Search

Your search for 'dc_creator:( "Nutton, Vivian (London)" ) OR dc_contributor:( "Nutton, Vivian (London)" )' returned 375 results. Modify search

Sort Results by Relevance | Newest titles first | Oldest titles first

Quintus

(1,526 words)

Author(s): Steinbauer, Dieter (Regensburg) | Nutton, Vivian (London) | Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari) | Albiani, Maria Grazia (Bologna)
[German version] [1] Common Roman praenomen Common Roman praenomen ; abbreviation: Q.; Greek Κόιντος/ Kóintos. It is identical to the ordinal quīntus (‘fifth’); in Oscan-Umbrian, this name is represented by Pompo and the like, with the nomina gentilicia Pomponius, Pompeius, Pontius. Like other so-called ‘numeral praenomina’, the former individual name could be given to children according to their birth order in the early period. In no case is Q. derived from quīntīlis

Rufus

(1,595 words)

Author(s): Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) | Eck, Werner (Cologne) | Nutton, Vivian (London) | Weißenberger, Michael (Greifswald) | Simons, Roswitha (Düsseldorf)
Common Roman cognomen ('red-haired', 'redhead', Quint. Inst. 1,4,25). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [1] [- - -]us R. Proconsul of Pontus-Bithynia with an impressive monument in Rome Proconsul of Pontus-Bithynia, probably in the final period of the Republic or the first years of Augustus. An impressive monument was erected for him in Rome by more than six cities of the province (CIL VI 1508 = 41054; cf. IGUR 71). Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography …

Moschion

(705 words)

Author(s): Zimmermann, Bernhard (Freiburg) | Stanzel, Karl-Heinz (Tübingen) | Nutton, Vivian (London) | Hidber, Thomas (Berne) | Piccione, Rosa Maria
(Μοσχίων/ Moschíōn). [German version] [1] Tragedian, 3rd cent. BC Athenian tragedian, probably 2nd half of 3rd cent. BC, known almost solely through quotations by Stobaeus. Titles attested include ‘Telephos and two historical dramas: ‘Themistokles, at the heart of which was probably the naval battle at Salamis, following on from Aeschylus' ‘Persians, with the distinction that M. made Themistocles the protagonist; and ‘The Pheraeans, probably dealing with the death of Alexander [15] of Pherae. A…

Demosthenes

(3,503 words)

Author(s): Schmitz, Winfried (Bielefeld) | Engels, Johannes (Cologne) | Weißenberger, Michael (Greifswald) | Selzer, Christoph (Frankfurt/Main) | Nutton, Vivian (London)
(Δημοσθένης; Dēmosthénēs). [German version] [1] Athenian commander during the Peloponnesian War Prominent Athenian commander during the Peloponnesian War. Appointed strategos for the first time in 427/6 BC, he entered Aetolia with Western Greek allies so as to be able to attack Boeotia from the west. Through tactical errors D. suffered a severe defeat and fear prevented him from returning to Athens (Thuc. 3,94-98). However, in the Aetolian and Spartan assault on …

Thessalus

(1,026 words)

Author(s): Binder, Carsten (Kiel) | Kinzl, Konrad (Peterborough) | Zimmermann, Bernhard (Freiburg) | Nutton, Vivian (London)
(Θεσσαλός/ Thessalós). [German version] [1] Eponym of the Greek territory of Thessaly Eponym of the Greek territory of Thessaly (Thessalians, Thessalia; Plin. HN 4,28), son of Haemon [1] (Rhianus FGrH 265 F …

Cosmas

(834 words)

Author(s): Nutton, Vivian (London) | Brodersen, Kai (Mannheim) | Savvidis, Kyriakos (Bochum) | Albiani, Maria Grazia (Bologna)
(Κοσμᾶς; Kosmâs). [German version] [1] C. and Damianus Doctor's saints and patrons of healing Doctor saints and patrons of healing. The Greek Synaxarion (ed. by H. Delehaye) contains three different pairs of saints with these names: 1) the sons of Theodata, who were born in Asia Minor and buried in Pelusium, whose feast day is 1 November; 2) the Roman martyrs stoned during the rule of  Carinus (283-285), whose feast day is 1 July; 3) the Arab martyrs killed with their three brothers under the emperor Diocleti…

Pelops

(1,023 words)

Author(s): Stenger, Jan (Kiel) | Ameling, Walter (Jena) | Welwei, Karl-Wilhelm (Bochum) | Nutton, Vivian (London)
(Πέλοψ; Pélops). [German version] [1] Son of Tantalus Son of Tantalus (Cypria fragment 13 EpGF; in Hyg. Fab. 82 from his liaison with Dione), husband of Hippodamia [1], father of Atreus, Thyestes, Pittheus …

Aetius

(1,578 words)

Author(s): Graf, Fritz (Columbus, OH) | Runia, David T. (Leiden) | Nutton, Vivian (London) | Leppin, Hartmut (Hannover)
(Ἀέτιος; Aétios). [German version] [1] Mythical king of Troezen Son of Anthas, mythical king of Troezen; his successors colonized Halicarnass and Myndus in Caria (Paus. 2,30,8 f.). Graf, Fritz (Columbus, OH) [German version] …

Harpocration

(789 words)

