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[German version] (Δεκέλεια; Dekéleia). Attic Mesogeia deme of the Hippothonti phyles; four  bouleutai. Part of the Attic Dodecapolis (Str. 9,1,20). In the former royal palace gardens of Tatoï (Thuc. 7,19,2) 120 stadiums north of Athens and south of the pass which, to the south-east of the Katsimidi, leads to Oropus and Tanagra (Thuc. 7,28,1; Hdt. 9,15). In 413 BC, the Spartans fortified D. (Thuc. 7,19,2; [1. 15 fig. 7; 3. 56f.; 4. 141f.]; hence the name of the ‘Decelean War’); they occupied D. until …

[German version] (Τετράπολις/ Tetrápolis, 'four-city'). Cult association of the Attic dêmoi of Marathon (capital), Oenoe[5], Probalinthus and Tricory(n)thus (Str. 8,7,1) on the eastern coast of Attica, founded by Xuthus (Str. 8,7,1); surviving prehistoric settlements at modern Nea Makri (Probalinthus), Plasi (cf. Marathon) and Kato Souli (cf. Tricorynthus), middle Helladic and early Mycenaean necropolis of a local dynasty in Vrana [1]. As (pre-Greek) Hyttenia T. was part of the Attic Dōdekápolis ('twelve-city', Str. 9,1,20) and sent festal legations from the Deli…

[German version] (Σαλαμίνιοι; Salamínioi). Athenian génos from Salamis [5], which was divided into the 'S. of Seven Phyles' and the 'S. in Sunium'. In the 4th cent. BC, it primarily acted as a cult alliance in charge of some of the oldest cults in the polis (Athena Skiras, Aglaurus, Pandrosus, Ge Kourotrophos among others). Both branches had sanctuaries of Heracles, one in Sunium, the other 'on the Porthmus', that is, the strait of Salamis ([4]; pace [1; 2; 3]) where, along with Phalerum and Athens, the cultic activities of the S. were concentrated. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 W. …

[German version] (Βῆσ(σ)α; Bês(s)a). Attic   paralia-deme of the phyle Antiochis, later Hadrianis. Two bouleutai. Significant mining district in  Laurion, for which 24 mining leases are attested. Probably located near today's Hagios Konstantinos (formerly Kamareza), as Xen. Vect. 4,43 recommends the construction of a fortification on the highest point of B. (= Vigla Rimbari?) halfway between Anaphlystus and Thoricus. In the south, therefore, B. adjoined Amphitrope; in the north, Thoricus; in the east and south-east, Sunium, to which it was linked by the astikè hodós. Road conne…

[German version] (Κόπρος; Kópros). Attic paralia-deme of the phyle Hippothontis, with two bouleutaí. Probably identical with the synonymous (river?) island (νῆσος τῆς Ἀττικῆς, Schol. Aristoph. Equ. 899; Hsch. s.v. Κ.), but not identical with Gaiduronisi (Patroklu Charax) [1]. [2. 52; 3. 178; 4] assume that C. was located east of Eleusis. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 E. Honigmann, s.v. Kopros, RE XI 2, 1365f. 2 Traill, Attica 21 with n. 26bis, 52, 69, 111 no. 74, table 8 3 Travlos, Attika 4 E. Vanderpool, New Evidence for the Location of the Attic Deme Kopros, …

[German version] (Βουτάδαι; Boutádai). Attic   asty deme of the phyle Oenieis, later of the Ptolemais; one bouleutes; of uncertain location, but the connection of the  Eteoboutadai with the Scirophoria and the town quarter of Sciron suggests a position of B. at the Holy Way near Laciadae and the Cephisus. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography Traill, Attica 9,48,62,69,109 (no. 27), table 6,13.

