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[German Version] (Dec 30, 1905 [Jan 12, 1906 Old Style], Kaunas, Lithuania – Dec 25, 1995, Paris). Lévinas, a phenomenologist in the tradition of E. Husserl and M. Heidegger, productively utilized Jewish tradition to develop a “philosophy of the face.” Lévinas's family was Jewish; he grew up with the Bible and the classic Russian authors. In 1923 he moved to Strasbourg, where he studied philosophy. In 1928/1929 he spent…

[German Version] ( liber naturae, liber vitae). In the more limited sense, liber vitae refers to the Holy Scriptures, in the broader sense, the tradition of literate culture; liber naturae refers, in terms of the logic of origins, to the tangible revelation of God in the creation accounts, but then also to the basic self-evident phenomena of everyday life (“that is, after all, quite natural”), the pre-predicative world faith (E. Husserl). The book metaphor traces back to the notion of God as author. The earliest example occurs in Plotinus ( …

[German Version] I. Religious Studies – II. Philosophy – III. Philosophy of Religion I. Religious Studies …

[German Version] I. Philosophy – II. Philosophy of Religion – III. Dogmatics – IV. Ethics I. Philosophy Until G.W.F. Hegel, otherness is a basic provision of finitude. The concept “otherness = the other” acquires a specially personal and a…

[German Version] I. History of Religion – II. Church History – III. Fundamental Theology – IV. Orthodox Law – V. Eastern Poetry – VI. Islam – VII. Buddhism – VIII. Taoism …

[German Version] I. Religious Studies Writing as a sociocultural and political phenomenon is characterized by the expansion of writing skills within a culture. With the emergence of major writing systems (Paleography), the process of reducing communication to writing began, coupled with specific forms of communication. Also related were the profession of the scribe, scribal training, the development of writing materials, and libraries. From the outset, the agents of written material were scholarly circles, religious officials, priests, and scribes (soferim). As religious texts were put into writing (written tradition) – prayers, hymns, oracles, incantations, sacrificial rituals, myths, epics, wisdom texts, statutory regulations – the process of orality (oral tradition) s…