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[German version] Pre-Roman Celtic road station on the Lacus Lemanus (modern Lake Geneva; Ptol. 2,12,5: Οὔικος/ Oúikos; It. Ant. 352,1; Tab. Peut. 3,2 f.; Geogr. Rav 4,26) on a route from the Summus Poeninus (modern Great Saint Bernard Pass) to Genava, modern Vevey (in the canton of Vaud). At V., a road branched off northwards through Minnodunum (modern Moudon) to Aventicum (modern Avenches). This crossroads was secured by a guardpost of beneficiarii (CIL XII 164). Walser, Gerold (Basle) Bibliography J.-P. Petit et al. (eds.), Atlas des agglomérations sécondaires de la Gaul…

[German version] [1] Capital of the Suessiones This item can be found on the following maps: Theatre | Caesar | Coloniae | Gallia/Gaul | Oppidum Capital of the Suessiones, occupied by Caesar in 57 BC (Caes. B Gall. 2,12). N. can be identified with the oppidum of Pommiers (west of Soisson, De partement of Aisne). This was abandoned at the latest under Augustus, by about 50 BC a new one had come into being in the plain near Villeneuve-Saint-Germain [1; 2]. With the founding of the Gallo-Roman capital civitas of Augusta Suessionum in about 20 BC other settlement came to an end. Schön, Franz (Regensburg) Bibliography 1 P. Brun, B. Robert, Sondage…

[German version] Celtic tribe, neighbours along with the Tulingi and Latobici of the Helvetii (Caes. B Gall. 1,5,4). The R. migrated westwards from their homeland in 58 BC with the Helvetii. As Munatius [I 4] Plancus founded the colony of Augusta [4] Raurica (modern Augst (CH)) in t…

[German version] A Celtic tribe in the Central Alps where, according to Caes. B Gall. 4,10,3, the source of the Rhine is located. Most consider this passage to be a late interpolation because knowledge of the Central Alps only came with Augustus' Alpine War (between 25 and 15 BC): inscription of La Turbie ([1. 80ff.]; later Str. 4,6,6; 8; Pl…

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Raeti, Raetia Pre-Roman station servicing the road connections from the Upper Rhine to the Alpine passes (Bernardino, Spluegen, Julier) that lead towards Italy, today known as Chur. The place was most likely a Roman vicus f…

[German version] [1] Celtic place name from Spain to Britain Celtic place name from Spain to Britain, such as the station on the Turin - Mont Genèvre pass (Alpes Cottiae), located by [1] near Chiusa di San Michele on the Dora Riparia (cf. [2]). In the spring of 58 BC, Caesar passed t…

[German version] Raetian tribe in the Eisack valley in South Tyrol, subjugated by Augustus in the Alpine War (25-14 BC). The name is in the inscription on the Tropaeum Alpium from La Turbie. Walser, Gerold (Basle) Bibliography …

[German version] Sub-tribe of the Helvetii, whose area of settlement can not be located precisely, either for the period before 58 BC or after. When the Helvetii capitulated after their defeat at Bibracte in 58 v. Chr., 6000 armed V. escaped to the Rhenus (modern Rhine). Caesar ordered those living on their escape route to return the fugitives, and punished them under martial law (Caes. Gall. 1,27,4; 1,28,1).…

This item can be found on the following maps: Celts (Basle). [German version] I. Celtic The Roman B. was preceded by a Celtic settlement of  Helvetii and  Rauraci. First, a large, open settlement existed in the late 2nd cent. in the Rhine plain (Basel-Gasfabrik), to which also belonged a field …

[German version] In the pre-Roman period a station on the road south of the Jura from Lake Geneva to the Upper Rhine with a bridge over the river Aare and good wharfs for trade, modern Solothurn. After the Roman occupation, S. was a beneficiarii…