[German version] (Παιανία/ Paianía). Great Attic mesogeia deme of the phyle Pandionis in Liopesi (today again P.), divided into Upper P. (Π. καθύπερθεν/ P. kathýperthen) with one bouleutḗs and Lower P. (Π. ὑπένερθεν/ P. Hypénerthen) with eleven bouleutaí (Harpocr. s.v. Παιανιεῖς). In 307/6 BC, Upper P. changed over to Antigonis. The deme decree IG I3 250 (450/430 BC; FO: Liopesi) [2. 385 No. 83] of Lower P., which mentions a quorum of 100 dēmótai [2. 95], attests to the harvest festival of Pr(o)ērosía [2. 196f.] and hieropoioí ('cult officials') [2. 142, 183]. For the cult of …

[German version] (Ἀχραδοῦς; Achradoús). According to Steph. Byz. s. v. A., Attic deme. Ἀχραδούσιος/ Achradoúsios (Aristoph. Eccl. 362) is explained as a travesty of  Acherdus [1. 336], but A. is also verified in IG II2 2776 Z. 195, possibly as a dependent   kome of  Ionidae [2. 53]. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 Whitehead 2 H. Lohmann, Atene, 1993.

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Attica (Τρικόρυ(ν)θος; Trikóry(n)thos). Attic paralia deme, Aeantis phyle, from AD 126/7 Hadrianis, three (six) bouleutaí, on the marshy northern edge of the Plain of Marathon near modern Kato Souli; demoticon Τρικορύσιος/ Trikorýsios. With Marathon, Oenoe [5] and Probalinthus, T. formed the Tetrapolis cult association (Str. 8,7,1), whose cultic calendar (IG II2 1358 Z. 55) is evidence of a Hera cult in T. According to Sic. 4,57,4; 58,4, the Heraclidae settled in T., and the head of Eurystheu…

[German version] (Ὀτρύνη/ Otrýnē). Attic asty deme of the phyle of Aegeis, with one bouleutḗs. Location uncertain - the connection with fish in Ath. 7,309e is topographically irrelevant [1]. For a case of illegitimate acquisition of citizenship in O., cf. Dem. Or. 44,37 [2. 297]. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 D. Schaps, Antiphanes Frg. 206 and the Location of the Deme O., in: CPh 77, 1982, 327f. 2 Whitehead, Index s.v. O. W.E. Thompson, Kleisthenes and Aigeis, in: Mnemosyne 22, 1969, 137-152  Traill, Attica, 16f., 40, 69, 111 nr. 97, table 2  J.S. Traill, Demos and Trittys, 1…

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Theatre | Laurium | Mycenaean culture and archaeology | Attica | Attica | Aegean Koine | Education / Culture (Θορικός/ Thorikós). Paralia deme with the character of a small town on the southeastern coast of Attica, Acamantis phyle, five (six) bouleutaí. Settlement activity from the late Chalcolithic (end of the 4th millennium BC). In the early Mycenaean period a princely seat with a significant Mycenaean necropolis [1], which was absorbed by Athens in the Late Helladic IIIA ( synoikismós of Theseus; T…

[German version] (Ἀγγελή; Angelḗ). Attic   paralia deme of the phyle Pandionis with two (three), later four bouleutai; its location north-east of the modern Markopulo is verified by the modern place name of Angelisi, by the finding place of IG II/III 5230, and by a   horos from the grove of Angelus, the eponymous hero of A. [1. 9, no. 7]. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 J. Kirchner, S. Dow, Inschr. vom att. Lande, in: MDAI(A) 62, 1937, 1-12 2 Traill, Attica, 17 f., 42, 59, 62, 68, 109 no. 13, table 3.

[German version] (Ἁδριανίς; Hadrianís). Last of the five post-Cleisthenian  phyles of Attica, set up in AD 127/8 in honour of emperor Hadrian. Each of the 12 phyles at the time (10 Cleisthenian, Ptolemais, Attalis) gave the H. a deme. To this the new deme  Antinoeis was added in AD 130 after the death of  Antinous [2]. The trittyes played no part in the formation of the post-Cleisthenian phyles. The proportional representation of the demes in the phyles had been abandoned in 201/200 BC. The imperial lists of bouleutai for the individual demes therefore show an inhomogenous picture. …