Author(s): Baltes, Matthias (Münster) | Lakmann, Marie-Luise (Münster) | Tosi, Renzo (Bologna) | Nutton, Vivian (London)
(Ἁρποκρατίων; Harpokratíōn). [German version] [1] Platonic philosopher from Argos Platonic philosopher from Argos, 2nd cent. AD, pupil of  Atticus, called ‘top Platonist’ (Πλατωνικῶν κορυφαῖος; Platōnikôn koryphaîos) by Proclus [1. 18]. Important was his commentary on Plato (24 bks.) [1. 28, 152, 180ff., 191, 194, 197, 206, 216f.] and his le…

Poseidonius

(2,115 words)

Author(s): Nutton, Vivian (London) | Matthaios, Stephanos (Cologne) | Inwood, Brad (Toronto) | Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari)
(Ποσειδώνιος/ Poseidṓnios). [German version] [1] Doctor, end of the 4th cent. BC Doctor at the end of the 4th cent. BC, who wrote about mental illnesses and about ephiáltēs, a feeling of suffocation (cf. demons V. C.; Aet. 6,12). P. was taken by Philostorgius (Historia Ecclesiastica 8,10) to be the source for the assertion that insanity is not the result of demonic affliction, but has a physical cause in the form of an imbalance in the bodily fluids (Humoral theory). Nutton, Vivian (London) [German version] [2] Greek grammarian, 2nd cent. BC Alexandrian grammarian of the 2nd c…

Asclepiades

(2,568 words)

Author(s): Degani, Enzo (Bologna) | Döring, Klaus (Bamberg) | Pressler, Frank (Heidelberg) | Nutton, Vivian (London) | Montanari, Franco (Pisa)
(Ἀσκληπιάδης; Asklēpiádēs) [German version] [1] of Samos Epigrammatic poet Epigrammatic poet of the ‘Garland’ of Meleager, who addresses him in the preface by the dark pseudonym Σικελίδης (Anth. Pal. 4,1,46; cf. Hedylus, GA I 1, 101 6, 4; Theoc. 7,40); an outstanding representative of the Ionian-Alexandrianschool, he lived around the turn of the 4th/3rd cent. BC. A. was highly praised by Theocritus (7,39-41), but attacked by Callim…

Gaius

(1,171 words)

Author(s): Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) | Nutton, Vivian (London) | Giaro, Tomasz (Frankfurt/Main) | Fröhlich, Roland (Tübingen)
[II] Widespread Roman praenomen (probably connected with the Latin family name Gavius, but not related to gaudere), abbreviated as C., more rarely G.; in late Greek inscriptions also Γα ( Ga). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [1] Physician of the school of Herophilus Physician of the school of Herophilus, probably 1st cent. BC or AD, wrote about hydrophobia (Caelius Aurelianus morb. ac. 3,113-4). He explained that this disease affected the brain as well as the meninges, because the nerves surrounding the stomach and responsi…

Glycon

(378 words)

Author(s): Robbins, Emmet (Toronto) | Bowie, Ewen (Oxford) | Nutton, Vivian (London) | Neudecker, Richard (Rome)
(Γλύκων; Glýkōn). [German version] [1] Poet Named by Heph. 10,2 Consbruch as the inventor of Glyconic verse ( Metre). His existence is disputed and the three verses ascribed to him (= 1029 PMG) are generally viewed as alexandrine in terms of metre: G. could hardly have lived before Sappho (late 7th cent. BC), who used this meter. Choeroboscus names G. (in his Comm. on St. In Heph. Consbruch) as a comedic poet, but probably mistook him for Leucon (PCG V 612). Anth. Pal. 10,124, a two-liner on the futil…

Iustus

(481 words)

Author(s): Bringmann, Klaus (Frankfurt/Main) | Johne, Klaus-Peter (Berlin) | Nutton, Vivian (London)
[German version] [1] Imperator Caesar C.P. Niger Iustus Augustus, Roman emperor 193-194 AD, see Pescennius see  Pescennius Bringmann, Klaus (Frankfurt/Main) [German version] [2] I. of Tiberias Jew. historian, 1st cent. AD Jewish historian of the 1st cent. AD, wrote a ‘Jewish War’ (66-70/74), in which he dealt critically with the work of the same name by  Josephus [4] Flavius (this made Josephus write a retort in his autobiography: Vita 65), and a chronological-genealogical work on Jewish kings from Moses to  Iulius [II 5] Agrippa II. This work, which appears to…

Zoilus

(701 words)

Author(s): Matthaios, Stephanos (Cologne) | Neudecker, Richard (Rome) | Ameling, Walter (Jena) | Karttunen, Klaus (Helsinki) | Nutton, Vivian (London)
(Ζωίλος/ Zōílos). [German version] [1] Greek Sophist from Amphipolis, 4th cent. BC Greek Sophist from Amphipolis, 4th cent. BC; active in the area of historiography [1], rhetoric [3] and philology; pupil of Polycrates [3], teacher of Anaximenes [2] from Lampsacus and Demosthenes [2]. However, Z. owes his fame to his criticism of Homerus [1] in his work Κατὰ τῆς Ὁμήρου ποιήσεως/ Katà tês Homērou poiḗseōs ('Against Homer's verse'; 9 books; fragments in [2]) which earned him the epithet Ὁμηρομάστιξ ( Homēromástix, 'Scourge of Homer'). Motivated by the Cynic approach, Z. endeav…

