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[German version] (Θεῖος; Theîos). The term Theíōi is found, exclusively in the dative, in several inscriptions, e.g. in a calendar of sacrifices from the period of Hadrian. It is controversial (discussion of the sources: [1]) whether it refers to an independent deity (e.g. as a masculine counterpart to Theia [1]) or is an orthographical variant of the dative of theós ('god') or tò theîon ('the divine', 'the deity'). When Theíōi is linked by kaí ('and') with the name of another deity it is possible to interpret it as a further aspect (or epithet) of that deity. Antoni, Silke (Kiel) Bibliograph…

(Οὐρανίωνες; Ouraníōnes). [German version] [1] Term for the descendants of Uranus Term for the descendants of Uranus in general (Hes. Theog. 461; 919) and for the Titans in particular (Hom. Il. 5,898; Orph. fr. 57; Suda s. v. Οὐ.). For a list of all U. see [1. 973-975]. Antoni, Silke (Kiel) Bibliography 1 E. Wüst, s. v. Uranos, RE 9 A, 966-980. [German version] [2] Collective term for the Greek gods 'The Heavenly Ones', collective term for the Greek gods in general, sometimes with the addition of θεοί/ theoí ('gods'; e.g. Hom. Il. 1,570; Hom. Od. 7,242; Orph. fr. 168,15; Q. S…

[German version] (Τενάγης; Tenágēs). One of the Heliadae (according to schol. Pind. Ol. 7,131a-132a, partly according to Hellanikos, the youngest, also called Phaethon [3]), the seven sons of Helios and Rhodos (Rhode). T. is killed by some of his own brothers out of envy (Diod. 5,56,5-57,2; 5,61,1 = Zenon FGrH 523 F 1; schol. Hom. Il. 24,544c). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

[German version] (Σαγαρῖτις; Sagarîtis). According to one of the many aetiological versions of the legend of Attis which purport to explain the self-mutilation of the priests of Cybele, Attis fell in love with the Hamadryad S. and broke the promise of chastity he had given Cybele. The nymph then died from the injuries done to her tree by Cybele, whilst Attis went mad and emasculated himself (Ov. Fast. 221-246; without mentioning the name of the nymph: Julian. Or. 8,165a-168c Rochefort; Sall. Philos…

[German version] (Νηρίτης; Nērítēs). Only son of Nereus and Doris [I 1], brother of the Nereids. He is either transformed into the snail of the same name by Aphrodite, who loves him because of his extraordinary beauty, out of anger because he does not follow her to Olympus, or in another version by Helios, possibly out of jealousy against Poseidon, N.'s lover (Ael. NA 14,28 with reference to lógoi thaláttioi, ‘seamen's tales’; compare EM s.v. ἀνηρίτης and νηρίτης). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

[German version] (Μύλας; Mýlas). One of the Telchines. Inventor of the mill (according to Paus. 3,20,2 the Laconian King Myles), founder of the cult of the Mylánteioi theoí in Cameirus on Rhodes, and eponym of the promontory of Mylantia near Cameirus (Hesych. s.v. Μ.; Steph. Byz. s.v. Μυλαντία). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

(Περιφήτης; Periphḗtēs). [German version] [1] Son of Hephaistos (Periphantos/Περίφαντος/ Períphantos: Suda s.v. Θησείοισιν/ Thēseíoisin ). Son of Hephaestus (or of Neptunus: Hyg. Fab. 38; on the other hand Hyg. Fab. 158) and of Antikleia. Highwayman in Epidaurus who with his club ( korýnē), which is the basis of his epithet Korynḗtēs ('club-carrier', Lat. claviger: Ov. Met. 7,436f.), kills all those passing by. P. is killed (mostly as the first one: Diod. Sic. 4,59; Apollod. 3,217; Plut. Theseus 8,4b) by Theseus on his way from Troizen to Athens w…

[German version] (Νικοθόη; Nikothóē). Daughter of Thaumas and Electra [1], one of the Harpies, also called Aëllopus (Apollod. 1,122) or Aëllo (Hes. Theog. 267; Apollod. 1,10). Sister of Ocypete and Celaeno [2]. Chased from the table of Phineus [1] and pursued by the sons of Boreas, N. plunged into the Peloponnesian river Tigres, which was named Harpys after her (Apollod. 1,122). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

(Ξανθίππη; Xanthíppē). [German version] [1] Daughter of Dorus Daughter of Dorus, with Pleuron parent of Agenor [3], Sterope, Stratonice and Laophonte (Apollod. 1,58). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) [German version] [2] Mythical feeder of her imprisoned father Mycon Woman who fed her father Mycon in prison with her milk (Hyg. Fab. 254; the same motif with different names: Val. Max. 5,4, ext. 1; Plin. HN 7,121; Fest. 228,28-32; Solin. 1,124f.; Nonn. Dion. 26,101-145). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) [German version] [3] Wife of the philosopher Socrates [2] Wife of the philosopher Socrates [2]; orig…