[German version] (Αἰθαλίδαι; Aithalídai). Attic mesogeia deme of the phyle  Leontis (IG II2 1742), later of the Antigonis. Two bouleutai. Of uncertain location, possible connection with  Eupyridae,  Cropidae, and  Peleces [2; 3. 45, map 1]. For the inscription on the grave of an Aethalides near the modern Marathon, see [4. 319, n. 2]. With 94 recorded names, it is mentioned surprisingly frequently [1. 59]. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 A. W. Gomme, The Population of Athens, 1933 2 A. Milchhoefer, s. v. A., RE 1, 1092 f. 3 Traill, Attica, 8, 45, 68, 109 (no. 6), 13…

[German version] (Κειριάδαι; Keiriádai). Attic asty deme of the phyle Hippothontis, two   bouleutaí . Its location outside the wall of Athens west of the Hill of the Nymphs and the Pnyx [2. 51] (today Ano Petralona) is verified by the Βάραθρον ( Bárathron), a gorge in C., into which those condemned to death were thrown (Anecd. Bekk. 1,219,10) [1].  Athens Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 Th. Thalheim, s.v. Βάραθρον, RE 2, 2853 2 Traill, Attica, 51; 69; 110 no. 62, table 8 3 Whitehead, 26, 83.

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Attica (Τυρμεῖδαι; Tyrmeîdai). Small Attic mesogeia(?) deme of the Oineis, from 200/199 BC of the Attalis (Attalus [4] I), one (two) bouleutaí. In 360/59 and 335/4 BC T. did not send a council member. Its precise location is not known. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography Traill, Attica 9, 19, 49, 70, 78, 112 no. 141 tab. 6, 14  J. S. Traill, Demos and Trittys, 1986, 15, 134, 143 f., 149.

(Ἰκάριον/ Ikárion; Ἰκαρία/ Ikária only Steph. Byz. s.v. Ἰ.). [German version] [1] Att. mesogeia deme of the phyle Aegeis Attic mesogeia deme of the phyle Aegeis, from 307/6 to 201 of Antigonis, after 200 BC of Attalis, on the north-east slope of mount  Pentelicon (modern Dioniso). Only one deme named I. is recorded [7. 115 no. 16]. With five (six) bouleutaí, medium-sized, but (through cult business?) prosperous [9. 160 n. 77, 163]. In 1888/9, the Dionysus sanctuary [9. 221] with one of the oldest theatres in Attica [2; 3; 8] and archaic cult image of Dionysus (IG I3 254, IG II2 2851 [5; 9. …

[German version] (Φάληρον; Phálēron). Shallow bay to the east of Piraeus before the latter's expansion as the chief port of Athens (Hdt. 5,63; 5,85; 6,116; 8,66f.; 8,91ff.; 9,32; Paus. 1,1,2), modern Kallithea/Moschato/Palaia Phaliro. Also a large Attic asty-deme of the Aeantis phyle with 9 (13) bouleutaí. The location of the ancient centre of the deme is disputed [1; 2. 25ff.; 3; 5], the question of the ancient coastline [5; 8. 340] can be clarified only with geoscientific methods. In the 5th cent. BC the 'Phaleric Wall' connected Athens …

[German version] (Δωδεκάπολις; Dōdekápolis, ‘Twelve Town’). Name of several, not always historically verifiable, Greek leagues of towns 1. Hdt. 1,145 mentions  Aegae [2],  Aegira,  Aegium,  Bura,  Dyme,  Helice [1],  Olenus,  Patrae,  Pharaea and  Tritaea [2] as members of the Achaean dodekapolis, which the Achaeans are said to have taken from the Iones when they drove them out. 2. On the Aeolian dodekapolis cf. Aeoles [2]. 3. According to Hdt. 1,142, in the 6th cent. BC the Ionian dodekapolis consisted of  Chios,  Ephesus,  Erythrae,  Clazomenae,  Colophon,  Lebedus,  M…