Cydias

(426 words)

Author(s): Robbins, Emmet (Toronto) | Weißenberger, Michael (Greifswald) | Hoesch, Nicola (Munich) | Nutton, Vivian (London)
(Κυδίας; Kydías). [German version] [1] Erotic poet Erotic poet, quotes from Pl. Chrm. 155d, mentioned by Plut. Mor. 931e. He was obviously popular in Athens as he is depicted as a komast on a red-figured dish (Munich 2614) and on a psykter (London, BM E767) from c. 500 BC [1. 12-13]. He may perhaps be identical with Cydidas of Hermione referred to by Schol. Aristoph. Nub. 967 [2. 215]. Possibly (rather improbable) he is the dithyramb poet Cedeides/Ceceides mentioned by Aristoph. Nub. 985 (with schol.) [3]. Robbins, Emmet (Toronto) Bibliography 1 K. Friis Johansen, Eine Dithyrambos-A…

Aegimius

(325 words)

Author(s): Graf, Fritz (Columbus, OH) | Selzer, Christoph (Frankfurt/Main) | Nutton, Vivian (London)
(Αἰγιμιός; Aigimiós). [German version] [1] Mythical progenitor of the Dorians in the Oete mountains Son (or father) of Dorus, father of Dyman and Pamphilus (Hes. fr. 10a 7). Progenitor of the Dorians in the Oete mountains (Pind. Pyth. 1,64;5,72; Str. 9,427 after Ephoros, FGrH 115 F 15). He adopted Hercules' son Hyllus after the death of his father, in addition to his own sons, to show his appreciation of Hercules' help. The three Dorian phyles were given the names Hylleis, Pamphiloi, Dymanes, after them. Othe…

Chrysippus

(3,163 words)

Author(s): Scheer, Tanja (Rome) | Inwood, Brad (Toronto) | Nutton, Vivian (London) | Nesselrath, Heinz-Günther (Göttingen) | Montanari, Franco (Pisa)
(Χρύσιππος; Chrýsippos). [German version] [1] Favourite son of Pelops Favourite son of  Pelops from his first marriage with the nymph Axioche (schol. Pind. Ol. 1,89, schol. Eur. Or. 4) or Danais (Plut. Mor. 313E). Two tales are associated with him: Zeus (Praxilla 3,6 Edmonds = Ath. 13 p. 603a) or  Laeus, C.'s teacher in chariot driving (thus presumably in the ‘C.’ of Euripides, TGF fr. 839-844, possibly already in the Laios of Aeschylus), became infatuated with the extraordinarily beautiful youth and abducted him either from his father's house or the Nemean games …

Dexippus

(719 words)

Author(s): Meier, Mischa (Bielefeld) | Birley, A. R. (Düsseldorf) | Nutton, Vivian (London) | Chase, Michael (Victoria, BC)
(Δέξιππος; Déxippos). [German version] [1] Spartan, mercenary leader c. 400 BC Lacedaemonian, 406 BC mercenary leader of Acragas in the war against Carthage in which he played an obscure role. The Syracusans appointed him as the commander in Gela where he refused to support Dionysius I and was then sent back to his homeland (Diod. Sic. 13,85,3f.; 87,4f.; 88,7f.; 93; 96,1). D. is perhaps identical with a perioecus who drew attention to himself in the army of Cyrus the Younger through his wicked machinations and was finally executed by Nicander (Xen. An. 5,1,15; 6,1,32; 6,5ff.). Meier, Misc…

Olympias

(742 words)

Author(s): Badian, Ernst (Cambridge, MA) | Nutton, Vivian (London) | Leppin, Hartmut (Hannover) | Brändle, Rudolf (Basle) | Kramolisch, Herwig (Eppelheim)
(Ὀλυμπιάς; Olympiás). [German version] [1] Daughter of Neoptolemus Daughter of Neoptolemus [2], born in about 375 BC. She was not given the name O. until after the Olympic victory of Philippus II in 356 BC (cf. Plut. Mor. 401b). She married Philip in 357 as his fifth wife (Ath. 13,557b) and bore him Alexander [4] the Great (356) and Cleopatra [II 3]. The birth of a successor elevated O.'s status, but there is no evidence of any political influence. After Philip's marriage to Cleopatra [II 2] she fled to…

Euthydemus

(540 words)

Author(s): Schmitz, Winfried (Bielefeld) | Karttunen, Klaus (Helsinki) | Cassin, Barbara (Paris) | Nutton, Vivian (London)
(Εὐθύδημος; Euthýdemos). [German version] [1] Athenian strategos 418/7 BC Athenian strategos of 418/17 BC. He took part in the Sicilian campaign, during which in 414/13 both he and Menander became commanders to serve alongside Nicias. They were defeated before  Demosthenes [1] even arrived. They failed in their attempt to force their departure out of Syracuse's great harbour (Thuc. 7,16,1; 69,4; Diod. Sic. 13,13,2-4; Plut. Nicias 20). Schmitz, Winfried (Bielefeld) Bibliography D. Kagan, The Peace of Nicias and the Sicilian Expedition, 1981. [German version] [2] E. I. Greek ki…

Olympias

(678 words)

