nestor Son of Neleus and Chloris; brother of Nestor (Hom. Od. 11,286). Bloch, René (Berne) [German version] [2] Companion at arms of Nestor Companion at arms of Nestor (Hom. Il. 4,295). Bloch, René (Berne) [German version] [3] Son of Priam Son of Priam; killed by Diomedes (Hom. Il. 5,160; Apollod. 3,152). Bloch, René (Berne) [German version] [4] Trojan, killed by Teucer Trojan; killed by Teucer (Hom. Il. 8,275). Bloch, René (Berne) [German version] [5] Lycian, killed by Odysseus Lycian; killed by Odysseus (Hom. Il. 5,677). Bloch, Ren…

[German version] (Δηιοπίτης; Dēiopítēs). Trojan, son of  Priamus (Apollod. 3,153; Hyg. Fab. 90,6). Wounded by Odysseus (Hom. Il. 11,420); according to Dictys 3,7 killed by Agamemnon. Bloch, René (Berne) Bibliography P. Wathelet, Dictionnaire des Troyens de l'Iliade, 1988, vol. 1, 414f.

[German version] (Ἔναλος; Énalos). Lesbian hero from the Poseidon circle, entangled in the foundation myth of Lesbos. According to Myrsilus of Methymna (FGrH 477 F 14), the Penthilidae ( Penthilus), because of an oracle of Amphitrite, threw the daughter of Smintheus (or Phineus) into the sea; her lover E. jumped in but was saved by a dolphin and carried to Lesbos. Plut. Mor. 20, p. 163 a-d is more detailed: E. was one of the colonists of Lesbos who had to sacrifice a maiden to Amphitrite and the Ne…

(Βισάλτης; Bisáltēs). [German version] [1] Son of Helius and Ge Son of Helius (the Sun) and Ge (the Earth); the Macedonian city and region, Bisaltia, is named after him (Steph. Byz. s.v. Βισαλτία 170f.; Favorinos FHG 3,583f. [fr. 44]). Bloch, René (Berne) [German version] [2] Father of Theophane Father of  Theophane, who was courted by many suitors (Ov. Met. 6,117: Bisaltis). Her liaison with Poseidon produced the ram with the Golden Fleece that carried Phrixus to Colchis (Hyg. Fab. 188). Bloch, René (Berne)

(Βρισεύς; Briseús, Βρίσης; Brísēs). [German version] [1] Father of Briseis Father of  Briseis (Hom. Il. 1,392; 9,132). Bloch, René (Berne) [German version] [2] Epiclesis of  Dionysus in Smyrna Epiclesis of  Dionysus in Smyrna (CIG 3160f.; 3190). Bloch, René (Berne) Bibliography Nilsson, GGR 2, 344, 361, 379.

[German version] (Δωτώ; Dōtṓ). Feminine short form, presumably understood as ‘the giver’ [1] (cf. δώτωρ, δωτήρ, δώτης etc.). One of the  Nereids (Hom. Il. 18,43; Hes. Theog. 248; Apollod. 1,11; Verg. Aen. 9,102; Hyg. Fab. praef. 8; IG XIV 2519). She occupied a sanctuary in the Syrian coastal town of Gabala (Paus. 2,1,8). Bloch, René (Berne) Bibliography 1 Kamptz, 126. G. Garbugino, s.v. D., EV 2, 137.

[German version] (Δηιόπεια; Dēiópeia). A nymph in the vicinity of Cyrene, distinguished by her extraordinary beauty; she lives in the depths of the Peneius (Verg. G. 4,343). Juno promises her to Aeolus in marriage (Verg. Aen. 1,71-73). Bloch, René (Berne) Bibliography R. A. B. Mynors, Virgil. Georgics (comm.), 1990, 303 M. Scarsi, s.v. D., EV 2,17.

[German version] (Βρόντης; Bróntēs), cf. ἡ βροντή (hē brontḗ) ‘thunder’. One of the three  Cyclopes born of Uranus and Gaia, who gave Zeus thunder and lightning (Hes. Theog. 140; Apollod. 1,1; Serv. Aen. 8,425; Pherecydes in schol. Eur. Alc. 1). B. made  Metis pregnant, who was devoured by Zeus, whereupon Pallas  Athene sprang from Zeus' head (schol. Il. 8,39). Bloch, René (Berne) Bibliography O. Touchefeu-Meynier, s.v. Kyklops, LIMC 6.1, 154-159.