(Λαύρειον, Λαύριον; Laúreion, Laúrion). [German version] A. General L. refers to the Attic mining district in south-east Attica as a whole as well as to a specific mining complex within that district. As L. can be etymologically linked with λαύρα/ laúra (Hom. Od. 22,128; 22,137) from the Mycenaean ra-u-ra-ta, it seems that from very early on the region owed its name to the mine. The most important mining district of Greek antiquity, L. with its mines, ore-washeries, furnaces, settlements, graves and sanctuaries is a cultural monument of global importance. Se…

[German version] (Κωλιὰς ἄκρα; Kōlías ákra). Cape at the western coast of Attica [1] in the deme Halimus, modern Hagios Cosmas, with an Early Helladic settlement [3; 4]. This is where wreckage from the naval battle of Salamis (480 BC) was washed ashore (Hdt. 8,96). A sanctuary of Demeter Thesmophoros is attested by Plutarch (Solon 8,4), Pausanias (1,31,1), and Hesychius (s.v. Κ.) [2. 100]. The cult of Aphrodite Colias is localized by Str. 9,1,21 incorrectly in Anaphlystus. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 J. Day, Cape Colias, Phalerum and the Phaleric Wall, in: AJA 36, 1932, 1-11 2 G. …

[German version] (Βατή; Batḗ). Attic asty(?)-demos (  asty ) of the phyle Aegeis; one (two) bouleutes/ai. Location unknown (near Ambelokipi?); the decree of the mesogeioi IG II2 1245, found near the Acharnaean Gate, i.e. at the street corner of Sophokleous and Aiolou, does not aid the localization of B. In IG II2 2776 Z. 53, an σχαστηρία is pawned in B. [1. 81] (further documentary evidence for σχαστηρίαι [1. 8123]). Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 S. G. Miller, A Roman Monument in the Athenian Agora, in: Hesperia, 41, 1972, 50-95. Traill, Attica, 5, 7, 15f., 39, 69, 109 (n…

[German version] (Ἀνακαία; Anakaía). Attic deme of the phyle  Hippothontis (IG II2 2377), with its geographical centre around  Eleusis and in Thriasia. Three bouleutai. Trittys and location uncertain, possibly near Mygdaleza [2. 137] or in the Kundura valley with a deme centre at Hagios Giorgios [1. 61 ff.]. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 H. Lohmann, Das Kastro von H. Giorgios (‘Ereneia’), in: MarbWPr 1988, 34-66 2 J. S. Traill, Demos and Trittys, 1986 3 Id., Attica, 52, 68, 109 (no. 11), table 8.

[German version] (Ξυπέτη; Xypétē). Attic asty deme of the Cecropis phyle, from 307/6 until 201 BC of the Demetrias [2] phyle, seven bouleutaí; with Peiraeus, Phalerum and Thymaetadae, X. formed the cult federation of the tetrákōmoi with a common Herakleion at Peiraeus. Its location between this sanctuary and Phalerum at modern Kallithea-Moschato is certain. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography E. Meyer, s. v. X., RE 9 A, 2178-2182  Traill, Attica, 11, 50, 67, 112 No. 142, Table 7, 12  J. S. Traill, Demos and Trittys, 1986, 5, 13, 14, 24, 115, 134  Whitehead, Index s. v. X.

[German version] (Κοθωκίδαι; Kothōkídai). Attic paralia deme of the Oeneis phyle, from 307/6 to 200 BC of the Demetrias, with two bouleutaí. Probably c. 6 km north-east of Eleusis near Hagios Ioannis in Goritsa north of Aspropyrgos, the provenance of tomb inscription IG II2 6481 [1; 2. 49].  Aeschines [2] was from C. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 E. Honigmann, s.v. K., RE 11, 1516 2 Traill, Attica 9, 19, 49, 62, 68, 111 no. 76, table 6, 12.

