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[German Version] I. Bible – II. Philosophy – III. History of Theology and Dogmatics – IV. Ethics – V. Law – VI. Social Politics, Social Ethics – VII. Missiology – VIII. Islam I. Bible 1. Ancient Near East and Old Testament The concept of justice in the ancient Near East and the Hebrew Bible is basically one of connectivity. It designates…

[German Version] The concept of philosophy of life or vitalism cannot be defined unambiguously; it is used as a label by a wide variety of philosophical schools. Their common denominator is that they begin with a view of life (IV) as a primary and immediate force or…

[German Version] (Feb 21, 1921, Baltimore, MD – Nov 24, 2002, Lexington, MA). …

[German Version] The philosophy of law studies law (Law and jurisprudence) solely with the tools of common human reason (including common human experience), without appealing to divine revelation or legal authority. Unlike legal doctrine, legal history, and legal sociology, it asks (II) what law actually is (“legal analysis”), (III) why we need law (“legal anthropology”), and (IV) what the normative criteria that define and govern law (“fundamental legal ethics”) are, so as to assess fundamental topical problems by applying these criteria (“applied legal ethics”). I. Historical…