Author(s): Badian, Ernst (Cambridge, MA) | Nutton, Vivian (London) | Leppin, Hartmut (Hannover) | Brändle, Rudolf (Basel) | Kramolisch, Herwig (Eppelheim)
(Ὀλυμπιάς). [English version] [1] Tochter des Neoptolemos [2] Tochter des Neoptolemos [2], geb. um 375 v.Chr. Den Namen O. erhielt sie erst nach dem Olympischen Sieg des Philippos II. im J. 356 v.Chr. (vgl. Plut. mor. 401b). Sie heiratete Philippos 357 als seine fünfte Gemahlin (Athen. 13,557b) und gebar ihm Alexandros [4] d.Gr. (356) und Kleopatra [II 3]. Die Geburt eines Nachfolgers erhöhte O.' Stellung, doch ist polit. Einfluß nicht nachzuweisen. Nach Philippos' Eheschließung mit Kleopatra [II 2] flo…

Dexippos

(685 words)

Author(s): Meier, Mischa (Bielefeld) | Birley, A. R. (Düsseldorf) | Nutton, Vivian (London) | Chase, Michael (Victoria, BC)
(Δέξιππος). [English version] [1] Spartaner, Söldnerführer um 400 v.Chr. Lakedaimonier, 406 v.Chr. Söldnerführer auf Seiten von Akragas im Krieg gegen Karthago, in dem er eine undurchsichtige Rolle spielte. Die Syrakusaner setzten ihn zum Befehlshaber in Gela ein, wo er aber dem Dionysios I. seine Unterstützung versagte, der ihn darauf in die Heimat zurücksandte (Diod. 13,85,3f.; 87,4f.; 88,7f.; 93; 96,1). Vielleicht ist D. identisch mit einem Perioiken, der im Heer des jüngeren Kyros durch seine üblen U…

Chrysippos

(3,128 words)

Author(s): Scheer, Tanja (Rom) | Inwood, Brad (Toronto) | Nutton, Vivian (London) | Nesselrath, Heinz-Günther (Göttingen) | Montanari, Franco (Pisa)
(Χρύσιππος). [English version] [1] Lieblingssohn des Pelops Lieblingssohn des Pelops aus dessen erster Ehe mit der Nymphe Axioche (schol. Pind. O. 1,89, schol. Eur. Or. 4) oder Danais (Plut. mor. 313E). Mit ihm werden zwei Erzählungen verbunden: Zeus (Praxilla 3,6 Edmonds = Athen. 13 p. 603a) oder Laios, Ch.' Lehrer im Wagenlenken (so wohl im “Ch.” des Euripides, TGF fr. 839-844, evtl. schon im Laios des Aischylos), entbrennt in Liebe zu dem außerordentlich schönen Jüngling und entführt ihn aus dem Haus seines Vaters oder aber während der Nemeischen Spiele n…

Kosmas

(774 words)

Author(s): Nutton, Vivian (London) | Brodersen, Kai (Mannheim) | Savvidis, Kyriakos (Bochum) | Albiani, Maria Grazia (Bologna)
(Κοσμᾶς). [English version] [1] K. und Damianos Ärzteheilige und Heilungspatrone Ärzteheilige und Heilungspatrone. Das griech. Synaxarion (hrsg. von H. Delehaye) überl. drei unterschiedliche Heiligenpaare mit diesen Namen: 1) die in Asia minor geb. und in Pelusion begrabenen Söhne der Theodota, deren Festtag der 1. November ist; 2) die röm., unter der Herrschaft des Carinus (283-285) gesteinigten Märtyrer, deren Festtag der 1. Juli ist; 3) die arab., unter Kaiser Diocletian (284-305) im kilikischen Aigai …

Pelops

(951 words)

Author(s): Stenger, Jan (Kiel) | Ameling, Walter (Jena) | Welwei, Karl-Wilhelm (Bochum) | Nutton, Vivian (London)
(Πέλοψ). [English version] [1] Sohn des Tantalos Sohn des Tantalos (Kypria F 13 EpGF; bei Hyg. fab. 82 aus der Verbindung mit Dione), Gatte der Hippodameia [1], Vater des Atreus, des Thyestes, des Pittheus und weiterer Kinder (Pind. O. 1,88f. mit schol.). Urspr. Heimat des P. ist Kleinasien (vgl. Pind. O. 1,24; Hdt. 7,8). Sein Vater Tantalos zerstückelt P., kocht ihn und setzt ihn den Göttern als Speise vor, die den Frevel bemerken; nur Demeter ißt aus Unachtsamkeit davon (Apollod. epit. 2,3; Hyg. fab.…

Kydias

(391 words)

Author(s): Robbins, Emmet (Toronto) | Weißenberger, Michael (Greifswald) | Hoesch, Nicola (München) | Nutton, Vivian (London)
(Κυδίας). [English version] [1] erotischer Dichter Erotischer Dichter, zitiert von Plat. Charm. 155d, erwähnt von Plut. mor. 931e. Er war in Athen offensichtlich beliebt, da er als Komast auf einer rf. Schale (München 2614) sowie auf einem Psykter (London, BM E767) von ca. 500 v.Chr. [1. 12-13] abgebildet ist. Vielleicht ist er identisch mit Kydidas von Hermione, den schol. Aristoph. Nub. 967 [2. 215] nennt. Möglicherweise (eher unwahrscheinlich) handelt es sich um den Dithyrambendichter Kedeides/Kekeides, den Aristoph. Nub. 985 (mit schol.) erwähnt [3]. Robbins, Emmet (Toro…