[German version] (Κορυδαλλός, Korydallós). Attic asty deme of the Hippothontis phyle, from 200 BC of Attalis, the mountains of the same name (Str. 9,14; 23; Diod. Sic. 4,59,5; Ath. from 9,390ab; Ael. NA 3,25 [2]); one (?) bouleutḗs. The deme centre suspected [2] near Palaiokastro/Palaiochora. The so-called ‘heroa’ [1; 2. 10ff.] are farmsteads, not the sanctuary of the Kore Soteira attested by Ammonius ( Perì diapheroýsōn léxeōn 84, s.v. Κόρυδος valckenaer). Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 E. Honigmann, s.v. Korydallos, RE 10, 1447 2 A. Milchhoefer, Erläuternder Text, …

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Lycii, Lycia (Πίσιλις/ Písilis). Fortified settlement in southeastern Caria between Calynda and Caunus on Baba Dağ near Sarıgerme. The ruins on the bay below belong to the Byzantine town of Prepia. Only mention: Str. 14,2,2. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography H. Lohmann, Zw. Kaunos und Telmessos, in: Orbis Terrarum 5, 1999, 43-83.

[German version] (Ὑδροῦσσα/ Hydroûssa; also Ὑδρόεσσα/ Hydróessa, Ὑδροῦσα/ Hydroûsa, Ὕδρουσα/ Hýdrousa; ‘rich in water’). The name of numerous islands, the one in Attica was off the coast of  Aexone according to Str. 9,1,21. However, the name does not fit any of the rocky islands off the western coast of Attica. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography L. Bürchner, s.v. H., RE 9, 79 W. Kolbe, s.v. H., RE 9, 87.

[German version] (Λαμπτραί; Lamptraí). Attic deme of the phyle Erechtheis, 307/6-201/0 BC of Antigonis, that consisted of the smaller mesogeia deme of ‘upper L.’ (Λ. καθύπερθεν) with five bouleutaí and the larger coastal deme of ‘lower L.’ (Λ. ὑπένερθεν or παράλοι, ‘on the coast’), with nine bouleutaí (Harpocr. s.v. Λαμπτρεῖς; Hsch. s.v. Λαμπτρά). Upper L. comprised Lambrika, which preserves the name, with the centre of the deme near Kitsi. Important early Mycenaean acropolis of Kiapha Thiti and Mycenaean necropoleis at this location [1. 54…

[German version] (Ἀχαρναί; Acharnaí). Largest Attic deme, the only mesogeia trittys of the phyle Oeneis, 22 bouleutai. 60 stadia from Athens (Thuc. 2,21,2) near or south-west of Menidi. Its borders are disputed [7], as are Thuc.'s (2,19 [1; 5; 8]) records of 3,000  hoplitai -- probably an incorrect transcript of 1,000 [1; 8. 397 ff.], a number commensurate with the ‘standard relation’ of 42 full citizens per bouleutes [3. 286 f.]. Mycenaean tholos-tomb near Lykopetra south of Menidi, also a Bronze-Age settlement in Nemesis [2; 6]. In classical times, a deme o…

[German version] (Ἀλωπεκή; Alōpekḗ). Attic   asty-deme of the phyle  Antiochis, 10-12 bouleutai [3]. 11-12 stadia ( c. 2 km) outside the city (Aeschin. In Tim. 99). Since according to Hdt. 5,63 the grave of  Anchimolus lay in A. by the heracleum of Cynosarges in  Diomea, A. bordered to the north on Diomea, and in the west on  Phalerum. Located earlier near Katsipodi or Ambelokipi [3. 53; 2; 1] (today Daphni / Hagios Dimitrios). IG II2 3683 (place where found ‘Angelokipi’ [sic!]), documents the cult of  Aphrodite, Alci. 3,37, of  Hermaphroditus, IG II2 1596(A) l. 5 a   hieromnemon …

[German version] (Εἰρεσίδαι; Eiresídai). Attic asty deme of the phyle Acamantis. One (or two)  bouleut(ai). A plot of land owned by Plato in E. bordered on the river Cephissus to the west (Diog. Laert. 3,41), which probably formed the boundary of the demos. Therefore, E. was probably located west of the Colonus Hippios and north-west of the Platonic Academy (an epitaph from the 4th cent. BC of two dēmótai from E. was found in the north-west [1. 8 fig. 8]) between the Hodos Kephissou and the Leophoros Athenon. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 P. D. Stavropullos, Ἀνασκαφαὶ Ἀρχαίας Ἀ…