(Θρασυμήδης/ Thrasymḗdēs). [German version] [1] Son of Nestor and Anaxibia Son of Nestor [1] and Anaxibia (daughter of Cratieus), brother e.g. of Echephron [1] and Peisistratus [1] (Hom. Od. 3,412-415; Apollod. 1,94; Dictys 1,13), father of Sillus and hence grandfather of Alcmaeon [2] (Paus. 2,18,8). T. and his brother Antilochus, who is later killed by Memnon [1] (cf. Q. Smyrn. 2,267-344), set off with 15 ships (Hyg. Fab. 97,5) for Troy (Hom. Il. 9,81; 10,255-259; 14,9-11 et passim; Philostr. Heroicus 26…

(Μυρτώ/ Myrt ṓ). [German version] [1] Daughter of Menoetius Daughter of Menoetius [1] from Opus in Locria; sister of Patroclus, mother by Heracles [1] of  Euclea (Plut. Aristides 331e). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) [German version] [2] Supposed wife of Socrates Real or putative daughter, granddaughter or great-granddaughter (the sources disagree) of Aristides [1] the Just. A tradition deriving from Aristotle's ‘On Noble Birth (Περὶ εὐγενείας fragment 3 Ross, fragments 71,1-2 Gigon; SSR I B 7) implies that Socrates had M. as a wife before, af…

[German version] [1] Oldest mythical king of Arcadia (Λυκάων; Lykáōn). Oldest mythical king of Arcadia, son of Pelasgus and of the daughter of Oceanus, Meliboea, or the mountain nymph Cyllene. L.'s sons are the founding heroes of all important Arcadian cities; his son Oenotrus, dissatisfied with his share of the inheritance, is said to have left his homeland and settled in Italy with several followers (hence the name Oenotria) (first in Pherecydes, FGrH 3 F 156). The number of 50 sons mentioned in Apol…

(Σκύθης). [German version] [1] Son of Heracles Third son of Heracles [1] (or Zeus: Diod. 2,43,3) and Echidna, brother of Agathyrsus and Gelonus [1]. Is the only son able to accomplish the task, set by his father, of drawing his bow and putting on his belt, and so becomes the king of Hylaea and the eponym of the Scythae (Hdt. 4,8-10; Steph. Byz. s. v. Σκύθαι; IG 1293 A 95 f.; cf. Sen. Herc. f. 533; Sen. Herc. Oetaeus 157). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) Bibliography 1 A. Nercessian, s. v. S. (1), LIMC 7.1, 794. [German version] [2] Tyrant of Cos, c. 500 BC Tyrant of  Cos c. 500 BC; in 494/3 he handed his…

[German version] [1] Son of Odysseus and Calypso (Τηλέδαμος; Tēlédamos). According to Eust. on Hom. Od. 16,118, the author of the Tēlegonía names a son of Odysseus and Calypso“Telegonus or Teledamus”, which would make him the brother of Nausithous [2] and Nausinous. The passage is evidently corrupt, since elsewhere Telegonus is Odysseus' son with Circe. For a discussion of conjectures: [1]. Antoni, Silke (Kiel) Bibliography 1 K. Scherling, s. v. T. (1), RE 5 A, 313 f. [German version] [2] Son of Agamemnon and Cassandra (Paus.: Τελέδαμος/ Telédamos, schol. Hom. Od.: Τελέδημος/ Telé…

[German version] [1] Amphinomus and Anapias Pious pair of brothers from Catana (Ἀμφίνομος and Ἀναπίας, Ἄναπις; Amphínomos and Anapías/ Ánapis). Pious pair of brothers from Catana, who during a volcanic eruption of Etna carried their parents from the flames; the lava stream divided in a miraculous manner before them. They were still cultically venerated in the imperial period (Paus. 10,28,4); their statutes stood at the place of this rescue, the ‘Place of the Pious’, eusebōn chṓros. The event is first mentioned by Lycurg. Or. in Leocratem 95, which only mentions a youth…

(Παλλήνη/ Pallḗnē). [German version] [1] Daughter of the giant Alcyoneus Also called Palene (Παλήνη/ Palḗnē): Suda s.v. Ἀλκυονίδες ἡμέραι. According to Hegesander (or Agesander: FHG 4, 422, fr. 46), daughter of the giant Alcyoneus [1], who, along with her sisters (Alcyonides [2]), threw herself into the ocean from the Canastraeum, only to be turned into a kingfisher ( alkyṓn, after her father) by Amphitrite (Suda l.c.; Eust. ad Hom. Il. 1,563, p. 776,33-39 (according to Pausanias); Apostolius Paroemiographus 2,20). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) Bibliography P.M.C. Forbes Irving, Metamo…