[German version] Celtic oppidum on the site of Lausanne (Switzerland, canton of Vaud) on the northern bank of the lacus Lemanus . Nearby large Roman harbour facilities ( vicus) with forum, basilica, temple, sailors' schola, harbour quay and warehouses on the site of modern Vidy. The place name L. corresponds with Celtic names for bodies of water (cf. Sauconna = Saône). The vicus of L. was of commercial significance as a trading cent…

[German version] Tribe, neighbouring the Rauraci and the Latobrigi, induced by the Helvetii to take part in their campaign (Caes. B Gall. 1,5,4; 1,25,6: T. are the rearguard of the Helvetian army; 1,28,3: after the battle of Bibracte in 58 BC they were sent by Caesar back to their homeland; 1,29,2: number of marchers 36,000). The role of the T. in the battle of Bibract…

[German version] Vicus or late Roman fort at modern Ober-Winterthur (in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland). At the end of the 1st cent. BC, a station ( Statio ) was established there on the road connecting the Roman legionary camp in Vindonissa and the Raetian centre in Augusta [7] Vindelicum. In the two first centuries of the Roman Imperial period, V. grew into a vicus with a Gallo-Roman temple district, baths and a residential quarter. When, with the abandonment of the limes (III.), Roman rule in Germania collapsed, Diocletian had the old east-west connection secured by expanding the vicus of V. into a fortress …

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Legio | Limes | Raeti, Raetia | Batavian Revolt Roman military camp and civilian settlement on a tongue of land at the confluence of the Rivers Aare and Reuss at modern Windisch (in Switzerland), where a Celtic settlement in the pre-Roman period is assumed. In connexion with the Alpine War (in 15 BC) under Tiberius [1] and Claudius [II 24] Drusus a small fort may already have been established there. It was not until AD 16/17, however, that the military …

(Αὐγούστα, Αὐγοῦστα; Augoústa, Augoûsta). [German version] …

[German version] Sub-tribe of the Helvetii, who under Divico joined a looting campaign by the Cimbri and in 107 BC annihilated a Roman army under Cassius [I 11] on the (?) Garumna (modern Garonne). In 58 BC the T. protected the Helvetii crossing the Arar and were attacked by Labienus [3]. Caesar ascribed this success to himself (Caes. Gall. 1,12) (Plut. Caesar 18,1; see also [2]), in order to be considered as the avenger of the clades Cassiana 'defeat of Cassius' (cf. [3]). It is possible that the place name Tigring (near Klagenfurt) can be traced to the T.; cf. also inscriptions [1]. Walser, Gerold (Basle) Bibliography 1 J. Šašel, Huldigung norischer Stämme am Magdalensberg in Kärnten, in: Historia 16, 1967, 70-74 2 F. Münzer, s. v. Labienus (6), RE 12, 260-270, here 261 3 G. Walser, Bellum Helveticum (Historia ES 118), 1998, 58-59.

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Theatre | | Coloniae | Gallia/Gaul | Celts | Batavian Revolt Roman decreed capital of the  Helvetii in the west of their tribal area, on an ancient highway between Lake Geneva and Aare, modern Avenches. From about 12 BC until into the 2nd cent. AD, the settlement was developed into a Roman town. In AD 69, A. only narrowly escaped plunder by the army of Vitellius (Tac. Hist. 1,69). Emperor Vespasian, whose family had connections with A. (Suet. Vesp. 1,3), permitted the building of a wall ring (5650 m in circumference, partially extant). Excavations from the 18th cent. onwards have uncovered the layout of the town with monumental structures: rectangular …

[German version] Celtic tribe of people who settled in the area of modern Switzerland in the Roman Imperial period. Borders of the settlement area: to the north of Rhine, only between the mouth of the Aare and Stein am Rhein (so-called Tabular Jura between Basle and Brugg) is the region of the Raurici; to the west the Folded Jura between Basle and Geneva; to the south Lake Geneva without the area of the colonia Equestris (Nyon); in the east the border towards Raetia is on a line from the eastern bank of Lake Geneva to Pfyn-Frauenfeld. The H. were subdivided into triba…

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Caesar | | Gallia/Gaul | Celts | Batavian Revolt …

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