[German version] (Μελία; Melía). According to Hecat. (FGrH 1 F 11, with Steph. Byz. s.v. Μ.) a city in Caria, according to Vitr. De arch. 4,1,4-6 one of the ancient Ionian cities. It was destroyed by the Ionians around 700 BC, and the territory between Samos and Priene was divided up (IPriene Nr.37). Since [1. 78-167] the late Geometric/early Archaic hilltop enclosure on the Kale Tepe by Güzel Çamlı north of the Mycale (today's Samsun Dağı) is considered to be M. But it should rather be localized as the ruins on the Mycale (ibid. also the archaic Panionium? [2. 1371]) discovered in 1999. Lohmann,…

[German version] (Στειριά/ Steiriá, Στειρία/ Steiría, Στιρία/ Stiría, Στηριά/ Stēriá). Attic Paralia deme of the Pandionis phyle, three (four) bouleutaí, on the eastern coast of Attica between Prasiae and Brauron on the bay of Porto Raphti (Str. 9,1,22; modern Limen Mesogeias) to the north of the Punta peninsula [1. 68-70]. The Steiriakḗ hodós ('S. Road') connected S. with Athens (Pl. Hipparch. 229a). Steirians took part in the colonisation of Euboea [1] (Str. 10,1,6). The Phegaeans in IG II2 2362 probably formed a kṓmē ('rural community') of S. [2. 55, 57…

[German version] (Φρεάρριοι; Phreárrhioi). Large Attic Paralia deme of the Leontis phyle, with nine (ten) bouleutaí. The name is not derived from φρέαρ/ phréar, 'well, shaft', rather it is pre-Greek [1. 74568]. The find of a cult calendar secures its location to the north of the southern Attic Olympus [2] at modern Pheriza. In the east and south P. bordered on Anaphlystus [1. 74f.; 2]. Quarries in P.: [1. 78568]. Themistocles was from P. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 H. Lohmann, Atene, 1993, Index s.v. P. 2 E. Vanderpool, A lex sacra of the Attic Deme P., in: Hesperia 39,…

[German version] (Σκολοπόεις; Skolopóeis). Place on the coast between Priene and Thebae on the River Gaeson and at the southern foot of the Mycale mountains with a sanctuary to Eleusinian Demeter (probably at modern Domatia [1. 17]), where in 479 BC the Greeks won a victory over the Persians (Hdt. 9,97; Persian Wars [1]). Border with Thebae: IPriene 361. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 Th. Wiegand, Priene. Ergebnisse der Ausgrabungen und Untersuchungen in den Jahren 1895-1898, 1904.

[German version] Deme of  Miletus, south of Milesia at the Gulf of Akbük. Name ( Argasa) of Carian origin [2. § 89-1]. Several inscriptions prove the existence of a (secular?) temenos of A. [1 no. 66-69]. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 A. Rehm, A. Harder, Didyma II. Die Inschr., 1958 2 L. Zgusta, Kleinasiatische Ortsnamen, 1984. M. Piérart, Athènes et Milet I. Tribus et dèmes Milésiens, in: MH 40, 1983, 1-18 Id., Athènes et Milet II. L'organisation du territoire, in: MH 42, 1985, 276-299 H. Lohmann, Survey in der Chora von Milet. Vorbericht über die Kampagnen der…

[German version] (Ἐχελίδαι; Echelídai, from ἕλος; hélos, ‘Swamp’?). Locality ( dḗmos according to Steph. Byz. s.v. Eχελíδαι; EM s.v. Ἔχελος) in Attica in the plain near the mouth of the Kephisos close to the ‘Long Wall’ leading to Phalerum, slightly north of today's Neofaliron on the territory of the Demos Xypete [2; 3. 87]. Judeich and Milchhöfer [1; 2] suspect that the hippodromos of Athens was located there. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 W. Judeich, Top. von Athen, 21931, 456 2 A. Milchhöfer, s.v. E., RE 5, 1911 3 Traill, Attica, 50, 86f., 114 no. 10.