Iustus/-os

(445 words)

Author(s): Bringmann, Klaus (Frankfurt/Main) | Johne, Klaus-Peter (Berlin) | Nutton, Vivian (London)
[English version] [1] Imperator Caesar C.P.Niger Iustus Augustus, röm. Kaiser 193-194 n.Chr., s. Pescennius s. Pescennius Bringmann, Klaus (Frankfurt/Main) [English version] [2] Iustos aus Tiberias jüd. Historiker, 1. Jh. jüd. Historiker des 1. Jh. n.Chr., schrieb einen ‘Jüdischen Krieg (66-70/74), in dem er sich krit. mit dem gleichnamigen Werk des Iosephos [4] Flavios auseinandersetzte (dies veranlaßte Iosephos zu einer Replik in seiner Autobiographie: vita 65), und ein chronolog.-genealog. Werk über jüd. Könige von Moses…

Demosthenes

(3,273 words)

Author(s): Schmitz, Winfried (Bielefeld) | Weißenberger, Michael (Greifswald) | Engels, Johannes (Köln) | Selzer, Christoph (Frankfurt/Main) | Nutton, Vivian (London)
(Δημοσθένης). [English version] [1] Athenischer Feldherr im Peloponnesischen Krieg Bedeutender athenischer Feldherr während des Peloponnesischen Krieges. Erstmalig 427/6 v.Chr. Stratege, drang er mit westgriech. Verbündeten in Aitolien ein, um Boiotien von Westen angreifen zu können. Aufgrund taktischer Fehler erlitt D. eine schwere Niederlage und kehrte aus Furcht nicht nach Athen zurück (Thuk. 3,94-98). Beim Angriff der Aitoler und Spartaner auf den athenischen Stützpunkt Naupaktos 426 konnte D. aber m…

Glykon

(344 words)

Author(s): Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari) | Bowie, Ewen (Oxford) | Nutton, Vivian (London) | Neudecker, Richard (Rom)
(Γλύκων). [English version] [1] Dichter Von Heph. 10,2 Consbruch als Erfinder des Glykoneus (Metrik) bezeichnet. Seine Existenz ist unbestritten, die drei ihm zugeschriebenen Verse (= 1029 PMG) gelten gemeinhin jedoch als alexandrinisch: Dieser G. kann kaum vor Sappho (Ende 7. Jh. v.Chr.), die dieses Metrum verwendet, gelebt haben. Choiroboskos nennt G. (in seinem Komm. z.St. In Heph. Consbruch) einen komischen Dichter, verwechselt ihn aber vermutlich mit Leukon (PCG V 612). Anth. Pal. 10,124, ein Zw…

Gaius

(1,027 words)

Author(s): Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) | Nutton, Vivian (London) | Giaro, Tomasz (Frankfurt/Main) | Fröhlich, Roland (Tübingen)
Weitverbreiteter röm. Vorname (wohl verbunden mit dem lat. Gentilnamem Gavius, nicht verwandt mit gaudere), abgekürzt C., seltener G.; in späten griech. Inschriften auch Γα. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [English version] [1] herophileischer Arzt, 1. Jh. v.-1. Jh. n. Chr.? Herophileischer Arzt, wahrscheinlich 1. Jh. v. oder n.Chr., schrieb über Hydrophobie (Caelius Aurelianus morb. ac. 3,113-4). Er erklärte, bei dieser Krankheit würden sowohl das Gehirn als auch die Hirnhäute in Mitleidenschaft gezogen, weil die für die unwillkürlich…

Poseidonios

(2,009 words)

Author(s): Nutton, Vivian (London) | Matthaios, Stephanos (Köln) | Inwood, Brad (Toronto) | Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari)
(Ποσειδώνιος). [English version] [1] Arzt, E. 4. Jh. v. Chr. Arzt am E. des 4. Jh. v. Chr., der über Geisteskrankheiten und über ephiáltēs schrieb, ein Erstickungsgefühl (vgl. Dämonen V. C.; Aet. 6,12). P. wurde von Philostorgios (historia ecclesiastica 8,10) als Gewährsmann für die Behauptung genommen, daß Wahnsinn nicht das Resultat von dämonischer Heimsuchung sei, sondern eine körperliche Ursache in Form eines Säfteungleichgewichts habe (Säftelehre). Nutton, Vivian (London) [English version] [2] griech. Grammatiker, 2. Jh. v. Chr. Alexandrinischer Grammatiker des 2. …

Asklepiades (Ἀσκληπιάδης)

(2,391 words)

Author(s): Degani, Enzo (Bologna) | Döring, Klaus (Bamberg) | Pressler, Frank (Heidelberg) | Nutton, Vivian (London) | Montanari, Franco (Pisa)
[English version] [1] Von Samos Epigrammatiker, um 300 v. Chr. Epigrammdichter des “Kranzes” des Meleagros, der ihn im Proömium mit dem dunklen Pseudonym Σικελίδης (Anth. Pal. 4,1,46; vgl. Hedylos, GA I 1, 101 6, 4; Theokr. 7,40) anspricht, herausragender Vertreter der ion.-alexandrin. Schule, lebte um die Wende vom 4. zum 3.Jh. v.Chr. Von Theokrit wurde A. hochgelobt (7,39-41), von Kallimachos dagegen angefeindet (schol. Flor. Kallim. fr.1,1). Von diesem unterschied ihn u.a. eine diametral entgegengesetzte Bewertung der Lyde des Antimachos (9,63, vgl. Kall. fr.398). A.…

