Search

, an Indo-Persian poet of the 11th/17th century, died 1057/1647-8. He originated from the S̲h̲āmlū tribe of the Turks and was a native of Tehran, but details regarding his life are scanty. In Persia he served under Mīrzā ʿAbd Allāh Ḵh̲ān, governor of Lāhīd̲j̲ān [ q.v.] in Gīlān. During this time he married and had a son. Among the eminent personalities to whom he addressed his poems in the beginning were the Ṣafawid rulers S̲h̲āh ʿAbbās I (r. 996-1038/1588-1629) and his successor S̲h̲āh Ṣafī I (r. 1038-52/1629-42). Perhaps his failure to f…

, the pen-name of the Persian poet Mīrzā ʿAbd Allāh K̲h̲ān. b. probably ca. 1167/1753 (Bahār, Armag̲h̲ān , xiii/1, 37), d. 1215/1800-1. He started his poetic career in his home town of Turs̲h̲īz in K̲h̲urāsān, but left it in 1189/1775-6 for S̲h̲īrāz, the capital of Karīm K̲h̲ān Zand [ q.v.]. His ambition took him from place to place in search of suitable patronage. Finally, in 1203/1788-9, he entered the service of S̲h̲āhzāda Maḥmūd Durrānī b. Tīmūr S̲h̲āh, the Afg̲h̲ān governor of Harāt (who subsequently became ruler of Afg̲h̲ānistān); S̲h̲āh…

, the pen-name of various minor Persian poets of the 18th-19th centuries. They include: Muḥammad Amīn, b. 1110/1698-9 in Īličpūr (Eličpur) in the western Deccan, d. 1193/1779-80. His ancestors belonged to Iṣfahān, from where his father, Ḥakīm Muḥammad Taḳī K̲h̲ān, migrated to India during the reign of Awrangzīb (1658-1707), and rose to a respectable position under Nawwāb Āṣaf D̲j̲āh (d. 1748), governor of the Deccan in the time of the Mug̲h̲al Emperor Farruk̲h̲siyar (1713-19). Muḥammad A…

[English edition] مدرسة في الاستخدام الحديث، هي اسم لمؤسّسة تعليم تُدرّس فيها العلوم الإسلاميّة. وهي بمثابة معهد للدراسات العليا، وليست مدرسة ابتدائيّة من النوع التقليدي (كتّاب). وفي الاستعمال الوسيط كانت تعني أساساً معهدا لتدريس الفقه، ولم تكن فيها العلوم الإسلامية الأخرى، بما فيها الأدب والفلسفة، سوى مواضيع ثانوية ( Haut du formulaire). 1. المؤسّسة في البلاد العربيّة والفارسيّة والتركيّة 1.1 الكتاتيب يعالج موضوع التعليم الإسلامي عموماً تحت عنوان التربية. ويجدر التنويه ببساطة هنا بأنّ الكتاتيب كانت على الأرجح أقدم المؤسّسات التعليمية غير الرسمية في العال…