[German version] (Ἄφιδνα, Ἀφίδναι; Áphidna, Aphídnai). Large Attic deme, sole component of the mesogeia trittys of the  Aeantis [1] phyle, then of the  Ptolemais; from AD 126/27 of the Hadrianis. 16   bouleutai . The settlement site on the Great Kotroni, already important in the mid-Helladic era (assigned by Str. 9,1,20 to the Attic dodecapolis [2. 330 ff., especially 338 no. 6]), with its own mythic tradition ( Aphidnus), is virtually unresearched. The territory of the A. deme comprised a number of settlements known to us by na…

[German version] (Χολαργός; Cholargós). Attic asty deme ( Asty) of the Acamantis phyle; four (six) bouleutai. Its exact location is uncertain, presumably to the west or north-west of Athens, towards Phyle (Men. Dys. 33), the presumed location of the estate of Pericles, who hailed from C. (Thuc. 2,13; Plut. Pericles 3). Epitaphs for inhabitants of C. originate from Chaïdari (IG II2 7768). C. is one of those six or seven demes where the holding of  Thesmophoria is verified (IG II2 1184; LSCG no. 124); it also boasted a Pythion (ibid. l. 23), as well as a circular temenos of Heracles (IG II2 1248…

[German version] (Κολλυτός, also Κολυττός; Kollytōs, Kollyttós). Attic asty deme belonging to the Aegeis phyle in the centre of Athens south of the  Areopagus and west and south of the Acropolis, the dense urban development of which apparently blended into Melite (Eratosth. in Str. 1,4,7; [1. 169; 2. 16; 3. 55; 4. 276; 6. 27f.]); provided three (four) bouleutaí. The main street, the ‘narrow’ (στενωπός) C., was used as a marketplace (Phot. 375B; [1. 180]). Reference on the decree on demes IG II2 1195 l. 6ff., see [6. 128, 140, 187, 382]. There is evidence of rural (!)  D…

[German version] (Ἀγκυλή; Ankylḗ). Attic   asty deme (Upper and Lower A.) of the phyle  Aigeis, later of  Antigonis with two (1/1) bouleutai, located in the east or south-east of Athens (Alci. 3,43: ‘Proasteion’). A. bordered on  Agryle either in the north [1. 170] or south (IG II2 2776 Z. 57-59 [2. 70]). Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 W. Judeich, Top. von Athen, 21931 2 S. G. Miller, A Roman Monument in the Athenian Agora, in: Hesperia 41, 1972,50-95. Traill, Attica, 7, 29, 39, 68, 69, 109 f. (no. 14, 15), 126 f. table 3, 11 Id., Demos and Trittys, 1986, 127.

[German version] (Γαργηττός; Gargēttós). Attic Mesogea deme in the Aegeis phyle, after 307/6 BC in the Antigonis. It provided four (already in IG I3 1040), later seven   bouleutaí . Name pre-Greek [1. 1336]. A decree on the demes of Hagios Giorgios near Ieraka locates it in the marching order between Hymettus and Pentelicum east of Pallene and attests a Dionysus sanctuary as the mustering ground [2. 41; 3. 127]. G. was with Acharnae, Paeania and Pallene a member of the cultic federation of Athena Pallenis (Ath. 234f-235c; [4. 18546]), the hero G. was considered the father of Ion…

[German version] (Κονθύλη; Konthýlē). Attic mesogeia deme of the phyle Pandionis, from 224/3 BC of Ptolemaïs; one   bouleutḗs ; the location is uncertain (Mazareïka? [2; 3. 43]). According to [1. 601ff.], C. formed the cultural association of Tricomi together with Erchia and Cytherus. Sources: Aristoph. Vesp. 233; Phot. s.v. Κοθύλη. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 P. J. Bicknell, Clisthène et Kytherros, in: REG 89, 1976, 599-603 2 M. Petropolakou, E. Pentazos, Ancient Greek Cities 21. Attiki, 1973, 157 no. 25 3 Traill, Attica 43, 62, 69, 111 no. 73, table 3, 13.