Moschion

(371 words)

Author(s): Zimmermann, Bernhard (Freiburg) | Stanzel, Karl-Heinz (Tübingen) | Nutton, Vivian (London) | Hidber, Thomas (Bern)
(Μοσχίων). [English version] [1] Tragiker, 3. Jh. v. Chr. Athenischer Tragiker, vemutlich 2. H. 3. Jh.v.Chr., bekannt fast ausschließlich durch Zitate bei Stobaios. Als Titel bezeugt sind ‘Telephos und zwei histor. Dramen: ‘Themistokles, in dem vermutlich in Anlehnung an Aischylos' ‘Perser die Seeschlacht bei Salamis im Zentrum stand, mit dem Unterschied, daß M. Themistokles zum Protagonisten machte; und ‘Die Leute von Pherai, in denen wohl der Tod des Alexandros [15] von Pherai behandelt wurde. In einem…

Quintus

(1,419 words)

Author(s): Steinbauer, Dieter (Regensburg) | Nutton, Vivian (London) | Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari) | Albiani, Maria Grazia (Bologna)
[English version] [1] Häufiger röm. Vorname Häufiger röm. Vorname (Praenomen); Sigle: Q.; griech. Κόιντος. Er ist mit dem Ordinale quīntus, “fünfter”, identisch - im Oskisch-Umbrischen steht dafür Pompo u. ä., mit Gent. Pomponius, Pompeius, Pontius. Wie andere sog. “Numeralpraenomina” konnte der einstige Individualname in der Frühzeit Kindern nach der Reihenfolge der Geburt gegeben werden. Keinesfalls darf Q. von quīntīlis, “Juli”, abgeleitet werden, da der Monatsname seinerseits schon Derivat von quīntus ist. Zu Q., genauer zu seinem Deminutivum, ist das Gent. Quīntilius g…

Euthydemos

(504 words)

Author(s): Schmitz, Winfried (Bielefeld) | Karttunen, Klaus (Helsinki) | Cassin, Barbara (Paris) | Nutton, Vivian (London)
(Εὐθύδημος). [English version] [1] Athenischer Stratege 418/7 v.Chr. Athenischer Stratege 418/7 v.Chr. Nahm am Sizilienfeldzug teil, in dessen Verlauf er und Menandros 414/3 zu Mitfeldherrn des Nikias gewählt wurden. Noch vor Ankunft des Demosthenes [1] wurden sie geschlagen. Der Versuch, die Ausfahrt aus dem großen Hafen von Syrakus zu erzwingen, schlug fehl (Thuk. 7,16,1; 69,4; Diod. 13,13,2-4; Plut. Nikias 20). Schmitz, Winfried (Bielefeld) Bibliography D. Kagan, The Peace of Nicias and the Sicilian Expedition, 1981. [English version] [2] E. I. Griech. König Baktriens…

Rufus

(1,494 words)

Author(s): Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) | Eck, Werner (Köln) | Nutton, Vivian (London) | Weißenberger, Michael (Greifswald) | Simons, Roswitha (Düsseldorf)
Weitverbreitetes röm. Cogn. (“rothaarig”, “rotköpfig”, Quint. inst. 1,4,25). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [English version] [1] [- - -]us R. Proconsul von Pontus-Bithynia mit eindrucksvollem Ehrendenkmal in Rom Procos. von Pontus-Bithynia, wohl in der letzten Zeit der Republik oder den ersten J. des Augustus. Von mehr als sechs Städten der Prov. wurde ihm in Rom ein eindrucksvolles Ehrendenkmal errichtet (CIL VI 1508 = 41054; cf. IGUR 71). Eck, Werner (Köln) Bibliography W. Eck, CIL VI 1508 (Moretti IGUR 71) und die Gestaltung senatorischer Ehrenmonumente, in: Chi…

Marinos

(1,801 words)

Author(s): Gärtner, Hans Armin (Heidelberg) | Nutton, Vivian (London) | Rist, Josef (Würzburg) | Saffrey, Henri D. (Paris)
(Μαρῖνος). [English version] [1] M. aus Tyros griech. Geograph, 2. Jh. Griech. Geograph, bekannt nur durch seinen unmittelbaren Nachfolger Klaudios Ptolemaios, der ihn als Quelle nennt in seiner ‘Einführung in die Darstellung der Erde (γεωγραφικὴ ὑφήγησις/ geōgraphikḗ hyphḗgēsis, = G.). Arab. Texte, die M. erwähnen, gehen sämtlich auf die ‘G. zurück [8. 189]. Das Werk des M. läßt sich mit Hilfe der von ihm verwendeten ON als zw. 107 und 114/5 n.Chr. entstanden datieren; denn erwähnt werden dort Städte mit dem Namen des Traianus, die auf seine Dak…

Harpokration

(763 words)

