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[English Version] Schmemann, Alexander (13.9.1921 Reval, Estland – 13.12.1983 Crestwood, NY), 1940–1945 Studium der Theol. am Institut Saint-Serge, Paris; Priesterweihe 1946; ab 1951 Lehrtätigkeit in den USA am St. Vladimir's Orthodox Theological Seminary, ab 1962 Dekan in Nachfolge von G. Florovsky. Beeinflußt vom Renouveau catholique (Frankreich, Theologie in …

[English Version] . Grundlage der orth. W. bildet die seit früher kirchl. Zeit bezeugte Segnung des Wassers in der Taufe (: IV.,2.). In Verbindung mit dem seit dem 5.Jh. gefeierten Gedächtnis der Taufe Christi am 6.1. entwickelte sich mit der »Großen W.« ein eigener Ritus, der zwe…

[English Version] (vor 1410 – 17?.4.1478), Mitbegründer des Soloveckij Klosters und hervorragendes Beispiel der Attraktivität des asketischen Lebens in seiner Zeit; 1547 heiliggesprochen. Nicht zu verwechseln mit dem glei…

[German Version] (before 1410 – Apr 17 [?], 1478), co-founder of the Solovetsky Monastery and an outstanding example of the attraction of the ascetic life in his period; canonized in 1547. He is not to be confused with the similarly named (a) metropolitan (1490–1494), (b) author of a pilgrimage account (1423), or (c) character in F. Dostoyevsky’s novel The Brothers Karamazov. Michael Hübner Bibliography On Zossima: K. Appel, “Zosima,” BBKL XIV, 1998, 588f. (bibl.) On the metropolitan: P. Nitsche, LMA IX, 1998, 676f. On the pilgrim: F.B. Poljakov, ibid., 677 On the fictional character: W. Kasack, LTHK 3 X, 2001, 1491.

[German Version] (CIS), a union founded in 1991 of the successor states of the former USSR: Azerbaijan (not 1992–93), Armenia, Georgia (from 1993), Kazakhstan, Kirgistan, Moldavia (beginning 1994), Russia, …

[German Version] (Jan 13, 1854, Ostaškov – Apr 18, 1900, St. Petersburg), Russian church historian who began studying at the Spiritual Academy of St. Petersburg in 1875…

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[German Version] The basis of the Orthodox blessing of water is the blessing of the water used in baptism (IV, 2), attested since the Early Church. In connection with the commemoration of Christ’s baptism on Jan 6, observed since the 5th century, there developed the separate rite of the Great Blessing of the Waters, in a double ceremony. After the liturgy on the eve of the festival, a blessing is recited over a vessel of water, which will supply holy water throughout the coming year. On the feast …

[German Version] I. Terminology All the major concepts in soteriology have biblical roots. Of central importance today is the notion of reconciliation (II), which bridges the theological and secular realms. The original Greek word καταλλαγή/ katallagḗ invo…