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Attica (Πάνακτον, Πάνακτος; Pánakton, Pánaktos). Attic border fortress on the southern edge of the Plain of Scurta near modern Prasino (once Kavasala) [2; 3; 4; 5. 224f.; 6], sometimes incorrectly identified with the Gyphtokastro (Eleutherai) in the Kaza Pass. Built before the  Peloponnesian War, in 422 BC P. fell to the Boeotians through treachery (Thuc. 5,3,5), who, in violation of a treaty, demolished it before returning it (Thuc. 5,18,7; 39,2f.;…

[German version] (Κύθηρος; Kýthēros). Attic paralia(?) deme of the Pandionis phyle, from 307/6 to 201 BC of the Antigonis; supplied two bouleutaí. According to Str. 9,1,20, one of the locations belonging to the Attic dodecapolis. Its localisation near Poussi Kalojerou by Traill [3] is methodologically unsustainable; Dem. Or. 42 suggests a site near a city, in a wooded area. In IG II2 2496 three houses belonging to the deme of C. in Piraeus are leased by otherwise unattested Meritai [4. 383 no. 72]. A cult association between Trikomoi, Erchia and C. can scarcely be deduced from IG II2 1213…

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Theatre | Ionic | Oracles | Attica | Athenian League (Second) | Education / Culture | Boeotia, Boeotians (Ὀρωπός/ Orōpós). Coastal town in northwest Attica opposite Eretria, present-day Skala Oropou (for classical remains [1; 5; 6. 304 fig. 378, 379]) and suburb of Oropia, which was a disputed territory between Athens and Boeotia. The principal shrine of Amphiaraus, and site of his oracle, is situated 6 km to the southeast in a narrow wooded valley. Excavations s…

[German version] (Ἀναία; Anaía). Coastal town in Ionia to the north of the Mycale mountains at and near the Byzantine fortress (12th/13th century AD; [3. 65-74]), now called Kadıkale, where [2] found pottery from the 10th-3rd cent. BC. When the Athenians conquered Samos in 365 BC, A., as part of the peraia of Samos [3], was used by the Samians as a place of refuge [1. 44 f.]. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 Ch. Habicht, Athen, 1995 2 Z. Mercangöz, Kuşadası, Kadıkalesi Kazısı, in: 24. Kazı, Araştırma ve Arkeometri Sempozyumu, 2003 3 W. Müller- Wiener, Mittelalterliche Befest…

[German version] (ἡ/ὁ Πάρνης; hē/ho Párnēs). A mountain range, rich in forests and springs, on the border between Attica and Boeotia, stretching west of the Aegaleos, with the name Pastra, as far as Cithaeron; the modern Parnitha (elevation 1413 m). A number of demes were located at the foot of the P., including Acharnae, Aphidna, Decelea, Paeonidae, Peleces and Phyle. Several fortresses secured the passes to Boeotia in the area of the P.: Decelea with the fort at Katsimidi Pass, Phyle, and Panactum,…

[German version] (Δαιδαλίδαι; Daidalídai). Attic asty deme of the Cecropis phyle, from 307/6 to 201/0 BC of the Demetrias phyle, from AD 126/7 of the Hadrianis. One   bouleutes . With the Daedalion, mentioned only in the poletai inscription [1] and probably the sanctuary of the eponymous hero of D., it bordered to the south with the Alopece deme. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 J. Young, Greek Inscriptions, in: Hesperia 10, 1941, 14ff., esp. 20f. no. 1, l. 10f. Traill, Attica 10f., 50, 70, 109 no. 30, table 7, 12, 15 J. S. Traill, Demos and Trittys, 1986, 14, 135.