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Your search for 'dc_creator:( "Gräb, Wilhelm" ) OR dc_contributor:( "Gräb, Wilhelm" )' returned 9 results. Modify search
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Culture
(7,222 words)
[German Version] I. Religious Studies – II. Church History – III. Philosophy – IV. Fundamental Theology – V. Ethics – VI. Culture, Art, and Religion – VII. Practical Theology
I. Religious Studies The word “culture” derives from Latin
cultura, “tilling of land”; since antiquity it has been used metaphorically for
cultura animi, “cultivation of the mind,” a…
Source:
Religion Past and Present
Zscharnack, Leopold
(244 words)
[German Version] (Aug 22, 1877, Berlin – Aug 19, 1955, Kassel) studied theology in Berlin, particularly with A. v. Harnack. In 1906 he received his habilitation in Berlin in church history. He wrote extensively on the theology of the Enlightenment, classical literature, and German Idealism within the school of Harnack, guided by an interest in signalizing the contributions of critical, rationalistic theology to a modern reformulation of a reasonable Christianity. In 1910 he became a titular professor and co-editor of the first edition of
Religion in Geschichte und Gegenwart. He was…
Source:
Religion Past and Present
Liberalism
(4,291 words)
[German Version] I. History – II. Philosophy – III. Social Sciences and Ethics – IV. Religion
I. History
1. General Since the 18th century, European liberalism has fought for a civil society, demanding three kinds of civil rights: (1) equality before the law, guaranteed by the rule of law; (2) equal opportunity for political participation, made possible by the right to vote and free access to the public arena; (3) provision of basic social opportunities. Legal equality was the first of these demands put forward…
Source:
Religion Past and Present
Individualism
(1,082 words)
[German Version] I. Concept – II. Methodological Individualism
I. Concept Individualism is a programmatic concept that surfaced around 1900 amid the ideological and ideopolitical debates of the modern bourgeois cultural world. Even at the time of its historical origin, it had negative overtones: it was thought to express a
Zeitgeist that made the individual absolute, subordinating institutions and communities to the self-defined ends of the individual, and thus undermined the basic foundations of society (Community and the individual).
Collectivism came into use as the antonym of
…
Source:
Religion Past and Present
Dedication of Churches
(818 words)
[German Version] I. Concept and Origins – II. Catholic Church – III. Orthodox Churches – IV. Protestant Church
I. Concept and Origins Church dedication is the ceremony which commits a church building to its liturgical use (
dedicatio). It is first attested in Tyre (Eus.
Hist. eccl. X 3f.); the translation of the relics of martyrs for the first celebration of the eucharist appears as early as the 4th century (Ambr.
Epist. 22). Since the early Middle Ages, the dedication of the altar underwent a rich develop…
Source:
Religion Past and Present
Secularization
(7,317 words)
[German Version]
I. Religious Studies In the 1960s, religious studies began to discuss the continuing decline of religious commitment in Europe intensively. In particular the writings of Bryan Wilson (
Religion in a Secular Society, 1966) and Peter L. Berger (
The Sacred Canopy, 1967), drawing on the ideas of M. Weber, É. Durkheim, and others led to formulation of a so-called theory of secularization, where
secularization…
Source:
Religion Past and Present
Modernization
(3,401 words)
[German Version] I. Study of Religion – II. History – III. Sociology – IV. Practical Theology – V. Missiology
I. Study of Religion The term modernization usually refers to mutually reinforcing structural changes in various social sectors: nation building and democratization in the political sector; industrialization and tertiarization (i.e. the development of services) in the economic sector; urbanization, educational expansion, and mobilization in the social sector; diversification and individualization in the c…
Source:
Religion Past and Present
Modern Times
(4,825 words)
[German Version] I. Church History – II. Philosophy – III. Practical Theology
I. Church History
1. The German term
Neuzeit, which first appeared in church historiography around 1870, and which corresponds to the English term “modern times,” encompasses a broad spectrum of heterogeneous meanings. Terms such as
tempus novum, historia nova, or
neue Zeit (“new times”) – in contrast to the Middle Ages (I) – were coined in the 17th century to express experiences, both fascinating and frightening, of accelerated change in many areas of life along with…
Source:
Religion Past and Present
Life-World
(1,678 words)
[German Version] I. Philosophy – II. Fundamental Theology – III. Ethics – IV. Practical Theology
I. Philosophy Because the term
life-wor…
Source:
Religion Past and Present