Author(s): Baltes, Matthias (Münster) | Lakmann, Marie-Luise (Münster) | Tosi, Renzo (Bologna) | Nutton, Vivian (London)
(Ἁρποκρατίων). [English version] [1] platon. Philosoph aus Argos, 2. Jh. Platonischer Philosoph aus Argos, 2. Jh. n.Chr., Schüler des Attikos, von Proklos ‘Spitzenplatoniker’ (Πλατωνικῶν κορυφαῖος) genannt [1. 18]. Bedeutend waren sein Komm. zu Platon (24 B.) [1. 28, 152, 180ff., 191, 194, 197, 206, 216f.], und sein Platon-Lex. (2 B.) [1. 28, 235]. H. vertrat wie Attikos und Plutarch ein Entstehen der Welt in einem einmaligen (zeitlichen) Akt, lehnte sich aber in seiner Auffassung vom Demiurgos [3] und de…

Lysias

(2,221 words)

Author(s): Weißenberger, Michael (Greifswald) | Beck, Hans (Cologne) | Mehl, Andreas (Halle/Saale) | Karttunen, Klaus (Helsinki) | Neudecker, Richard (Rome) | Et al.
(Λυσίας; Lysías). [German version] [1] Attic logographos, 5th/4th cent. BC Attic logographos , 459/8 or c. 445 to c. 380 BC Weißenberger, Michael (Greifswald) [German version] A. Life The main biographical facts can be gathered from L.'s speeches (esp. or. 12), from which the later vitae (Dion. Hal. de Lysia; Ps.-Plut. Mor. 835c ff.) and Byzantine learning (Phot. Bibl. 262; Suda s.v. L.) drew partly. Born probably around 445, L. left Athens at the age of 15 and together with his older brother Polemarchus settled in the Panhellenic colony o…

Eudemus

(1,447 words)

Author(s): Neudecker, Richard (Rome) | Gottschalk, Hans (Leeds) | Nutton, Vivian (London) | Di Marco, Massimo (Fondi Latina) | Weißenberger, Michael (Greifswald)
(Εὔδημος; Eúdemos). [German version] [1] Sculptor in Miletus, 1st half of the 6th cent. BC Sculptor in Miletus. He signed a male seated statue of the 1st half of the 6th cent. BC, one of the earliest  Branchidae of Didyma. Neudecker, Richard (Rome) Bibliography Fuchs/Floren, 373-375 Loewy, No. 3 K. Tuchelt, Die archaischen Skulpturen von Didyma, 1970, 77-78, 121. [German version] [2] of Cyprus Friend of Aristotle A friend of  Aristotle of about the same age, participated, as a follower of Dion [I 1], in the overthrow of Dionysius II and was killed in the fight…

Diphilus

(1,242 words)

Author(s): Schmitz, Winfried (Bielefeld) | Badian, Ernst (Cambridge, MA) | Di Marco, Massimo (Fondi Latina) | Nesselrath, Heinz-Günther (Göttingen) | Nutton, Vivian (London)
(Δίφιλος; Díphilos). [German version] [1] Athenian operator of a silver mine c. 330 BC Athenian operator of a silver mine. In 330 BC, he was charged by Lycurgus with illegally mining the mesokrineís (pillars), which served both as markers to separate the various leases within the mine but also as safety props, and sentenced to death. His assets of 160 talents were confiscated and distributed amongst the citizens (Ps.-Plut. Mor. 843D).  Mining Schmitz, Winfried (Bielefeld) Bibliography J. Engels, Studien zur polit. Biographie des Hypereides, 21993, 224-237 M. H. Hansen, Demography…

Philinus

(600 words)

Author(s): Schmitz, Winfried (Bielefeld) | Weißenberger, Michael (Greifswald) | Zimmermann, Bernhard (Freiburg) | Nutton, Vivian (London) | Meister, Klaus (Berlin) | Et al.
(Φιλῖνος; Philînos). [German version] [1] Athenian politician Athenian. P. proposed absorbing all thetai (thetes) into the hoplites ( hoplítai ) (Antiph. fr. 61 from the speech Katà Philînou). In 420/419 BC, he attempted to prevent a case brought against him for the improper use of public funds by inciting one Philocrates to raise a charge of accidental killing against the accuser immediately before the trial. Once the charge was accepted, P.' accuser was no longer permitted to enter any protected places, including places of justice ( nómima) (Antiph. 6,12; 21; 35f.). Schmitz, Winfrie…

Flavius

(4,130 words)

Author(s): Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) | Giaro, Tomasz (Frankfurt/Main) | Eck, Werner (Cologne) | Nutton, Vivian (London) | Schmidt, Peter L. (Constance)
Roman plebeian gentile name, derived from the individual cognomen Flavus (‘the blond one’) through the suffix of affiliation -ius, abbreviated form Fl. The bearers of the name that was already common in the Republican period were initially politically unimportant; F. [I 5] was the first one to attain to Roman nobility. In the Imperial period the name was spread further in the Roman empire as a result of the granting of citizenship by the Flavian Emperors Vespasian, Titus and Domitian (AD 68-96). In Late Antiquity (4th-6th cents.) F. was initially gentilicium of the family of  Consta…

Caelius

(1,467 words)