(Δίκτυς; Díktys). [German version] [1] Son of Magnes and a Naiad Son of Magnes and a Naiad, brother or half-brother to  Polydectes (Apollod. 1,88), the king of the island of Seriphos. Other sources stress his descent from Poseidon direct or in the fourth degree (Tzetz. Lycoph. 838; Pherecydes FGrH 3 F 10f.). As a fisherman (D. = ‘netsman’) he lodges  Danae and her infant son  Perseus, who are swept onto the shore at Seriphos in a box. The story has been frequently staged [1]. In Aeschylus' satyr-play Diktyulkoi (TrGF 3 F 46-47) satyrs help D. and another fisherman to land the heav…

(Ἐτεοκλῆς; Eteoklês, ‘genuine fame’ cf. [1]). [German version] [1] Committer of fratricide, son of Oedipus and Iocaste Theban hero, son of  Oedipus and his mother Iocasta (Epicaste); in the Oedipodea (fr. 2 PEG I;  Epic cycle) Euryganeia is the mother. The feud with his brother  Polyneices, recounted as early as Homer (Il. 4,376-398), stemmed from the curse uttered by their father after both sons had insulted him (Thebais fr.2-3 PEG I; Attic tragedy: Aesch. Sept.; Soph. OT; Soph. OC; Soph. Ant.; Eur. Phoen.). E. broke the a…

[German version] (Ἐργῖνος; Ergînos). Mythical king of Orchomenus in Boeotia, son of Clymenus and  Budeia or Buzyge. When Menoeceus' chariot driver, the Theban Perieres, killed E.'s father during the feast of Poseidon, E. made Thebes pay tributes. The young Hercules, however, liberated Thebes from this tribute in a fight in which E. was defeated (Paus. 9,17,1-4; 37,1-4; schol. Il. 16,572; Apollod. 2,67-69; Eur. HF 220-221; Diod. Sic. 4,10,5). The fight of E. against Hercules is depicted on a Hadrian…

[German version] (Δελφός; Delphós). Hero who gave his name to  Delphi. He controlled the territory around Parnassus, when  Apollo, arriving from Delos, entered Delphi (Aesch. Eum. 16 with schol.). Apollo or Poseidon was mentioned as his father, and Melaena, Celaeno or Thyia as his mother (Paus. 10,6,3-5; schol. Eur. Or. 1094; Hyg. Fab. 161). In some accounts D. is said to have been the leader of the Cretans who came to Phocis and called themselves Delphi after him (Phylarchos FGrH 81 F 85). Delphi was also called Pytho after his son Pythes or his daughter Pythis (Paus.…

[German version] (Δηιπύλη; Dēipýlē). Daughter of  Adrastus [1] and Amphithea; sister of  Argea [2], in whose company she is often portrayed [1]. Adrastus gave D. in marriage to  Tydeus, to whom she bore  Diomedes (Apollod. 1,103; 3,59; Hyg. Fab. 69A; 97,4). Bloch, René (Berne) Bibliography 1 G. Berger-Doer, s.v. Argeia, LIMC 2.1, 587-590.

(Ἐχέμμων; Echémmōn). [German version] [1] Son of Priamus A son of Priamus. He was killed at the same time as his brother Chromius [3] of Diomedes (Hom. Il. 5,160; Apollod. 3,153). Bloch, René (Berne) Bibliography P. Wathelet, Dictionnaire des Troyens de l'Iliade, vol. 1, 1988, 557f. [German version] [2] Nabataean A Nabataean who was killed by Perseus (Ov. Met. 5,163; 176). Ovid at this point adopts the Homeric motif from Hom. Il. 5,159-165 (cf. E. [1]). Bloch, René (Berne) Bibliography F. Bömer, P. Ovidius Naso, Met. B. 4-5 (comm.), 1976, 264.

[German version] (Δαιδαλίων; Daidalíōn). Son of Heosphoros (Lucifer); brother of Ceyx; father of  Chione [2]. In his grief for the death of his only daughter, who scorned the beauty of Diana and was killed by her, he throws himself from the peak of Parnassus. Apollo, however, transforms him into a hawk (Ov. Met. 11,291-345; Hyg. Fab. 200). In Paus. 8,4,6 D. is the father of  Autolycus [1]. Bloch, René (Berne) Bibliography F. Bömer, Kommentar zu Ov. Met. B. X-XI, 1980, 313.