Author(s): Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) | Will, Wolfgang (Bonn) | Eck, Werner (Cologne) | Schmitt-Pantel, Pauline (Paris) | Nutton, Vivian (London)
Plebeian family name (in MSS frequently confused with  Coelius), attested from the 2nd cent. BC. (ThlL, Onom. 24-26). I. Republican Age [German version] [I 1] C., C. praetor or propraetor in Gallia Cisalpina in 90 BC praetor or propraetor in Gallia Cisalpina in 90 BC (Liv. per. 73; MRR 2,25). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [I 2] C., C. see C.  Coelius. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [I 3] C., M. People's tribune in the 2nd cent. BC People's tribune in the 2nd cent. BC, against whom Cato -- perhaps as censor in 184 BC -- directed a speech (ORF I4 46-48) [1. 86]. Elver…

Marinus

(2,215 words)

Author(s): Gärtner, Hans Armin (Heidelberg) | Nutton, Vivian (London) | Rist, Josef (Würzburg) | Saffrey, Henri D. (Paris) | Leppin, Hartmut (Hannover) | Et al.
[German version] I. Greek (Μαρῖνος; Marînos). [German version] [I 1] M. of Tyre Greek geographer, 2nd cent. AD Greek geographer, known only through his immediate successor Claudius Ptolemaeus, who mentions M. as a source in his ‘Introduction to the Representation of the Earth (γεωγραφικὴ ὑφήγησις/ geōgraphikḗ hyphḗgēsis, = ‘G.). Arabic texts which mention M. all trace back to the ‘G. [8. 189]. Place names used by M. allow his work to be dated to between AD 107 and 114/5; cities are mentioned with the name of Trajan refering to his Dacian Wars (ended AD 107…

Glaucon

(411 words)

Author(s): Meier, Mischa (Bielefeld) | Döring, Klaus (Bamberg) | Engels, Johannes (Cologne) | Ameling, Walter (Jena) | Pressler, Frank (Heidelberg) | Et al.
(Γλαύκων; Glaúkōn). [German version] [1] Athen. strategós about 440 BC Son of Leagoras, Athenian   stratēgós at Samos in 441-440 BC (Androtion FGrH 324 F 38 with comm.); in 439-438 and 435-434 stratēgós, in 433-432 commander of the fleet sent to Corcyra (Thuc. 1,51; Syll.3 72). Often mentioned on Attic   kalos-inscriptions in 480-450 BC. Traill, PAA 277035. Meier, Mischa (Bielefeld) [German version] [2] Son of Critias, father of Plato's mother Perictione Son of  Critias, father of Charmides and of Plato's mother Perictione (Pl. Prt. 315a; Charm. 154ab; Symp. 222b; T…

Statilius

(1,578 words)

Author(s): Fündling, Jörg (Bonn) | Schmitt, Tassilo (Bielefeld) | Nutton, Vivian (London) | Eck, Werner (Cologne) | Touwaide, Alain (Madrid) | Et al.
Italic nomen gentile. I. Republican Period [German version] [I 1] A young friend of M. Porcius [I 7] Cato; in 46 BC he wanted to follow Cato into death, but allowed himself to be dissuaded by philosophical arguments (Plut. Cato Minor 65,10 f.; 66,6-8; 73,7). He then joined cause with M. Iunius [I 10] Brutus, who, because of S.' attitude towards tyrannicide, did not dare let him in on the plot against Caesar. S. was killed in 42 as a scout at Philippi (Plut. Brutus 51,6). Fündling, Jörg (Bonn) [German version] [I 2] S., L. Roman equestrian and leading follower of Catilina (Cic. Cat. 3,6…

Philinos

(563 words)

Author(s): Schmitz, Winfried (Bielefeld) | Weißenberger, Michael (Greifswald) | Zimmermann, Bernhard (Freiburg) | Nutton, Vivian (London) | Meister, Klaus (Berlin) | Et al.
(Φιλῖνος). [English version] [1] Athen. Politiker Athener. Ph. schlug vor, alle Theten unter die Hopliten ( hoplítai ) aufzunehmen (Antiph. fr. 61 aus der Rede Katá Philínu). 420/419 v.Chr. wollte er ein gegen ihn eingeleitetes Verfahren wegen Veruntreuung öffentl. Gelder verhindern, indem er unmittelbar vor dem Prozeß einen Philokrates dazu bewog, gegen den Ankläger wegen unabsichtlicher Tötung Klage zu erheben. Bei Annahme der Klage durfte der Ankläger des Ph. keine gehegten Stätten, auch keine Gerichtsstätten ( nómima) mehr betreten (Antiph. 6,12; 21; 35f.). Schmitz, Winfri…

Glaukon

(381 words)

Author(s): Meier, Mischa (Bielefeld) | Döring, Klaus (Bamberg) | Engels, Johannes (Köln) | Ameling, Walter (Jena) | Pressler, Frank (Heidelberg) | Et al.
(Γλαύκων). [English version] [1] Athen. strategós um 440 v. Chr. Sohn des Leagoras, athenischer stratēgós bei Samos 441/440 v.Chr. (Androtion FGrH 324 F 38 mit Komm.); 439/8 und 435/4 stratēgós, 433/2 Kommandant der nach Korkyra gesandten Flotte (Thuk. 1,51; Syll.3 72). Auf att. Lieblingsinschriften 480-450 v.Chr. häufig erwähnt. Traill, PAA 277035. Meier, Mischa (Bielefeld) [English version] [2] Sohn des Kritias, Vater von Platons Mutter Periktione Sohn des Kritias, Vater des Charmides und von Platons Mutter Periktione (Plat. Prot. 315a; Charm. 154ab; symp. …
▲   Back to top   ▲